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Tulimieri DT, Semrau JA. Impaired proprioception and magnified scaling of proprioceptive error responses in chronic stroke. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:51. [PMID: 38594762 PMCID: PMC11003069 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work has shown that ~ 50-60% of individuals have impaired proprioception after stroke. Typically, these studies have identified proprioceptive impairments using a narrow range of reference movements. While this has been important for identifying the prevalence of proprioceptive impairments, it is unknown whether these error responses are consistent for a broad range of reference movements. The objective of this study was to characterize proprioceptive accuracy as function of movement speed and distance in stroke. METHODS Stroke (N = 25) and controls (N = 21) completed a robotic proprioception test that varied movement speed and distance. Participants mirror-matched various reference movement speeds (0.1-0.4 m/s) and distances (7.5-17.5 cm). Spatial and temporal parameters known to quantify proprioception were used to determine group differences in proprioceptive accuracy, and whether patterns of proprioceptive error were consistent across testing conditions within and across groups. RESULTS Overall, we found that stroke participants had impaired proprioception compared to controls. Proprioceptive errors related to tested reference movement scaled similarly to controls, but some errors showed amplified scaling (e.g., significantly overshooting or undershooting reference speed). Further, interaction effects were present for speed and distance reference combinations at the extremes of the testing distribution. CONCLUSIONS We found that stroke participants have impaired proprioception and that some proprioceptive errors were dependent on characteristics of the movement (e.g., speed) and that reference movements at the extremes of the testing distribution resulted in significantly larger proprioceptive errors for the stroke group. Understanding how sensory information is utilized across a broad spectrum of movements after stroke may aid design of rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Thibodeau Tulimieri
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
- Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science (BIOMS), University of Delaware, 100 Discovery Blvd, Tower at STAR, Rm 234, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
| | - Jennifer A Semrau
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, USA.
- Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science (BIOMS), University of Delaware, 100 Discovery Blvd, Tower at STAR, Rm 234, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, USA.
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Hakon J, Quattromani MJ, Sjölund C, Talhada D, Kim B, Moyanova S, Mastroiacovo F, Di Menna L, Olsson R, Englund E, Nicoletti F, Ruscher K, Bauer AQ, Wieloch T. Inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 after stroke restores brain function and connectivity. Brain 2024; 147:186-200. [PMID: 37656990 PMCID: PMC10766240 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke results in local neural disconnection and brain-wide neuronal network dysfunction leading to neurological deficits. Beyond the hyper-acute phase of ischaemic stroke, there is no clinically-approved pharmacological treatment that alleviates sensorimotor impairments. Functional recovery after stroke involves the formation of new or alternative neuronal circuits including existing neural connections. The type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR5) has been shown to modulate brain plasticity and function and is a therapeutic target in neurological diseases outside of stroke. We investigated whether mGluR5 influences functional recovery and network reorganization rodent models of focal ischaemia. Using multiple behavioural tests, we observed that treatment with negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of mGluR5 (MTEP, fenobam and AFQ056) for 12 days, starting 2 or 10 days after stroke, restored lost sensorimotor functions, without diminishing infarct size. Recovery was evident within hours after initiation of treatment and progressed over the subsequent 12 days. Recovery was prevented by activation of mGluR5 with the positive allosteric modulator VU0360172 and accelerated in mGluR5 knock-out mice compared with wild-type mice. After stroke, multisensory stimulation by enriched environments enhanced recovery, a result prevented by VU0360172, implying a role of mGluR5 in enriched environment-mediated recovery. Additionally, MTEP treatment in conjunction with enriched environment housing provided an additive recovery enhancement compared to either MTEP or enriched environment alone. Using optical intrinsic signal imaging, we observed brain-wide disruptions in resting-state functional connectivity after stroke that were prevented by mGluR5 inhibition in distinct areas of contralesional sensorimotor and bilateral visual cortices. The levels of mGluR5 protein in mice and in tissue samples of stroke patients were unchanged after stroke. We conclude that neuronal circuitry subserving sensorimotor function after stroke is depressed by a mGluR5-dependent maladaptive plasticity mechanism that can be restored by mGluR5 inhibition. Post-acute stroke treatment with mGluR5 NAMs combined with rehabilitative training may represent a novel post-acute stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Hakon
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Miriana J Quattromani
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Carin Sjölund
