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For: Calvo C, Topa G. Leadership and Motivational Climate: The Relationship with Objectives, Commitment, and Satisfaction in Base Soccer Players. Behav Sci (Basel) 2019;9:bs9030029. [PMID: 30893929 PMCID: PMC6466861 DOI: 10.3390/bs9030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open

For:	Calvo C, Topa G. Leadership and Motivational Climate: The Relationship with Objectives, Commitment, and Satisfaction in Base Soccer Players. Behav Sci (Basel) 2019;9:bs9030029. [PMID: 30893929 PMCID: PMC6466861 DOI: 10.3390/bs9030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Zhang Y, Wang F, Szakál Z, Bíró Z, Kovács M, Őrsi B, Kovács KE. Why do students drop out of regular sport in late adolescent? The experience of a systematic review. Front Public Health 2024;12:1416558. [PMID: 39737456 PMCID: PMC11684458 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1416558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/01/2025] Open

Abstract

Introduction

The positive impact of youth sport on physical, mental and social health has been highlighted in several research which reinforces further investigations concerning the reasons for dropout of athletes. As one of the most emergent difficulties in youth sports is to prevent athletes from dropping out, it is important to explore what factors play important part in this process. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers and challenges related to sport persistence and dropout.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature review using the EBSCO Discovery Service Search Engine. Our method followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results

Out of the initially examined 512 publications, 11 papers were included in our final sample. Original empirical research published in a peer-reviewed journal, papers focusing on participants age below 25 years and exploring factors influencing dropout determined by any levels of Bronfenbrenner's model were analyzed. Results showed that gender differences were extensively examined and did, in fact, contribute to dropout ratios, while socio-cultural and ethnic backgrounds were largely disregarded in most studies. From presented individual psychological factors perception of ability and success, enjoyment, sports satisfaction and life satisfaction all protected against dropout.

Discussion

Achievement, goal, social and win orientation emerged as positive predictors of sport persistence in many studies, along with motivation and commitment. Many non-psychological factors were also mentioned. Sports requiring more training may lead to increased dropout rates, just as well as the lack of knowledge acquisition and competitiveness. Lastly, social environment and status also often play a significant role in dropout. Individuals with more resourceful socio-economical background find it easier to keep up the pace and have the opportunity to participate in more wealth-consuming sports. Social support received from the family and peers is a very strong preventive factor against dropout and both the personality and leadership of the coach were mentioned in multiple studies. A lack of methodological diversity, paired with the presence of only cross-sectional studies fulfilling the inclusivity criteria raises attention to the importance of examining underrepresented factors and the need for longitudinal research on the topic.

Systematic review registration

https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2024-11-0015/, INPLASY2024110015.

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Selejó Joó BT, Czipa H, Bódi R, Lupócz Z, Paronai R, Tóth BT, Tóth HL, Kocsner OC, Lovas B, Lukácsi C, Kovács M, Kovács KE. Qualitative Analysis of Micro-System-Level Factors Determining Sport Persistence. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024;9:196. [PMID: 39449490 PMCID: PMC11503412 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9040196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Sport persistence is the embodiment of sports performance and mental toughness. It refers to our attempts concerning the performance plateau, failures, injuries, or even the resolution and processing of stressful situations associated with success and positive events. In our research, we used qualitative methods based on Bronfenbrenner's socio-ecological model to investigate the factors influencing sport persistence among high school and university athletes. Methods: The research was based on semi-structured interviews with 133 athletes. ATLAS.ti software and the grounded theory methodology were applied for data analysis. Our analysis grouped the responses according to Bronfenbrenner's categorisation system, highlighting motivational factors at the microsystem level. Our research question was as follows: What kind of factors dominate the development of sport persistence among adolescent (high school) and young adult (university) athletes along Bronfenbrenner's dimension of the microsystem? Results: Regarding the microsystem, family, peers, and coaches were mentioned as influential factors. Concerning the family, general, person-specific, family value-related, future-oriented, introjected, and disadvantage-compensating motivational components were identified. General, individual, community and relational factors were identified concerning peers. Concerning the coach, general, individual, community, and coach personality-driven motivational segments were detected. Conclusions: By recognising the complex interplay of systemic factors, we can design interventions targeting these factors at various socio-ecological levels, promoting youth sports and increasing physical activity among young people. These findings instil hope and motivation for the future of sports and physical activity.

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Affiliation(s)

Bence Tamás Selejó Joó Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Hanna Czipa Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Regina Bódi Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Zsuzsa Lupócz Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Rozália Paronai Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Benedek Tibor Tóth Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Hanna Léna Tóth Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Oszkár Csaba Kocsner Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Buda Lovas Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary;
Csanád Lukácsi Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)
Mátyás Kovács Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary;
Karolina Eszter Kovács Institute of Psychology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.T.S.J.); (H.C.); (R.B.); (Z.L.); (R.P.); (B.T.T.); (H.L.T.); (O.C.K.); (C.L.)

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Lochbaum M, Sisneros C. A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of the Motivational Climate and Hedonic Well-Being Constructs: The Importance of the Athlete Level. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024;14:976-1001. [PMID: 38667819 PMCID: PMC11048888 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open

Abstract

Motivational climate is known to relate to individual behaviors, emotions, and thoughts. Hedonic or subjective well-being includes self-assessed positive affect (i.e., pleasant affect, moods, and emotions), negative affect (i.e., unpleasant affect, moods, and emotions), and life or domain-specific satisfaction. The aim of this review was to quantify the relationships between task and ego motivational climate scales and measures representing hedonic well-being with sports participants. Potential moderators of the motivational climate and hedonic well-being were examined. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID CRD42023470462, registered 28 October 2023). From five relevant databases, one relevant review, and hand searching, 82 articles totaling 26,378 participants (46.3% female) met the inclusion criteria. The articles spanned publication dates from 1993 to 2023, representing 18 countries, various team and individual sports, and athletes competing in elite (e.g., Olympic) to grassroot (e.g., club sport) competitions. To meta-analyze the motivational climate and hedonic well-being relationships, the random-effects model was used. For the moderation analyses, the mixed-effects model was used. The task or mastery climate relationships were medium in magnitude with positive affect and satisfaction and small with negative affect. The ego or performance climate relationships were small in magnitude for positive affect, negative affect, and satisfaction. Evidence of bias existed in the motivational climate and hedonic well-being relationships. For moderation analyses, athlete level (i.e., elite vs. non-elite) moderated (p < 0.05) the task (elite, r = 0.23; non-elite, r = 0.34) and ego motivational climate (elite, r = -0.02; non-elite, r = -0.13) and positive affect and satisfaction combined relationships. In conclusion, the motivational climate and hedonic well-being relationships were stronger for the task climate than for the ego climate. The finding that elite athlete correlations appeared dampened is important for future research. Even with the damped relationships, practitioners, from the Olympics to local clubs, should ensure the promotion of the task climate to maximize positive affect and satisfactions in and around the sport experience.

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