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Zhou R, Zhou J, Deng S, Zhu Y, Muhuitijiang B, Wu J, Tan W. Developing and experimental validating a B cell exhaustion-related gene signature to assess prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in bladder cancer. Gene 2024; 927:148634. [PMID: 38848880 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cell exhaustion (BEX) refers to the impairment of normal B cell functions and decreased proliferation capability. However, the prognostic value of BEX-related genes in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. METHODS BLCA cases from TCGA were used for training, while GSE5287, GSE13507, GSE31684, and GSE32894 cohorts from GEO were used for external validation. BEX-related genes were identified through literature retrieval, unsupervised clustering, and genomic difference detection. Gene pairing, LASSO, random forest, and Cox regression were employed to construct a predictive model. B cell samples from scRNAseqDB, GSE111636, and IMvigor210 were utilized to explore immunoprofiles and the predictive ability of the model in immunotherapeutic response. Additionally, 21 pairs of BLCA and paracarcinoma samples from Nanfang Hospital were used to re-confirm our findings through RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. RESULTS 39 BEX-related genes were identified. A 4-gene-pair signature was constructed and served as a reliable prognostic predictor across multiple datasets (pooled HR = 2.32; 95 % CI = 1.81-2.98). The signature reflected the BEX statuses of B cells (FDR < 0.05) and showed promise in evaluating immunotherapeutic sensitivity (P < 0.001). In the local cohort, CD52, TUBB6, and CAV1 were down-regulated in BLCA tissues, while TGFBI, UBE2L6, TINAGL1, and IL32 were up-regulated (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the infiltration levels of CD19 + CD52 + and CD19 + TUBB6 + B cells in paracarcinoma samples were higher than those in BLCA samples (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A BEX-related gene signature was developed to predict prognosis and immunotherapeutic sensitivity in BLCA, providing valuable guidance for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shikai Deng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanchao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bahaerguli Muhuitijiang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiaxu Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Ma H, Yan QZ, Ma JR, Li DF, Yang JL. Overview of the immunological mechanisms in hepatitis B virus reactivation: Implications for disease progression and management strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1295-1312. [PMID: 38596493 PMCID: PMC11000084 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i10.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a clinically significant challenge in disease management. This review explores the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation, emphasizing disease progression and management. It delves into host immune responses and reactivation's delicate balance, spanning innate and adaptive immunity. Viral factors' disruption of this balance, as are interactions between viral antigens, immune cells, cytokine networks, and immune checkpoint pathways, are examined. Notably, the roles of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells are discussed, highlighting their influence on disease progression. HBV reactivation's impact on disease severity, hepatic flares, liver fibrosis progression, and hepatocellular carcinoma is detailed. Management strategies, including anti-viral and immunomodulatory approaches, are critically analyzed. The role of prophylactic anti-viral therapy during immunosuppressive treatments is explored alongside novel immunotherapeutic interventions to restore immune control and prevent reactivation. In conclusion, this comprehensive review furnishes a holistic view of the immunological mechanisms that propel HBV reactivation. With a dedicated focus on understanding its implications for disease progression and the prospects of efficient management strategies, this article contributes significantly to the knowledge base. The more profound insights into the intricate interactions between viral elements and the immune system will inform evidence-based approaches, ultimately enhancing disease management and elevating patient outcomes. The dynamic landscape of management strategies is critically scrutinized, spanning anti-viral and immunomodulatory approaches. The role of prophylactic anti-viral therapy in preventing reactivation during immunosuppressive treatments and the potential of innovative immunotherapeutic interventions to restore immune control and proactively deter reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qing-Zhu Yan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jing-Ru Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Dong-Fu Li
- Digestive Diseases Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun-Ling Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
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Xie X, Zhang J, Wang Y, Shi W, Tang R, Tang Q, Sun S, Wu R, Xu S, Wang M, Liang X, Cui L. Nanomaterials augmented bioeffects of ultrasound in cancer immunotherapy. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100926. [PMID: 38179429 PMCID: PMC10765306 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy as a milestone in cancer treatment has made great strides in the past decade, but it is still limited by low immune response rates and immune-related adverse events. Utilizing bioeffects of ultrasound to enhance tumor immunotherapy has attracted more and more attention, including sonothermal, sonomechanical, sonodynamic and sonopiezoelectric immunotherapy. Moreover, the emergence of nanomaterials has further improved the efficacy of ultrasound mediated immunotherapy. However, most of the summaries in this field are about a single aspect of the biological effects of ultrasound, which is not comprehensive and complete currently. This review proposes the recent progress of nanomaterials augmented bioeffects of ultrasound in cancer immunotherapy. The concept of immunotherapy and the application of bioeffects of ultrasound in cancer immunotherapy are initially introduced. Then, according to different bioeffects of ultrasound, the representative paradigms of nanomaterial augmented sono-immunotherapy are described, and their mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the challenges and application prospects of nanomaterial augmented ultrasound mediated cancer immunotherapy are discussed in depth, hoping to pave the way for cancer immunotherapy and promote the clinical translation of ultrasound mediated cancer immunotherapy through the reasonable combination of nanomaterials augmented ultrasonic bioeffects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Wanrui Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Qingshuang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Suhui Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqi Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Mengxin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ligang Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
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