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Salcedo‐Bellido I, Requena P, Mateos R, Ortega‐Rico C, Olmedo‐Requena R, Lozano‐Lorca M, Arrebola JP, Barrios‐Rodríguez R. Factors associated with the development of second primary tumours in head and neck cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13699. [PMID: 36117311 PMCID: PMC9787413 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of second primary tumours (SPTs) is one of the main causes of low survival in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). The aim of this study was to review the evidence about factors associated with developing SPTs in patients with HNC. METHODS An updated systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, and the search was performed in Pubmed and Scopus. Only original articles with a cohort or case-control design were included. Article quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Thirty-six and two case-control studies were included, with quality medium (n = 5) to high (n = 33). Tobacco showed a significant association with SPT development, with risks ranging from 1.41 (95%CI: 1.04-1.91) to 5.52 (95%CI: 2.91-10.49). Regarding alcohol, risks ranged from 1.46 (95%CI: 1.12-1.91) to 21.3 (95%CI: 2.9-156). Location of the index tumour in the hypopharynx/oropharynx, absence of human papillomavirus and presence of a premalignant lesion also increased the risk of SPTs. More controversy was found for sex, age and other clinical factors of the tumour. CONCLUSION Toxic lifestyle habits and clinical factors were associated with the risk of SPTs in HNC patients. These findings may improve individualised prevention strategies in its follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Salcedo‐Bellido
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada)GranadaSpain,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Pilar Requena
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada)GranadaSpain,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Rocío Mateos
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Carmen Ortega‐Rico
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Rocío Olmedo‐Requena
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada)GranadaSpain,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Macarena Lozano‐Lorca
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada)GranadaSpain
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada)GranadaSpain,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Rocío Barrios‐Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada)GranadaSpain,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
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Huang R, Dai Q, Yang R, Duan Y, Zhao Q, Haybaeck J, Yang Z. A Review: PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway and Its Regulated Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors May Be a Potential Therapeutic Target in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817916. [PMID: 35574327 PMCID: PMC9096244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor developing from the esophageal squamous epithelium, and is the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer (EC). EC ranks 10th in morbidity and sixth in mortality worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rates in China are both higher than the world average. Current treatments of ESCC are surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgical resection is recommended for advanced patients. However, it does not work in the significant promotion of overall survival (OS) after such therapy. Research on targeted therapy in ESCC mainly focus on EGFR and PD-1, but neither of the targeted drugs can significantly improve the 3-year and 5-year survival rates of disease. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an important survival pathway in tumor cells, associated with its aggressive growth and malignant progression. Specifically, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and so on. Related genetic alterations of this pathway have been investigated in ESCC, such as PI3K, AKT and mTOR-rpS6K. Therefore, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway seems to have the capability to serve as research hotspot in the future. Currently, various inhibitors are being tested in cells, animals, and clinical trials, which targeting at different parts of this pathway. In this work, we reviewed the research progress on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway how to influence biological behaviors in ESCC, and discussed the interaction between signals downstream of this pathway, especially eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) and the development and progression of ESCC, to provide reference for the identification of new therapeutic targets in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiong Dai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang L, Pang W, Zhou K, Li L, Wang F, Cao W, Meng X. Characteristics of esophageal cancer in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:1954-1961. [PMID: 35116518 PMCID: PMC8799255 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the clinicopathological features of esophageal cancer in patients with a history of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with the intention of providing information regarding the characteristics of these patients. METHODS A retrospective study was performed in 32 cases of esophageal cancer with HNSCC who were diagnosed using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between 2007 to 2017. Synchronous carcinoma (SC) group and metachronous carcinoma (MC) group was established based on whether esophageal cancer was diagnosed within 6 months after HNSCC diagnosis. The clinicopathological features of esophageal cancer and HNSCC, as well as follow-up treatment and survival, were analyzed in esophageal cancer patients in both groups. RESULTS There were 8 cases of 8 patients (7 males