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Nelson BE, Tsimberidou AM, Fu X, Fu S, Subbiah V, Sood AK, Rodon J, Karp DD, Blumenschein G, Kopetz S, Pant S, Piha-Paul SA. A Phase I Trial of Bevacizumab and Temsirolimus in Combination With Valproic Acid in Advanced Solid Tumors. Oncologist 2023; 28:1100-e1292. [PMID: 37311055 PMCID: PMC10712705 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical models suggest synergy between anti-angiogenesis therapy, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and histone deacetylase inhibitors to promote anticancer activity. METHODS This phase I study enrolled 47 patients between April 2012 and 2018 and determined safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) when combining bevacizumab, temsirolimus, and valproic acid in patients with advanced cancer. RESULTS Median age of enrolled patients was 56 years. Patients were heavily pretreated with a median of 4 lines of prior therapy. Forty-five patients (95.7%) experienced one or more treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Grade 3 TRAEs were lymphopenia (14.9%), thrombocytopenia (8.5%), and mucositis (6.4%). Grade 4 TRAEs included lymphopenia (2.1%) and CNS cerebrovascular ischemia (2.1%). Six patients developed DLTs across 10 dose levels with grade 3 infection, rash, mucositis, bowel perforation, elevated lipase, and grade 4 cerebrovascular ischemia. The MTD was dose level 9 (bevacizumab 5 mg/kg days 1 and 15 intravenously (IV) plus temsirolimus 25 mg days 1, 8, 15, and 22 IV and valproic acid 5 mg/kg on days 1-7 and 15-21 per orally (PO)). Objective response rate (ORR) was 7.9% with confirmed partial response (PRs) in 3 patients (one each in parotid gland, ovarian, and vaginal cancers). Stable disease (SD) ≥+6 months was seen in 5 patients (13.1%). Clinical benefit state (CBR: PR + SD ≥+6 months) was 21%. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with bevacizumab, temsirolimus, and valproic acid was feasible, but there were numerous toxicities, which will require careful management for future clinical development (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01552434).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessie Elizabeth Nelson
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Apostolia M Tsimberidou
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xueyao Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siqing Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jordi Rodon
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel D Karp
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Blumenschein
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shubham Pant
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarina A Piha-Paul
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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2
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Tang B, Ma W, Lin Y. Emerging applications of anti-angiogenic nanomaterials in oncotherapy. J Control Release 2023; 364:61-78. [PMID: 37871753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of generating new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. Under normal conditions, this process is delicately controlled by pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Tumor cells can produce plentiful pro-angiogenic molecules promoting pathological angiogenesis for uncontrollable growth. Therefore, anti-angiogenic therapy, which aims to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, has become an attractive approach for oncotherapy. However, classic anti-angiogenic agents have several limitations in clinical use, such as lack of specific targeting, low bioavailability, and poor therapeutic outcomes. Hence, alternative angiogenic inhibitors are highly desired. With the emergence of nanotechnology, various nanomaterials have been designed for anti-angiogenesis purposes, offering promising features like excellent targeting capabilities, reduced side effects, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe tumor vascular features, discuss current dilemma of traditional anti-angiogenic medicines in oncotherapy, and underline the potential of nanomaterials in tumor anti-angiogenic therapy. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges of anti-angiogenic cancer treatment. We expect that this summary of anti-angiogenic nanomaterials in oncotherapy will offer valuable insights, facilitating their extensive applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Mao X, Wang G, Wang Z, Duan C, Wu X, Xu H. Theranostic Lipid Nanoparticles for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Adv Mater 2023:e2306246. [PMID: 37747365 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common urological malignancy and represents a leading threat to healthcare. Recent years have seen a series of progresses in the early diagnosis and management of RCC. Theranostic lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are increasingly becoming one of the focuses in this field, because of their suitability for tumor targeting and multimodal therapy. LNPs can be precisely fabricated with desirable chemical compositions and biomedical properties, which closely match the physiological characteristics and clinical needs of RCC. Herein, a comprehensive review of theranostic LNPs is presented, emphasizing the generic tool nature of LNPs in developing advanced micro-nano biomaterials. It begins with a brief overview of the compositions and formation mechanism of LNPs, followed with an introduction to kidney-targeting approaches, such as passive, active, and stimulus responsive targeting. With examples provided, a series of modification strategies for enhancing the tumor targeting and functionality of LNPs are discussed. Thereafter, research advances on applications of these LNPs for RCC including bioimaging, liquid biopsy, drug delivery, physical therapy, and gene therapy are summarized and discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective. The final part highlights the milestone achievements of translation medicine, current challenges as well as future development directions of LNPs for the diagnosis and treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongmin Mao
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guanyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chen Duan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Kuehn S, Scariot R, Elsalanty M. Medication-Related Osteonecrosis: Why the Jawbone? Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:109. [PMID: 37232760 PMCID: PMC10217310 DOI: 10.3390/dj11050109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has emerged as a complication of anti-resorptive medications. Despite its low incidence rate, this problem has gained attention in recent years due to its devastating consequences and lack of preventive strategy. The fact that MRONJ incidence has been exclusive to the jawbones, despite the systemic effect of anti-resorptive medications, could be a starting point to unravel the multifactorial pathogenesis of this condition. This review aims to negotiate the question of why the jawbone is more susceptible to MRONJ than other skeletal sites. Approaching the problem from this perspective could provide new directions for the prevention of MRONJ and expand our understanding of the unique oral microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Kuehn
- Department of Medical Anatomical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil
| | - Mohammed Elsalanty
