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Lin S, Wei J, Lai H, Zhu Y, Gong H, Wei C, Wei B, Luo Y, Liu Y, Mo X, Zuo H, Lin Y. Determining the optimal distal resection margin in rectal cancer patients by imaging of large pathological sections: An experimental study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38083. [PMID: 38787988 PMCID: PMC11124751 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the distal resection margin in sphincter-sparing surgery in patients with low rectal cancer based on imaging of large pathological sections. METHODS Patients who underwent sphincter-sparing surgery for ultralow rectal cancer at Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital within the period from January 2016 to March 2022 were tracked and observed. The clinical and pathological data of the patients were collected and analyzed. The EVOS fluorescence automatic cell imaging system was used for imaging large pathological sections. Follow-up patient data were acquired mainly by sending the patients letters and contacting them via phone calls, and during outpatient visits. RESULTS A total of 46 patients (25 males, 21 females) aged 27 to 86 years participated in the present study. Regarding clinical staging, there were 9, 10, 16, and 10 cases with stages I, II, III, and IV low rectal cancer, respectively. The surgical time was 273.82 ± 111.51 minutes, the blood loss was 123.78 ± 150.91 mL, the postoperative exhaust time was 3.67 ± 1.85 days, and the postoperative discharge time was 10.36 ± 5.41 days. There were 8 patients with complications, including 3 cases of pulmonary infection, 2 cases of intestinal obstruction, one case of pleural effusion, and one case of stoma necrosis. The longest and shortest distal resection margins (distances between the cutting edges and the tumor edges) were 3 cm and 1 cm, respectively. The minimum length of the extension areas of the tumor lesions in the 46 images of large pathological sections was 0.1 mm, and the maximum length was 15 mm. Among the tumor lesions, 91.30% (42/46) had an extension area length of ≤5 mm, and 97.83% (45/46) had an extension area length of ≤10 mm. The length of the extension zone was not related to clinical pathological parameters (P > .05). CONCLUSION In the vast majority of cases, the distal resection margin was at least 1 cm; thus, "No Evidence of Disease" could have been achieved. Additional high-powered randomized trials are needed to confirm the results of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Lin
- Hepatological Surgery Department, Guangxi Guigang People Hospital, Guigang City, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hao Lai
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yazhen Zhu
- Experimental Research Department, Guangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China
| | - Han Gong
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chengjiang Wei
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Binglin Wei
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yinxiang Luo
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Hepatological Surgery Department, Guangxi Guigang People Hospital, Guigang City, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hongqun Zuo
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Colorectal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Erozkan K, Gorgun E. Robotic colorectal surgery and future directions. Am J Surg 2024; 230:91-98. [PMID: 37953126 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
As the adoption of robotic-assisted procedures expands across various surgical specialties, colorectal surgery stands out as a prominent beneficiary. This rise in usage can be traced back to the increased accessibility of robotic platforms and a growing institutional shift towards cutting-edge surgical methods. When compared with traditional laparoscopic methods, robotic techniques offer distinct advantages. Their true potential shines in surgeries involving complex anatomical regions, where the robot's enhanced dexterity and range of motion prove invaluable. The three-dimensional, magnified view provided by robotic systems further boosts surgical precision and clarity. These advantages render robotic assistance especially suitable for colorectal surgeries, notably in intricate areas such as the rectum and endoluminal spaces. As the medical world emphasizes minimally invasive surgical methods, there's a pressing need to evolve and optimize robotic techniques in colorectal surgery. This article traces the evolution of robotic interventions in colorectal surgeries, highlighting both its historical milestones and anticipated future trends. We'll also explore emerging robotic tools and systems set to reshape the colorectal surgical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Erozkan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emre Gorgun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Mizoguchi M, Kizuki M, Iwata N, Tokunaga M, Fushimi K, Kinugasa Y, Fujiwara T. Comparison of short-term outcomes between robot-assisted and laparoscopic rectal surgery for rectal cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis using the Japanese Nationwide diagnosis procedure combination database. