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Quevedo-Blasco R, Díaz-Román A, Vega-García A. Death Anxiety in Caregivers of Chronic Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:107. [PMID: 38201013 PMCID: PMC10871074 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the extent to which caregivers of patients with chronic illnesses experience death anxiety, and which variables from caregivers and patients might potentially be related to their death anxiety. It also aimed to compare the levels of death anxiety between patients and caregivers. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Psychology Database, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched for original studies available until December 2022 that quantitatively addressed death anxiety in family and informal caregivers of individuals with chronic illnesses. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed, and a meta-analysis was conducted using Hedges' g as the effect size index and the DerSimonian-Laird method to analyze differences between patients and caregivers in death anxiety. The results of the 11 included studies showed moderate levels of death anxiety in caregivers, and the meta-analysis (k = 7; 614 patients and 586 caregivers) revealed non-significant differences between the death anxiety experienced by patients and caregivers (pooled Hedges' g = -0.03, 95% CI = -0.29 to 0.25, p = 0.802). Some sociodemographic and psychological factors (e.g., gender, depression, and anxiety) might be related to the death anxiety experienced, but additional research is necessary to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Quevedo-Blasco
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Amparo Díaz-Román
- Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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Wang M, Zhang L, Ma J, Sun H, Gao Z, Hu M, Liu H, Guo L. Mediating effect of successful aging on the relationship between psychological resilience and death anxiety among middle-aged and older adults with hypertension. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1116263. [PMID: 37808974 PMCID: PMC10552859 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1116263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aging trend of China's population is severe and successful aging (SA) is imminent. Aging can lead to various chronic diseases, with hypertension being the most common. Due to this lifelong disease, patients suffer from many anxieties, as death anxiety (DA) can be the most prevalent. Studies have exhibited that middle-aged adults approaching the transition to an older state show more pronounced DA than the more senior. It has been suggested that psychological resilience (PR) can reduce DA. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the mediating effect of SA between PR and DA in middle-aged and older adults with hypertension. Methods A cross-sectional survey was designed. From August to December 2021, 298 middle-aged and older adults with hypertension were selected by multistage cluster random sampling in three districts (Ling he District, Gu ta District, and Tai He District) of Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province. They were surveyed using the demographic questionnaires, the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Successful Aging Inventory, and the Chinese version of a Likert-type Templer-Death Anxiety Scale. Descriptive analyses, independent sample T-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to describe demographic characteristics among hypertensive patients with different characteristics, respectively. Statistics were considered significant when P < 0.05. Pearson correlation coefficients describe the relationship between PR, SA, and DA. The research model was shaped through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). SPSS PROCESS macro was used to verify the mediation model. A binary logistic regression model was used with DA as the dependent variable. Results The scores for PR, SA, and DA in hypertensive patients are (49.52 ± 14.38) points, (51.22 ± 7.63) points, and (46.67 ± 9.03) points. PR was negatively correlated with DA (r = -0.307, P < 0.01). Moreover, incorporating SA as a mediating variable in PR and DA, SA was positively correlated with PR (r = 0.335, P < 0.01) and DA (r = 0.085, P > 0.05). The direct effect is opposite to the sign of the indirect effect. There is a suppression between PR and DA with a percentage of 20.7%. Good self-assessed health status [0.057 (0.018, 0.183)] may be a protective factor for DA. Conclusion Healthcare providers should improve the PR of middle-aged and older adults with hypertension through interventions that reduce DA and increase the likelihood of SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiding Wang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jianing Ma
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Sun
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziyun Gao
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengya Hu
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Student Health Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Leilei Guo
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Mavrogiorgou P, Akinci B, Murer N, Efkemann S, Akinci E, Turmes L, Juckel G. Death Anxiety in the Context of Religion, Personality and Life Meanings. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231199872. [PMID: 37650385 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231199872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on the context between death anxiety and religion do not provide any clear evidence regarding "anxiety buffer" function. In this explorative study, death anxiety and attitude to death were determined in the context of mood, personality and meaning of life among groups of Muslims (n = 60) and Christian Protestants (n = 60). Death anxiety and attitude to death were assessed using the Bochum questionnaire for recording death anxiety and attitudes to death. Death anxiety was mild to moderate in our healthy Participants of Muslim and Christian faith. Attitude towards death was therefore much more pronounced among Muslim members than Christians. The influence of religious beliefs on the fear of death does not appear to be direct and linear. Sources that provide meaning in life and emotional stability can contribute to a reduction in death anxiety and a less problematic attitude towards death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Mavrogiorgou
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Burhan Akinci
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Norbert Murer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Simone Efkemann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Erhan Akinci
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Luc Turmes
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Mavrogiorgou P, Zogas H, Zogas G, Juckel G, Heuer JF. [Perioperative anxiety and fear of death]. DIE ANAESTHESIOLOGIE 2023; 72:266-272. [PMID: 36897352 PMCID: PMC10076359 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-023-01267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
An important field of anesthesiology but also of psychiatry and psychotherapy, is perioperative anxiety and especially the fear of death. In this review article the most important types of anxiety in the individual phases before, during and after surgery are presented and diagnostic aspects as well as risk factors are discussed. Benzodiazepines can classically be used therapeutically here, but in recent years the preoperative anxiety-reducing effects of e.g., supporting talks, acupuncture, aroma therapy, and relaxation methods have come more into focus, because benzodiazepines promote postoperative delirium, which significantly increases morbidity and mortality. Perioperative fear of death should, however, be given greater clinical and scientific attention in order not only to have a better understanding and preoperative care of patients, but also to reduce adverse consequences during surgery and afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Mavrogiorgou
- Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Alexandrinenstr. 1, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - Hannah Zogas
- Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Alexandrinenstr. 1, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland.,Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie (AINS), Augusta-Kliniken Bochum, Bergstr. 26, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - Georgios Zogas
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie (AINS), Augusta-Kliniken Bochum, Bergstr. 26, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - Georg Juckel
- Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Alexandrinenstr. 1, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland.
| | - Jan-Florian Heuer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie (AINS), Augusta-Kliniken Bochum, Bergstr. 26, 44791, Bochum, Deutschland
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Shu W, Miao Q, Feng J, Liang G, Zhang J, Zhang J. Exploring the needs and barriers for death education in China: Getting answers from heart transplant recipients' inner experience of death. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1082979. [PMID: 36860384 PMCID: PMC9968799 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1082979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Promoting reflection about death may support better living, and how to carry out death education is an important issue to be addressed across the world. The purpose of the current study was to explore the attitude of heart transplant recipients toward death and their inner real experience to provide information for the development of death education strategies. Methods A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted using a snowball method. A total of 11 patients who had undergone heart transplantation more than 1-year ago were recruited for the current study for semi-structured interviews. Results A total of five themes were identified: "Not avoid talking about death," "Feeling fear about the pain in the process of death", "Wanting a good death at the end of life," "The richness of feelings during near-death is surprising," and "Being close to death makes people more receptive to death." Conclusion Heart transplant recipients have a positive attitude toward death and wish for "good death" at the end of life. These patients' near-death experiences and positive attitudes toward death during the course of their illness provided evidence of the need for death education in China and supported the experiential approach to death education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Shu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - QunFang Miao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: QunFang Miao ✉
| | - JieHui Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - GuanMian Liang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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