- Department of Medical Anatomical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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Kung ML, Huang ST, Tsai KW, Chu TH, Hsieh S. Nanosized zingerone-triggered anti-angiogenesis contributes to tumor suppression in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Okikawa S, Morine Y, Saito Y, Yamada S, Tokuda K, Teraoku H, Miyazaki K, Yamashita S, Ikemoto T, Imura S, Shimada M. Inhibition of the VEGF signaling pathway attenuates tumor‑associated macrophage activity in liver cancer. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:71. [PMID: 35169858 PMCID: PMC8867251 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophage (TAMs) are paramount for tumor progression and immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment of various types of cancer, including liver cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition on TAM polarization and function during their interactions with macrophages and liver cancer cells. TAMs were induced by culturing M0 macrophages with cancer cell-conditioned medium. TAMs cultured with cancer cell-conditioned medium and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor were defined as modified TAMs, and the expression levels of TAM-associated markers and VEGF receptor 2 were evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effects of TAMs and modified TAMs on cancer cell proliferation and migration were investigated using conditioned medium. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) mRNA expression in modified TAMs and cancer cells cultured in modified TAM-conditioned medium (TAM-CM) for 48 h was examined using RT-qPCR. In order to investigate signaling pathways in macrophages, western blot analysis was performed. CD163 and CD206 and M2 macrophage marker expression was upregulated in TAMs and modified TAMs. Modified TAM-CM exhibited a decreased ability to promote cancer cell proliferation and migration in comparison with the use of TAM-CM. The VEGF concentration was significantly higher in the TAMs than in M0 macrophages; however, the modified TAMs displayed a significantly lower VEGF secretion than TAMs. PD-L1 expression was decreased in modified TAMs as compared with TAMs. Western blot analysis revealed that the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was significantly suppressed in the modified TAMs compared with TAMs. It was observed that TAMs cultured in a VEGF-depleted environment displayed lower secretion levels of cytokines involved in tumor progression and a decreased immune tolerance-inducing ability. On the whole, the results of the present study suggested that VEGF inhibition in TAMs may be a potential therapeutic target for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Okikawa
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tokuda
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoku
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Katsuki Miyazaki
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Satoru Imura
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770‑8503, Japan
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Chen Y, Gao X, Gupta R, Ma J, Dere R, Liang D, Xie H. Development and Validation of an LC-MS/MS Method for AC1LPSZG and Pharmacokinetics Application in Rats. J Chromatogr Sci 2022; 60:26-34. [PMID: 33667297 PMCID: PMC8742608 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Promising preliminary clinical data have stimulated research on the use of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors in lung cancer. AC1LPSZG is an mTOR inhibitor that can significantly reduce the viability in lung adenosquamous carcinoma cell line HTB-178 cells, showing potential benefits in effective control of non-small cell lung carcinomas. In this study, a sensitive LC-MS/MS analytical method for quantification of AC1LPSZG has been developed and optimized to a running time of 3 min per sample. A linear dose-response for quantification was observed over the range of 10-5000 ng/mL in rat plasma with required precision and accuracy. High extraction recovery was achieved in the ranges of 86.87-102.51% at QC levels from rat plasma without significant matrix effect. Stability profile of AC1LPSZG in rat plasma and in extract after protein precipitation suggested that samples should be processed within 6 h after collection and stored at -80 °C until analysis within 30 days. The method was successfully applied to plasma pharmacokinetics (PK) study of AC1LPSZG in rat, showing the plasma drug concentration followed a two-compartment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiuqing Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruhee Dere
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huan Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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Adhikari K, Dolma S, Mamidi T, Roy A, Pathak Z, Kumar H. Tomographic Imaging and Correlation to Quantify Vascular and Inflammatory Changes in an Experimental Spinal Cord Injury. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3864-3872. [PMID: 34628864 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition causing the loss of sensory and motor functions. SCI pathology is multifaceted, encompassing inflammation, scarring, neuronal damage, and vascular and tissue remodeling. The dynamics of SCI rapidly transform from acute, sub-acute, and chronic phases. The rapidly changing environment necessitates the real-time monitoring of disease severity. Therefore, in this study, we used the IVIS spectrum, a noninvasive fluorescence imaging modality, to monitor the disease pathology in live animals. We used near-infrared fluorescence imaging agents including Angiosense 750 EX, a probe that detects vascular changes, and Cat B 680 FAST, a probe that detects inflammation at various day points post injury (DPI), that is, DPI-1, DPI-14, and DPI-28. We quantified the pathophysiological changes after SCI using IVIS in live animals. As a result, we observed distinct differences in the disease progression between injured and sham mice. Moreover, live imaging showed a good correlation with behavioral studies, protein expression, and immunohistological analysis. Hence, the goal of this study was to introduce a new optical imaging modality that offers a determination of disease severity and the advantage of accelerated imaging of the correlated biomarkers in a real-time and dynamic manner. This study concluded that Cat B 680 Fast and Angiosense 750 EX could be used to assess the disease severity after SCI. Furthermore, our study suggests that the noninvasive fluorescence optical imaging modality offers a unique approach in monitoring neuroinflammatory diseases in live animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Adhikari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sonam Dolma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Teena Mamidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Abhishek Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Zarna Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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Hoff U, Markmann D, Nieminen-Kelhä M, Budde K, Hegner B. Low-dose rapamycin does not impair vascular integrity and tubular regeneration after kidney transplantation in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16270. [PMID: 34381142 PMCID: PMC8358014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
mTOR inhibitors offer advantages after kidney transplantation including antiviral and antitumor activity besides facilitating low calcineurin inhibitor exposure to reduce nephrotoxicity. Concerns about adverse effects due to antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties have limited their clinical use particularly early after transplantation. Interference with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, important for physiologic functioning of renal endothelial cells and tubular epithelium, has been implicated in detrimental renal effects of mTOR inhibitors. Low doses of Rapamycin (loading dose 3 mg/kg bodyweight, daily doses 1.5 mg/kg bodyweight) were administered in an allogenic rat kidney transplantation model resulting in a mean through concentration of 4.30 ng/mL. Glomerular and peritubular capillaries, tubular cell proliferation, or functional recovery from preservation/reperfusion injury were not compromised in comparison to vehicle treated animals. VEGF-A, VEGF receptor 2, and the co-receptor Neuropilin-1 were upregulated by Rapamycin within 7 days. Rat proximal tubular cells (RPTC) responded in vitro to hypoxia with increased VEGF-A and VEGF-R1 expression that was not suppressed by Rapamycin at therapeutic concentrations. Rapamycin did not impair proliferation of RPTC under hypoxic conditions. Low-dose Rapamycin early posttransplant does not negatively influence the VEGF network crucial for recovery from preservation/reperfusion injury. Enhancement of VEGF signaling peritransplant holds potential to further improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Hoff
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Markmann
- Nieren- und Dialysezentrum Schöneberg-Tempelhof, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melina Nieminen-Kelhä
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Hegner
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