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Daniela Talhada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Byungchan Kim
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Slavianka Moyanova
- Department of Molecular Pathology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Di Menna
- Department of Molecular Pathology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Roger Olsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Molecular Pathology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Karsten Ruscher
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Adam Q Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tadeusz Wieloch
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
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Fooken J, Baltaretu BR, Barany DA, Diaz G, Semrau JA, Singh T, Crawford JD. Perceptual-Cognitive Integration for Goal-Directed Action in Naturalistic Environments. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7511-7522. [PMID: 37940592 PMCID: PMC10634571 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1373-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Real-world actions require one to simultaneously perceive, think, and act on the surrounding world, requiring the integration of (bottom-up) sensory information and (top-down) cognitive and motor signals. Studying these processes involves the intellectual challenge of cutting across traditional neuroscience silos, and the technical challenge of recording data in uncontrolled natural environments. However, recent advances in techniques, such as neuroimaging, virtual reality, and motion tracking, allow one to address these issues in naturalistic environments for both healthy participants and clinical populations. In this review, we survey six topics in which naturalistic approaches have advanced both our fundamental understanding of brain function and how neurologic deficits influence goal-directed, coordinated action in naturalistic environments. The first part conveys fundamental neuroscience mechanisms related to visuospatial coding for action, adaptive eye-hand coordination, and visuomotor integration for manual interception. The second part discusses applications of such knowledge to neurologic deficits, specifically, steering in the presence of cortical blindness, impact of stroke on visual-proprioceptive integration, and impact of visual search and working memory deficits. This translational approach-extending knowledge from lab to rehab-provides new insights into the complex interplay between perceptual, motor, and cognitive control in naturalistic tasks that are relevant for both basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolande Fooken
- Centre for Neuroscience, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6, Canada
| | - Bianca R Baltaretu
- Department of Psychology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, 35394, Germany
| | - Deborah A Barany
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, and Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Gabriel Diaz
- Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623
| | - Jennifer A Semrau
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713
| | - Tarkeshwar Singh
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - J Douglas Crawford
- Centre for Integrative and Applied Neuroscience, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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Matyas TA, Mak-Yuen YYK, Boelsen-Robinson TP, Carey LM. Calibration of Impairment Severity to Enable Comparison across Somatosensory Domains. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040654. [PMID: 37190619 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparison across somatosensory domains, important for clinical and scientific goals, requires prior calibration of impairment severity. Provided test score distributions are comparable across domains, valid comparisons of impairment can be made by reference to score locations in the corresponding distributions (percentile rank or standardized scores). However, this is often not the case. Test score distributions for tactile texture discrimination (n = 174), wrist joint proprioception (n = 112), and haptic object identification (n = 98) obtained from pooled samples of stroke survivors in rehabilitation settings were investigated. The distributions showed substantially different forms, undermining comparative calibration via percentile rank or standardized scores. An alternative approach is to establish comparable locations in the psychophysical score ranges spanning performance from just noticeably impaired to maximally impaired. Several simulation studies and a theoretical analysis were conducted to establish the score distributions expected from completely insensate responders for each domain. Estimates of extreme impairment values suggested by theory, simulation and observed samples were consistent. Using these estimates and previously discovered values for impairment thresholds in each test domain, comparable ranges of impairment from just noticeable to extreme impairment were found. These ranges enable the normalization of the three test scales for comparison in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Matyas
- Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Yvonne Y K Mak-Yuen
- Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
- Department of Occupational Therapy, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Tristan P Boelsen-Robinson
- Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Leeanne M Carey
- Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
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