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2023; 7:955-967. [PMID: 37927934 PMCID: PMC10623962 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer is increasing, but its short-term results remain unclear. We compared the short-term outcomes of robot-assisted and laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer using a nationwide inpatient database. Methods We analyzed patients registered in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database who underwent robot-assisted or laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer from April 2018 to March 2020. Postoperative complication rates, anesthesia time, length of hospital stay, and cost were compared using propensity score matching for low anterior resection (LAR), high anterior resection (HAR), and abdominoperineal resection (APR). Results Among 38 090 rectal cancer cases, 1992 LAR, 357 HAR, and 310 APR pairs were generated by propensity score matching and analyzed. Anesthesia time was longer for robot-assisted surgery compared with laparoscopic surgery (LAR: 388.6 vs. 452.8 min, p < 0.001; HAR: 300.9 vs. 393.5 min, p < 0.001; APR: 4478.5 vs. 533.5 min, p < 0.001). Robot-assisted surgery was associated with significantly shorter hospital stay for LAR (22.3 vs. 20.0 days, p < 0.001) and APR (29.2 vs. 25.9 days, p = 0.029). Total costs for LAR were significantly lower for robot-assisted surgery (2031511.6 vs. 1955216.6 JPY, p < 0.001). The complication rates for robot-assisted surgery tended to be fewer than laparoscopic surgery for all procedures, but the differences were not significant. Conclusions Although the anesthesia time was longer for robot-assisted surgery, the procedure resulted in shorter hospital stay for LAR and APR, and lower costs for LAR compared with laparoscopic surgery. Robot-assisted surgery can thus help to reduce costs and can be performed safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Mizoguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Masashi Kizuki
- Department of Tokyo Metropolitan Health Policy AdvisementTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Noriko Iwata
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Masanori Tokunaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and InformaticsTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Yusuke Kinugasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health PromotionTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
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Formisano G, Ferraro L, Salaj A, Giuratrabocchetta S, Piccolo G, Di Raimondo G, Bianchi PP. Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision for Low Rectal Cancer: A Narrative Review and Description of the Technique. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4859. [PMID: 37510973 PMCID: PMC10381747 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Robotic surgery may offer significant advantages for treating extraperitoneal rectal cancer. Although laparoscopy has been shown to be safe and effective, laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) remains technically challenging and is still performed in selected centers. Robotic anterior resection (RAR) may overcome the drawback of conventional laparoscopy, providing high-quality surgery with favorable oncological outcomes. Moreover, recent data show how RAR offers clinical and oncological benefits when affording difficult TMEs, such as low and advanced rectal tumors, in terms of complication rate, specimen quality, recurrence rate, and survival. This series aims to review the most recent and relevant literature, reporting mid- and long-term oncological outcomes and focusing on minimally invasive RAR for low rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Formisano
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of General Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Adelona Salaj
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Giuratrabocchetta
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Piccolo
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Raimondo
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Pietro Bianchi
- Department of Surgery, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Belli F. Special Issue "Current Management of Early and Advanced Rectal Cancer". Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3574. [PMID: 37509237 PMCID: PMC10377096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As expected, surgery for low or ultralow disease remains a challenging issue in rectal cancer treatment [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiberto Belli
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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C-Reactive Protein as Predictor for Infectious Complications after Robotic and Open Esophagectomies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195654. [PMID: 36233522 PMCID: PMC9571314 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The value of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a predictor of anastomotic leakage (AL) after esophagectomy has been addressed by numerous studies. Despite its increasing application, robotic esophagectomy (RAMIE) has not been considered separately yet in this context. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the predictive value of CRP in RAMIE. Material and Methods: Patients undergoing RAMIE or completely open esophagectomy (OE) at our University Center were included. Clinical data, CRP- and Procalcitonin (PCT)-values were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database and evaluated for their predictive value for subsequent postoperative infectious complications (PIC) (AL, gastric conduit leakage or necrosis, pneumonia, empyema). Results: Three hundred and five patients (RAMIE: 160, OE: 145) were analyzed. PIC were noted in 91 patients on postoperative day (POD) 10 and 123 patients on POD 30, respectively. Median POD of diagnosis of PIC was POD 8. Post-operative CRP-values in the robotic-group peaked one and two days later, respectively, and converged from POD 5 onward compared to the open-group. In the group with PIC, CRP-levels in the robotic-group were initially lower and started to differ significantly from POD 3 onward. In the open-group, increases were already noticed from POD 3 on. Procalcitonin levels did not differ. Best Receiver operating curve (ROC)-results were on POD 4, highest negative predictive values at POD 5 (RAMIE) and POD 4 (OE) with cut-off values of 70 mg/L and 88.3 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion: Post-operative CRP is a good negative predictor for PIC, after both RAMIE and OE. After RAMIE, CRP peaks later with a lower cut-off value.
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