- Vitanas Hospital for Geriatric Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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Rothenberger R, Jones W, MacNeill C. Itraconazole Improves Vulvodynia in Fungus Culture-Negative Patients Post Fluconazole Failure. Sex Med 2021; 9:100383. [PMID: 34246854 PMCID: PMC8360923 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vulvodynia is a difficult condition to treat due to both the uncertain etiology of the disorder and poorly available therapies. This difficulty leads to a disproportionately high prevalence and cost of treatment for this condition. Candida vulvovaginitis is a frequent co-present diagnosis in vulvodynia patients. Whether through treatment of co-present, candida vulvovaginitis or by systemic interaction, itraconazole has been proposed as a treatment for vulvodynia. Aim To describe objective change in vulvodynia pain in a cohort of patients treated with itraconazole. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study comprised of women diagnosed with vulvodynia who were treated with itraconazole between January 1, 2011 and October 17, 2017. Patients had failed fluconazole treatment and had negative fungus cultures for >2 months before itraconazole treatment. All other vulvovaginal disorders were excluded. Main outcome measure The main outcome measure was the change in pain before and after treatment as measured by cotton swab testing. Results 106 patients met inclusion criteria. Average pain reduction for the entire cohort was 60.7%. Patients who continued itraconazole for 5 to 8 weeks demonstrated a 69.6% reduction in cotton swab test pain. Pain reduction as a percentage of total patients showed complete resolution of pain in 37.7% of patients and >50% reduction in 66.0% of patients. Two-sample paired T-tests for means analysis of pain scores disproved the null hypothesis (P < .01, α = 0.01) and showed a 50% reduction in pain to be significant (P = 0.043, α = 0.05). Two-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test also demonstrated rejection of the null hypothesis (α = 0.05). Conclusions Itraconazole therapy is associated with a significant reduction in vulvovaginal pain in patients with negative fungus cultures and no other identifiable disease in this pilot study. A randomized placebo-controlled trial is warranted. Rothenberger R, Jones W, MacNeill C. Itraconazole Improves Vulvodynia in Fungus Culture-Negative Patients Post Fluconazole Failure. J Sex Med 2021;9:100383
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy Jones
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Colin MacNeill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Burlington, MA
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Yang F, Gong X, Faulkner D, Gao S, Yao R, Zhang Y, Intes X. Accelerating vasculature imaging in tumor using mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography via a hybrid reconstruction strategy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 562:29-35. [PMID: 34030042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesoscopic fluorescent molecular tomography (MFMT) enables to image fluorescent molecular probes beyond the typical depth limits of microscopic imaging and with enhanced resolution compared to macroscopic imaging. However, MFMT is a scattering-based inverse problem that is an ill-posed inverse problem and hence, requires relative complex iterative solvers coupled with regularization strategies. Inspired by the potential of deep learning in performing image formation tasks from raw measurements, this work proposes a hybrid approach to solve the MFMT inverse problem. This methodology combines a convolutional symmetric network and a conventional iterative algorithm to accelerate the reconstruction procedure. By the proposed deep neural network, the principal components of the sensitivity matrix are extracted and the accompanying noise in measurements is suppressed, which helps to accelerate the reconstruction and improve the accuracy of results. We apply the proposed method to reconstruct in silico and vascular tree models. The results demonstrate that reconstruction accuracy and speed are highly improved due to the reduction of redundant entries of the sensitivity matrix and noise suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugang Yang
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Xue Gong
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai, 264005, China.
| | - Denzel Faulkner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ruoyang Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Yanli Zhang
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Xavier Intes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
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12
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Oshiro H, Tome Y, Miyake K, Higuchi T, Sugisawa N, Kanaya F, Nishida K, Hoffman RM. An mTOR and VEGFR inhibitor combination arrests a doxorubicin resistant lung metastatic osteosarcoma in a PDOX mouse model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8583. [PMID: 33883561 PMCID: PMC8060249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to identify more effective therapy for recalcitrant osteosarcoma, we evaluated the efficacy of an mTOR-VEGFR inhibitor combination on tumor growth in a unique osteosarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model derived from the lung metastasis of an osteosarcoma patient who failed doxorubicin therapy. We also determined the efficacy of this inhibitor combination on angiogenesis using an in vivo Gelfoam fluorescence angiogenesis mouse model implanted with osteosarcoma patient-derived cells (OS-PDCs). PDOX models were randomly divided into five groups of seven nude mice. Group 1, control; Group 2, doxorubicin (DOX); Group 3, everolimus (EVE, an mTOR and VEGF inhibitor); Group 4, pazopanib (PAZ, a VEGFR inhibitor); Group 5, EVE-PAZ combination. Tumor volume and body weight were monitored 2 times a week. The in vivo Gelfoam fluorescence angiogenesis assay was performed with implanted OS-PDCs. The nude mice with implanted Gelfoam and OSPDCs also were divided into the four therapeutic groups and vessel length was monitored once a week. The EVE-PAZ combination suppressed tumor growth in the osteosarcoma PDOX model and decreased the vessel length ratio in the in vivo Gelfoam fluorescent angiogenesis model, compared with all other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant body-weight loss in any group. Only the EVE-PAZ combination caused tumor necrosis. The present study demonstrates that a combination of an mTOR-VEGF inhibitor and a VEGFR inhibitor was effective for a DOX-resistant lung-metastatic osteosarcoma PDOX mouse model, at least in part due to strong anti-angiogenesis efficacy of the combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Oshiro
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Yasunori Tome
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Miyake
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Norihiko Sugisawa
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Fuminori Kanaya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Kalla S, Ellis RJ, Campbell SB, Doucet B, Isbel N, Tie B, Jegatheesan D. Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated with Pazopanib in a Kidney Transplant Recipient. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2021; 8:25-31. [PMID: 33850692 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.v8i1.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is characterised by abnormalities in the walls of arterioles and capillaries, precipitated by hereditary or acquired characteristics, and culminating in microvascular thrombosis because of dysregulated complement activity. A number of drugs can precipitate TMA, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, because of their effects on endothelial repair. Pazopanib is a VEGF inhibitor used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); it is uncommonly associated with TMA. A 52-year-old male, 5 years post his second kidney transplant secondary to immunoglobulin (Ig) A nephropathy, presented with hypertension, fluid overload, and worsening graft function (peak creatinine 275 µmol/L, baseline 130–160 µmol/L) and nephrotic range proteinuria 2 months after commencing pazopanib for metastatic RCC. His maintenance immunosuppression included ciclosporin, mycophenolate, and prednisolone. Haematological parameters were unremarkable. Allograft biopsy demonstrated glomerular and arteriolar changes consistent with chronic active TMA, with overlying features of borderline cellular rejection. He was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone 250 mg for 3 days and commenced on irbesartan 75 mg daily. Drug-induced TMA from pazopanib was suspected, particularly given the documented association with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In consultation with his medical oncologist, pazopanib was ceased, and an alternate TKI cabozantinib was commenced. Serum creatinine remained <200 µmol/L 3 months after admission. This is the first reported biopsy-proven case of TMA attributed to pazopanib in a kidney transplant recipient. With increasing clinical indications for and availability of TKIs, clinicians need to be aware of their association with TMA events in kidney transplant recipients, who are already susceptible to TMA due to abnormal vasculature, infectious triggers, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, and use of calcineurin inhibitor.
