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Niu H, Lei A, Tian H, Yao W, Liu Y, Li C, An X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wu J, Yang M, Huang J, Cheng F, Zhao J, Hua J, Liu S, Luo J. Scd1 Deficiency in Early Embryos Affects Blastocyst ICM Formation through RPs-Mdm2-p53 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021750. [PMID: 36675264 PMCID: PMC9864350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryos contain a large number of lipid droplets, and lipid metabolism is gradually activated during embryonic development to provide energy. However, the regulatory mechanisms remain to be investigated. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1) is a fatty acid desaturase gene that is mainly involved in intracellular monounsaturated fatty acid production, which takes part in many physiological processes. Analysis of transcripts at key stages of embryo development revealed that Scd1 was important and expressed at an increased level during the cleavage and blastocyst stages. Knockout Scd1 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 from zygotes revealed a decrease in lipid droplets (LDs) and damage in the inner cell mass (ICM) formation of blastocyst. Comparative analysis of normal and knockout embryo transcripts showed a suppression of ribosome protein (RPs) genes, leading to the arrest of ribosome biogenesis at the 2-cell stage. Notably, the P53-related pathway was further activated at the blastocyst stage, which eventually caused embryonic development arrest and apoptosis. In summary, Scd1 helps in providing energy for embryonic development by regulating intra-embryonic lipid droplet formation. Moreover, deficiency activates the RPs-Mdm2-P53 pathway due to ribosomal stress and ultimately leads to embryonic development arrest. The present results suggested that Scd1 gene is essential to maintain healthy development of embryos by regulating energy support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Niu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Anmin Lei
- Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huibin Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weiwei Yao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Cong Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xuetong An
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhifei Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Min Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiangtao Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jianqing Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shimin Liu
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6018, Australia
| | - Jun Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence:
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William S, Duncan T, Redmond TM. Pretreatment of human retinal pigment epithelial cells with sterculic acid forestalls fenretinide-induced apoptosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22442. [PMID: 36575190 PMCID: PMC9794835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ratio of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids, thought to play a critical role in many cellular functions, is regulated by stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Previously, we observed a decrease in both SCD protein and enzymatic activity in apoptosis induced by fenretinide, a synthetic analog of retinoic acid, in the human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line ARPE-19. Here, we investigated the effect of pretreating ARPE-19 with sterculic acid, a cyclopropenoic fatty acid inhibitor of SCD, on preventing fenretinide-induced apoptosis, given the role of SCD in cell proliferation and apoptosis. We show that sterculic acid pretreatment prevents the effects of fenretinide-induced apoptosis shown by changes in cell morphology, viability, and caspase-3 activation. Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated proteins shows that sterculic acid pretreatment reduced the fenretinide-induced upregulation of heme oxygenase-1, ATF3 and GADD153 expression that are in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Sterculic acid is as effective as allopurinol in inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XDH), and this may play a role in reducing the potential role of XDH in fenretinide-induced ROS generation. Sterculic acid pretreatment also results in a reduction in SOD2 mRNA expression. Dihydroceramide accumulation, compared to ceramide, and ROS generation indicate that a ceramide-independent pathway mediates fenretinide-induced apoptosis, and ROS mediation is borne out by activation of the NF-κBp50 and NF-κBp65 downstream signaling cascade. Its prevention by sterculic acid pretreatment further indicates the latter's antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effect. Taken together, our results suggest that sterculic acid pretreatment can mitigate ROS-mediated fenretinide-induced apoptosis. Thus, sterculic acid may serve as a potential antioxidant and therapeutic agent. These effects may be independent of its effects on SCD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel William
- grid.280030.90000 0001 2150 6316Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, Bldg. 6/Room 112A, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0608 USA
| | - Todd Duncan
- grid.280030.90000 0001 2150 6316Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, Bldg. 6/Room 112A, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0608 USA
| | - T. Michael Redmond
- grid.280030.90000 0001 2150 6316Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, Bldg. 6/Room 112A, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0608 USA
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Zhang H, Cai YH, Ding Y, Zhang G, Liu Y, Sun J, Yang Y, Zhan Z, Iliuk A, Gu Z, Gu Y, Tao WA. Proteomics, Phosphoproteomics and Mirna Analysis of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles through Automated and High-Throughput Isolation. Cells 2022; 11:2070. [PMID: 35805153 PMCID: PMC9265938 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases because of their rich molecular contents involved in intercellular communication, regulation, and other functions. With increasing efforts to move the field of EVs to clinical applications, the lack of a practical EV isolation method from circulating biofluids with high throughput and good reproducibility has become one of the biggest barriers. Here, we introduce a magnetic bead-based EV enrichment approach (EVrich) for automated and high-throughput processing of urine samples. Parallel enrichments can be performed in 96-well plates for downstream cargo analysis, including EV characterization, miRNA, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics analysis. We applied the instrument to a cohort of clinical urine samples to achieve reproducible identification of an average of 17,000 unique EV peptides and an average of 2800 EV proteins in each 1 mL urine sample. Quantitative phosphoproteomics revealed 186 unique phosphopeptides corresponding to 48 proteins that were significantly elevated in prostate cancer patients. Among them, multiple phosphoproteins were previously reported to associate with prostate cancer. Together, EVrich represents a universal, scalable, and simple platform for EV isolation, enabling downstream EV cargo analyses for a broad range of research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
- EVLiXiR Biotech, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Yu-Han Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yajie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Guiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
- Bell Mountain Molecular MedTech Institute, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
- Bell Mountain Molecular MedTech Institute, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.)
| | - Zhen Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Anton Iliuk
- Tymora Analytical Operations, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.)
| | - W. Andy Tao
- Tymora Analytical Operations, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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