Ren X, Su W, Li S, Zhao T, Huang Q, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Wei J. Immunogenicity and Therapeutic Efficacy of a Sendai-Virus-Vectored HSV-2 Vaccine in Mouse and Guinea Pig Models.
Vaccines (Basel) 2023;
11:1752. [PMID:
38140157 PMCID:
PMC10747028 DOI:
10.3390/vaccines11121752]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
To date, there is no licensed vaccine for preventing herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The current treatment to address the infection and prevent its transmission is not always satisfactory.
METHODS
We constructed two recombinant vectors, one encoding HSV-2 glycoprotein D (gD, SeV-dF/HSV-2-gD) and one encoding HSV-2-infected cell protein 27 (ICP27, SeV-dF/HSV-2-ICP27), based on a replication-defective Sendai virus through reverse genetics, collectively comprising a combinatorial HSV-2 therapeutic vaccine candidate. The immunogenicity and proper immunization procedure for this vaccine were explored in a murine model. The therapeutic effect that helps prevent recurrent HSV-2 disease was evaluated in HSV-2-infected guinea pigs.
RESULTS
Both a robust humoral immune response and a cellular immune response, characterized by the neutralizing antibody titer and the IFN-γ level, respectively, were elicited in BALB/c mice. A further study of cellular immunogenicity in mice revealed that T lymphocytes were successfully enhanced with the desirable secretion of several cytokines. In HSV-2-seropositive guinea pigs, vaccination could reduce the severity of HSV-2 in terms of recurrent lesions, duration of recurrent outbreak, and frequency of recurrence by 58.66%, 45.34%, and 45.09%, respectively, while viral shedding was also significantly inhibited in the vaccine-treated group compared to the group treated with phosphate-buffered saline.
CONCLUSIONS
The replication-defective recombinant Sendai viruses conveying HSV-2-gD and ICP27 proteins showed great immunogenicity and potential for preventing recurrent HSV-2 disease.
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