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Huang XL, Khan MI, Wang J, Ali R, Ali SW, Zahra QUA, Kazmi A, Lolai A, Huang YL, Hussain A, Bilal M, Li F, Qiu B. Role of receptor tyrosine kinases mediated signal transduction pathways in tumor growth and angiogenesis-New insight and futuristic vision. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:739-752. [PMID: 33737188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the past two decades towards the understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying cancer growth and angiogenesis. In this context, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a pivotal role in cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis, all of which contribute to tumor growth and progression. Mutations in RTKs lead to abnormal signal transductions in several pathways such as Ras-Raf, MEK-MAPK, PI3K-AKT and mTOR pathways, affecting a wide range of biological functions including cell proliferation, survival, migration and vascular permeability. Increasing evidence demonstrates that multiple kinases are involved in angiogenesis including RTKs such as vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, nerve growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, Hepatocyte Growth factor, Tie 1 & 2, Tek, Flt-3, Flt-4 and Eph receptors. Overactivation of RTKs and its downstream regulation is implicated in tumor initiation and angiogenesis, representing one of the hallmarks of cancer. This review discusses the role of RTKs, PI3K, and mTOR, their involvement, and their implication in pro-oncogenic cellular processes and angiogenesis with effective approaches and newly approved drugs to inhibit their unrestrained action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin Huang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Rizwan Ali
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Syed Wajahat Ali
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qurat-Ul-Ain Zahra
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Ahsan Kazmi
- Department of Pathology, Al-Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan
| | - Arbelo Lolai
- School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yu Lin Huang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Alamdar Hussain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Huddinge, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Chak Shahzad Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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15
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Faes S, Demartines N, Dormond O. Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Potential, Limitations, and Perspectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:636037. [PMID: 33791295 PMCID: PMC8005589 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.636037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several elements highlight the importance of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). mTOR signaling pathway is indeed frequently activated in RCC, inducing cancer cell proliferation and survival. In addition, mTOR promotes tumor angiogenesis and regulates the expression of hypoxia-inducible factors that play an important role in a subset of RCC. Despite mTOR protumorigenic effects, mTOR inhibitors have failed to provide long-lasting anticancer benefits in RCC patients, highlighting the need to readdress their role in the treatment of RCC. This review aims to present the rationale and limitations of targeting mTOR in RCC. Future roles of mTOR inhibitors in the treatment of RCC are also discussed, in particular in the context of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraina Faes
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Demartines
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Dormond
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Turnock S, Turton DR, Martins CD, Chesler L, Wilson TC, Gouverneur V, Smith G, Kramer-Marek G. 18F-meta-fluorobenzylguanidine ( 18F-mFBG) to monitor changes in norepinephrine transporter expression in response to therapeutic intervention in neuroblastoma models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20918. [PMID: 33262374 PMCID: PMC7708446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted radiotherapy with 131I-mIBG, a substrate of the human norepinephrine transporter (NET-1), shows promising responses in heavily pre-treated neuroblastoma (NB) patients. Combinatorial approaches that enhance 131I-mIBG tumour uptake are of substantial clinical interest but biomarkers of response are needed. Here, we investigate the potential of 18F-mFBG, a positron emission tomography (PET) analogue of the 123I-mIBG radiotracer, to quantify NET-1 expression levels in mouse models of NB following treatment with AZD2014, a dual mTOR inhibitor. The response to AZD2014 treatment was evaluated in MYCN amplified NB cell lines (Kelly and SK-N-BE(2)C) by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry. PET quantification of 18F-mFBG uptake post-treatment in vivo was performed, and data correlated with NET-1 protein levels measured ex vivo. Following 72 h AZD2014 treatment, in vitro WB analysis indicated decreased mTOR signalling and enhanced NET-1 expression in both cell lines, and 18F-mFBG revealed a concentration-dependent increase in NET-1 function. AZD2014 treatment failed however to inhibit mTOR signalling in vivo and did not significantly modulate intratumoural NET-1 activity. Image analysis of 18F-mFBG PET data showed correlation to tumour NET-1 protein expression, while further studies are needed to elucidate whether NET-1 upregulation induced by blocking mTOR might be a useful adjunct to 131I-mIBG therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Turnock
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - David R Turton
- PET Radiochemistry, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Carlos Daniel Martins
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Thomas C Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Graham Smith
- PET Radiochemistry, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Gabriela Kramer-Marek
- Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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17
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Gluskin J, Plodkowski A, Girshman J, Sarasohn D, Viteri-Jusué A, Hayan S, Torrisi J. Waxing and waning pattern of mTOR inhibitor-associated pneumonitis in renal cell carcinoma patients: A retrospective observational study. Clin Imaging 2021; 71:29-33. [PMID: 33171363 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE mTOR inhibitor-associated pneumonitis is common and often asymptomatic. We describe a waxing and waning pattern of pneumonitis observed on computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with renal cell carcinoma who were being treated with mTOR inhibitor molecular targeted therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved retrospective single-institution study, 25 renal cell carcinoma patients were identified who received single-therapy temsirolimus or everolimus between January 2011 and June 2015 and who had chest CT scans available for review both before and after initiation of mTOR inhibitor treatment. A detailed review of the electronic medical record and serial chest CT examinations was performed. RESULTS Radiologic findings compatible with pneumonitis were identified in 13/25 (52%) patients on mTOR inhibitors in our study. Of the patients with CT findings of pneumonitis, 8/13 (62%) demonstrated a waxing and waning pattern; of whom 7 had clinical symptoms of pneumonitis. Of the 17 patients who received temsirolimus, 9/17 (53%) developed radiologic findings compatible with pneumonitis and 4/9 (44%) developed a waxing and waning pattern. Of the 8 patients who received everolimus, 4/8 (50%) had radiologic findings compatible with pneumonitis and 4/4 (100%) developed a waxing and waning pattern. CONCLUSION Waxing and waning is an unrecognized pattern of mTOR inhibitor-associated pneumonitis. Recognition of this pattern will promote clinical-radiologic concordance and may facilitate patient management.