and 1 female) in the SC group and 24 cases of 22 patients (21 males and 1 female) in the MC group. The majority of esophageal cancer of HNSCC were male patients aged 50-69 years. The average interval time between diagnosis of esophageal cancer and HNSCC was 36.0±39.2 months (3.25±2.19 months for the SC group and 46.90±39.73 months for the MC group). Ninety-three-point-seven-five percent (30/32) of the patients had esophageal cancer within 6 years after HNSCC. The proportion of early esophageal cancer and successful surgical treatment in the SC group was significantly higher compared to the MC group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Detection of esophageal cancer should be prioritized in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth Peoples’ Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Man GCW, Wang J, Song Y, Wong JH, Zhao Y, Lau TS, Leung KT, Chan TH, Wang H, Kwong J, Ng TB, Wang CC. Therapeutic potential of a novel prodrug of green tea extract in induction of apoptosis via ERK/JNK and Akt signaling pathway in human endometrial cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:964. [PMID: 33023525 PMCID: PMC7539473 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown a major green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate ((−)-EGCG) as a powerful anti-cancer agent. However, its poor bioavailability and requirement of a high dosage to manifest activity have restricted its clinical application. Recently, our team synthesized a peracetate-protected derivative of EGCG, which can act as a prodrug of (−)-EGCG (ProEGCG) with enhanced stability and improved bioavailability in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we tested the therapeutic efficacy of this novel ProEGCG, in comparison to EGCG, toward human endometrial cancer (EC). Methods In this study, the effects of ProEGCG and EGCG treatments on cell growth, cell survival and modulation of intracellular signaling pathways in RL95–2 and AN3 CA EC cells were compared. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated by cell viability assay. Apoptosis was measured by annexin/propidium iodide staining. Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases, markers of proliferation and apoptosis were measured by immunoblot analysis. In addition, the effects of ProEGCG and EGCG on tumor growth, vessel formation and gene expression profiles on xenograft models of the EC cells were investigated. Results We found that treatment with ProEGCG, but not EGCG, inhibited, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, the proliferation and increased apoptosis of EC cells. Treatment with low-dose ProEGCG significantly enhanced phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK and inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and ERK which are critical mediators of apoptosis. ProEGCG, but not EGCG, elicited a significant decrease in the growth of the EC xenografts, promoted apoptotic activity of tumour cells in the EC xenografts, and decreased microvessel formation, by differentially suppressing anti-apoptotic molecules, NOD1 and NAIP. Notably, no obvious adverse effects were detected. Conclusions Taken together, ProEGCG at a low dose exhibited anticancer activity in EC cells through its anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-tumor actions on endometrial cancer in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, a low dose of EGCG did not bring about similar effects. Importantly, our data demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ProEGCG which manifests the potential of a novel anticancer agent for the management of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Chi Wai Man
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianzhang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tat San Lau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tak Hang Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huating Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph Kwong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Targeting Glycolysis with Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Enhances the Efficacy of Chemotherapeutics in Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101496. [PMID: 31590367 PMCID: PMC6826788 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a complex disease, in need of new therapeutic approaches. In this study, we explored the effect and mechanism of action of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol in green tea, alone and in combination with current chemotherapeutics on pancreatic cancer cell growth, focusing on glycolysis metabolism. Moreover, we investigated whether EGCG's effect is dependent on its ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS). EGCG reduced pancreatic cancer cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner and the growth inhibition effect was further enhanced under glucose deprivation conditions. Mechanistically, EGCG induced ROS levels concentration-dependently. EGCG affected glycolysis by suppressing the extracellular acidification rate through the reduction of the activity and levels of the glycolytic enzymes phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Cotreatment with catalase abrogated EGCG's effect on phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Furthermore, EGCG sensitized gemcitabine to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. EGCG and gemcitabine, given alone, reduced pancreatic tumor xenograft growth by 40% and 52%, respectively, whereas the EGCG/gemcitabine combination reduced tumor growth by 67%. EGCG enhanced gemcitabine's effect on apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell cycle and further suppressed phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase levels. In conclusion, EGCG is a strong combination partner of gemcitabine reducing pancreatic cancer cell growth by suppressing glycolysis.
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