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18
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Wetz C, Rogasch J, Genseke P, Schatka I, Furth C, Kreissl M, Jann H, Venerito M, Amthauer H. Asphericity of Somatostatin Receptor Expression in Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Innovative Predictor of Outcome in Everolimus Treatment? Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E732. [PMID: 32971877 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET), the mTOR inhibitor everolimus is associated with significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS). This study evaluated the lesional asphericity (ASP) in pretherapeutic somatostatin receptor (SSR) imaging as the first imaging-based prognostic marker for PFS. Methods: this retrospective bicentric cohort study included 30 patients (f = 13, median age, 66.5 (48–81) years) with pretherapeutic [111In-DTPA0]octreotide scintigraphy (Octreoscan®). ASP of functional volumes of up to three leading lesions per patient (n = 74) was calculated after semiautomatic, background-adapted segmentation. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression regarding PFS for clinical factors and the maximum ASP per patient was obtained. Results: all 30 patients showed metachronous or progressive liver metastases. ASP, primary tumor site, metastases pattern, and prior peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) were significantly associated with PFS in univariable Cox regression. Only ASP > 12.9% (hazard ratio (HR), 3.33; p = 0.024) and prior PRRT (HR, 0.35; p = 0.043) remained significant in multivariable Cox. Median PFS was 6.7 months for ASP > 12.9% (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.1–11.4 months) versus 14.4 (12.5–16.3) months for ASP ≤ 12.9% (log-rank, p = 0.028). Conclusion: pretherapeutic ASP of SSR positive lesions independently predicted PFS for treatment with everolimus in GEP-NET. ASP may supplement risk-benefit assessment before patient inclusion to treatment.
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Tsuji-Tamura K, Sato M, Fujita M, Tamura M. The role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in dose-dependent biphasic effects of glycine on vascular development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:596-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Montemagno C, Pagès G. Resistance to Anti-angiogenic Therapies: A Mechanism Depending on the Time of Exposure to the Drugs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:584. [PMID: 32775327 PMCID: PMC7381352 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting one, represents a critical process for oxygen and nutrient supply to proliferating cells, therefore promoting tumor growth and metastasis. The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway is one of the key mediators of angiogenesis in cancer. Therefore, several therapies including monoclonal antibodies or tyrosine kinase inhibitors target this axis. Although preclinical studies demonstrated strong antitumor activity, clinical studies were disappointing. Antiangiogenic drugs, used to treat metastatic patients suffering of different types of cancers, prolonged survival to different extents but are not curative. In this review, we focused on different mechanisms involved in resistance to antiangiogenic therapies from early stage resistance involving mainly tumor cells to late stages related to the adaptation of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Montemagno
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco.,CNRS UMR 7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco.,CNRS UMR 7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
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21
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Liu W, Zhang C, Wang L, Huang X, Zhang J, He Y, Chen L, Li J. Successful reversal of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a mouse model by rapamycin, an mTOR pathway inhibitor. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 25:445-457. [PMID: 31329230 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially life-threatening, iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction technology. This complex syndrome is characterised by enlarged ovaries with multiple corpora luteum, elevated sex steroid hormones in serum and increased capillary permeability. Until now, the pathogenesis of OHSS remains obscure, and no absolute strategy can fully prevent OHSS without any side effect on ovulation and clinical pregnancy. Using cultured human or mouse granulosa cells, our study revealed the time-dependent activation of the mTOR signaling pathway after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment. The involvement of the mTOR signaling pathway was also observed in the development of OHSS in a mouse model. Selectively inhibiting mTOR signals by only two injections of rapamycin (2 mg/kg body weight), before or just after hCG treatment, significantly reduced vascular leakage and the severity of OHSS symptoms. Although ovarian angiogenesis was significantly inhibited, rapamycin could not decrease the elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, IL-6 and IL-11 in OHSS ovaries. Further study showed the functional roles of the mTOR signaling pathway in the hyperstimulation-induced ovarian extracellular matrix remodeling as the expression of α2M, a broad proteolytic inhibitor in both ovary and serum, was dramatically decreased after rapamycin treatment. Since a single injection of rapamycin during superovulation had no side effects on ovulation and early embryonic development, we propose rapamycin may be a good candidate to lower and prevent the risk of OHSS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Reproductive Medical Center of Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yuanlin He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Li Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center of Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Rausch M, Weiss A, Achkhanian J, Rotari A, Nowak-Sliwinska P. Identification of low-dose multidrug combinations for sunitinib-naive and pre-treated renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:556-67. [PMID: 32439932 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Combinations of drugs can improve the efficacy of cancer treatment, enable the reduction of side effects and the occurrence of acquired drug resistance. Methods We approached this challenge mathematically by using the validated technology called the Therapeutically Guided Multidrug Optimization (TGMO) method. In a set of genetically distinct human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines, either treated chronically with sunitinib (−ST) or sunitinib-naive, we identified cell line-specific low-dose-optimised drug combinations (ODC). Results Six cell-type-specific low-dose drug combinations for three sunitinib-naive as well as three sunitinib pre-treated cells were established. These ODCs effectively inhibited the RCC cell metabolic activity while being ineffective in non-cancerous cells. Based on a single screening test and three searches, starting with ten drugs, we identified highly efficacious drug mixtures containing four drugs. All ODCs contained AZD4547 (FGFR signalling pathway inhibitor) and pictilisib (pan-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor), but varied in the third and fourth drug. ODC treatment significantly decreased cell metabolic activity (up to 70%) and induced apoptosis, independent of the pretreatment with sunitinib. The ODCs outperformed sunitinib, the standard care for RCC. Moreover, short-term starvation potentiated the ODC activity. The translation of the 2D-based results to 3D heterotypic co-culture models revealed significant inhibition of the spheroid growth (up to 95%). Conclusion We demonstrate a promising low-dose drug combination development to obtain drug combinations effective in naive as well as resistant tumours. Nevertheless, we emphasise the need for further mechanistic investigation and preclinical development.
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O'Brien K, Saravanabavan S, Zhang JQJ, Wong ATY, Munt A, Burgess JS, Rangan GK. Regression of Peritubular Capillaries Coincides with Angiogenesis and Renal Cyst Growth in Experimental Polycystic Kidney Disease. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2020; 13:53-64. [PMID: 32280260 PMCID: PMC7132028 DOI: 10.2147/ijnrd.s238767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim The natural history of the renal microvasculature changes in PKD is not known. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that angiogenesis is coupled with kidney cyst expansion, and the loss of peritubular capillary networks precedes the onset of interstitial fibrosis. Methods The renal microvasculature (RECA-1 and CD34) was evaluated in groups of Lewis polycystic kidney (LPK) rats and juvenile cystic kidney (jck) mice during the early, mid and late stage of disease. In addition, LPK rats and jck mice received sirolimus to determine if the reduction in renal cyst growth is in part mediated by the suppression of angiogenesis. Results In LPK rats, the loss of peritubular capillaries occurred in early-stage disease and paralleled cyst formation whereas in jck mice it was delayed to the mid stage. In both models, vasa recta were displaced by growing cysts and regressed in LPK rats with disease progression but lengthened in jck mice. Cortical and medullary capillary neoangiogenesis occurred during the early stage in both models and persisted with progression. Treatment with sirolimus reduced cyst enlargement but did not alter the progression of renal microvasculature changes in either model. Conclusion Regression of peritubular capillaries and disruption of vasa recta occur in parallel with angiogenesis and the progressive enlargement of kidney cysts. These data suggest that the regrowth of peritubular capillaries together with inhibition of angiogenesis are potential strategies to be considered in the treatment of PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristal O'Brien
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sayanthooran Saravanabavan
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Q J Zhang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annette T Y Wong
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra Munt
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane S Burgess
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gopala K Rangan
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Bazzichetto C, Conciatori F, Falcone I, Ciuffreda L. Translational Landscape of mTOR Signaling in Integrating Cues Between Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020; 1223:69-80. [PMID: 32030685 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) represents a critical hub for the regulation of different processes in both normal and tumor cells. Furthermore, it is now well established the role of mTOR in integrating and shaping different environmental paracrine and autocrine stimuli in tumor microenvironment (TME) constituents. Recently, further efforts have been employed to understand how the mTOR signal transduction mechanisms modulate the sensitivity and resistance to targeted therapies, also for its involvement of mTOR also in modulating angiogenesis and tumor immunity. Indeed, interest in mTOR targeting was increased to improve immune response against cancer and to develop new long-term efficacy strategies, as demonstrated by clinical success of mTOR and immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations. In this chapter, we will describe the role of mTOR in modulating TME elements and the implication in its targeting as a great promise in clinical trials.
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25
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Eguia A, Bagán-Debón L, Cardona F. Review and update on drugs related to the development of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e71-e83. [PMID: 31880288 PMCID: PMC6982985 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare, but serious adverse effect of certain drugs, of which bisphosphonates are the most widely known. This pathology is also associated with other medications such as the biologic antiresorptive agent, denosumab and some antiangiogenics such as sunitinib, bevacizumab or aflibercept. Very recently, new medications have also been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). The objectives were to update the list of medications associated with ONJ, to analyze the fundamental aspects of this list and to describe the level of evidence available.
Material and Methods A narrative bibliographic review was made, using the PubMed-MedLine, DOAJ and SCIELO databases. Additional information was obtained through the online Medication Information Centre of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS – CIMA), the websites of the US Food & Drugs Administration (Drugs@FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
Results The latest drugs identified as potential facilitators of this pathology include a number of anti-VEGF based antiangiogenic drugs and anti-TKI and different types of immunomodulators. Neither the level of evidence in this association nor the risk are equal for all these drugs. On the other hand, over the coming years, new drugs will be marketed with similar action mechanisms to those that are recognized as having this adverse effect.
Conclusions No effective therapy is currently known for the treatment of ONJ. Therefore, in order to prevent new cases of MRONJ, it is essential for all oral healthcare professionals to be fully up-to-date with the etiopathogenic aspects of this pathology and to be aware of those drugs considered to be a risk. Key words:Osteonecrosis of the jaw, MRONJ, bisphosphonates, antiresorptives, antiangiogenics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eguia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Apartado 699, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
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Pal K, Madamsetty VS, Dutta SK, Wang E, Angom RS, Mukhopadhyay D. Synchronous inhibition of mTOR and VEGF/NRP1 axis impedes tumor growth and metastasis in renal cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2019; 3:31. [PMID: 31840081 PMCID: PMC6895165 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-019-0105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is known for its highly vascular phenotype which is associated with elevated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF), also known as vascular permeability factor (VPF). Accordingly, VEGF has been an attractive target for antiangiogenic therapies in ccRCC. Two major strategies have hitherto been utilized for VEGF-targeted antiangiogenic therapies: targeting VEGF by antibodies, ligand traps or aptamers, and targeting the VEGF receptor signaling via antibodies or small-molecule tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In the present article we utilized two entirely different approaches: targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway that is known to be involved in VEGF synthesis, and disruption of VEGF/Neuroplin-1 (NRP1) axis that is known to activate proangiogenic and pro-tumorigenic signaling in endothelial and tumor cells, respectively. Everolimus (E) and a small-molecule inhibitor EG00229 (G) were used for the inhibition of mTOR and the disruption of VEGF/NRP1 axis, respectively. We also exploited a liposomal formulation decorated with a proprietary tumor-targeting-peptide (TTP) to simultaneously deliver these two agents in a tumor-targeted manner. The TTP-liposomes encapsulating both Everolimus and EG00229 (EG-L) demonstrated higher in vitro and in vivo growth retardation than the single drug-loaded liposomes (E-L and G-L) in two different ccRCC models and led to a noticeable reduction in lung metastasis in vivo. In addition, EG-L displayed remarkable inhibition of tumor growth in a highly aggressive syngeneic immune-competent mouse model of ccRCC developed in Balb/c mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates an effective approach to achieve improved therapeutic outcome in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Vijay Sagar Madamsetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Shamit Kumar Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Enfeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Ramcharan Singh Angom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
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Fakhri S, Abbaszadeh F, Jorjani M, Pourgholami MH. The effects of anticancer medicinal herbs on vascular endothelial growth factor based on pharmacological aspects: a review study. Nutr Cancer 2019; 73:1-15. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1673451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Jorjani
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen Z, Yang H, Li Z, Xia Q, Nie Y. Temsirolimus as a dual inhibitor of retinoblastoma and angiogenesis via targeting mTOR signalling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:726-732. [PMID: 31253398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Temsirolimus, a FDA-approved anticancer drug with efficacy in certain solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, is a potent mTOR inhibitor. In this work, we are the first to provide preclinical evidence that temsirolimus is an attractive candidate for retinoblastoma treatment as a dual inhibitor of retinoblastoma and angiogenesis. We show that temsirolimus selectively inhibits growth, survival and migration of retinoblastoma cells while sparing normal retinal and fibroblast cells, with IC50 value that is within the clinically achievable range. Temsirolimus potently inhibits retinal angiogenesis via targeting biological functions of retinal endothelial cells. Our mechanism analysis demonstrates that temsirolimus inhibits retinoblastoma and angiogenesis via suppressing mTOR signalling and secretion of proangiogenic cytokines. In line with in vitro data, we further demonstrate the inhibitory effects of temsirolimus on retinoblastoma and angiogenesis in in vivo xenograft mouse model. Our findings provide a preclinical rationale to explore temsirolimus as a strategy to treat retinoblastoma and highlight the therapeutic value of targeting mTOR in retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxia Yang
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China, 430060
| | - Qinyun Xia
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Nie
- The Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
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Lunova M, Smolková B, Lynnyk A, Uzhytchak M, Jirsa M, Kubinová Š, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Targeting the mTOR Signaling Pathway Utilizing Nanoparticles: A Critical Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E82. [PMID: 30642006 PMCID: PMC6356373 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling axis are overexpressed or mutated in cancers. However, clinical inhibition of mTOR signaling as a therapeutic strategy in oncology shows rather limited progress. Nanoparticle-based mTOR targeted therapy proposes an attractive therapeutic option for various types of cancers. Along with the progress in the biomedical applications of nanoparticles, we start to realize the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. Here, we critically analyze the current literature on the modulation of mTOR activity by nanoparticles, demonstrate the complexity of cellular responses to functionalized nanoparticles, and underline challenges lying in the identification of the molecular mechanisms of mTOR signaling affected by nanoparticles. We propose the idea that subcytotoxic doses of nanoparticles could be relevant for the induction of subcellular structural changes with possible involvement of mTORC1 signaling. The evaluation of the mechanisms and therapeutic effects of nanoparticle-based mTOR modulation will provide fundamental knowledge which could help in developing safe and efficient nano-therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Lunova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Lynnyk
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.
| | - Šárka Kubinová
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic.
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
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Chantarasrivong C, Higuchi Y, Tsuda M, Yamane Y, Hashida M, Konishi M, Komura N, Ando H, Yamashita F. Sialyl LewisX mimic-decorated liposomes for anti-angiogenic everolimus delivery to E-selectin expressing endothelial cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20518-20527. [PMID: 35515515 PMCID: PMC9065773 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01943j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed novel E-selectin-targeting liposomes, i.e., 3′-(1-carboxy)ethyl sialyl LewisX (3′-CE sLeX) mimic liposomes, for targeted delivery of everolimus (EVE) in anti-angiogenic therapy. We investigated the uptake and efficacy of these E-selectin targeting liposomes in inflammatory cytokine-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The uptake of EVE in 3′-CE sLeX mimic liposomes increased steadily and almost caught up with the uptake of plain EVE at 3 h, which was higher than that in PEGylated liposomes (PEG-liposomes). Inhibition of uptake by anti-E-selectin antibody suggested involvement of E-selectin-mediated endocytotic processes. Migration in cells treated with EVE/3′-CE sLeX mimic liposomes was suppressed by more than half when compared to the control. This treatment was also seen to significantly inhibit the formation of capillary tubes and networks. In addition, Thr389 phosphorylation of pS6 kinase, as a marker of mTOR activity, was remarkably suppressed to less than endogenous levels by EVE/3′-CE sLeX mimic liposomes. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that EVE/3′-CE sLeX mimic liposomes were intracellularly taken up by E-selectin and prompted anti-angiogenic effects of EVE involved in the mTOR signaling pathway. However, moderate retention of EVE in the liposomes might limit the targeting ability of 3′-CE sLeX mimic liposomes. Novel E-selectin-targeting liposomes deliver everolimus to E-selectin expressing endothelial cells and accelerate its anti-angiogenic effect.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuriko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Yuuki Yamane
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Mitsuru Hashida
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Miku Konishi
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN)
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN)
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN)
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
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Petővári G, Hujber Z, Krencz I, Dankó T, Nagy N, Tóth F, Raffay R, Mészáros K, Rajnai H, Vetlényi E, Takács-Vellai K, Jeney A, Sebestyén A. Targeting cellular metabolism using rapamycin and/or doxycycline enhances anti-tumour effects in human glioma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:211. [PMID: 30574020 PMCID: PMC6300020 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common highly aggressive, primary adult brain tumour. Clinical data show that therapeutic approaches cannot reach the expectations in patients, thus gliomas are mainly incurable diseases. Tumour cells can adapt rapidly to alterations during therapeutic treatments related to their metabolic rewiring and profound heterogeneity in tissue environment. Renewed interests aim to develop effective treatments targeting angiogenesis, kinase activity and/or cellular metabolism. mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), whose hyper-activation is characteristic for many tumours, promotes metabolic alterations, macromolecule biosynthesis, cellular growth and survival. Unfortunately, mTOR inhibitors with their lower toxicity have not resulted in appreciable survival benefit. Analysing mTOR inhibitor sensitivity, other metabolism targeting treatments and their combinations could help to find potential agents and biomarkers for therapeutic development in glioma patients. Methods In vitro proliferation assays, protein expression and metabolite concentration analyses were used to study the effects of mTOR inhibitors, other metabolic treatments and their combinations in glioma cell lines. Furthermore, mTOR activity and cellular metabolism related protein expression patterns were also investigated by immunohistochemistry in human biopsies. Temozolomide and/or rapamycin treatments altered the expressions of enzymes related to lipid synthesis, glycolysis and mitochondrial functions as consequences of metabolic adaptation; therefore, other anti-metabolic drugs (chloroquine, etomoxir, doxycycline) were combined in vitro. Results Our results suggest that co-targeting metabolic pathways had tumour cell dependent additive/synergistic effects related to mTOR and metabolic protein expression patterns cell line dependently. Drug combinations, especially rapamycin + doxycycline may have promising anti-tumour effect in gliomas. Additionally, our immunohistochemistry results suggest that metabolic and mTOR activity alterations are not related to the recent glioma classification, and these protein expression profiles show individual differences in patients’ materials. Conclusions Based on these, combinations of different new/old drugs targeting cellular metabolism could be promising to inhibit high adaptation capacity of tumour cells depending on their metabolic shifts. Relating to this, such a development of current therapy needs to find special biomarkers to characterise metabolic heterogeneity of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Petővári
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hujber
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Ildikó Krencz
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Titanilla Dankó
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Noémi Nagy
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Fanni Tóth
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Regina Raffay
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Katalin Mészáros
- 2Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Momentum Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Semmelweis University-National Bionics Program Budapest, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Rajnai
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Enikő Vetlényi
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Vellai
- 3Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - András Jeney
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- 11st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
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Salvia R, Nardiello M, Scieuzo C, Scala A, Bufo SA, Rao A, Vogel H, Falabella P. Novel Factors of Viral Origin Inhibit TOR Pathway Gene Expression. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1678. [PMID: 30534083 PMCID: PMC6275226 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are obligate symbionts of endoparasitoid wasps, which exclusively attack the larval stages of their lepidopteran hosts. The Polydnavirus is injected by the parasitoid female during oviposition to selectively infect host tissues by the expression of viral genes without undergoing replication. Toxoneuron nigriceps bracovirus (TnBV) is associated with Toxoneuron nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) wasp, an endoparasitoid of the tobacco budworm larval stages, Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Previous studies showed that TnBV is responsible for alterations in host physiology. The arrest of ecdysteroidogenesis is the main alteration which occurs in last (fifth) instar larvae and, as a consequence, prevents pupation. TnBV induces the functional inactivation of H. virescens prothoracic glands (PGs), resulting in decreased protein synthesis and phosphorylation. Previous work showed the involvement of the PI3K/Akt/TOR pathway in H. virescens PG ecdysteroidogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that this cellular signaling is one of the targets of TnBV infection. Western blot analysis and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) showed that parasitism inhibits ecdysteroidogenesis and the phosphorylation of the two targets of TOR (4E-BP and S6K), despite the stimulation of PTTH contained in the brain extract. Using a transcriptomic approach, we identified viral genes selectively expressed in last instar H. virescens PGs, 48 h after parasitization, and evaluated expression levels of PI3K/Akt/TOR pathway genes in these tissues. The relative expression of selected genes belonging to the TOR pathway (tor, 4e-bp, and s6k) in PGs of parasitized larvae was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. The down-regulation of these genes in PGs of parasitized larvae supports the hypothesis of TnBV involvement in blocking ecdysteroidogenesis, through alterations of the PI3K/Akt/TOR pathway at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Marisa Nardiello
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Scala
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Sabino A. Bufo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Asha Rao
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Conciatori F, Bazzichetto C, Falcone I, Pilotto S, Bria E, Cognetti F, Milella M, Ciuffreda L. Role of mTOR Signaling in Tumor Microenvironment: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2453. [PMID: 30126252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates major processes by integrating a variety of exogenous cues, including diverse environmental inputs in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In recent years, it has been well recognized that cancer cells co-exist and co-evolve with their TME, which is often involved in drug resistance. The mTOR pathway modulates the interactions between the stroma and the tumor, thereby affecting both the tumor immunity and angiogenesis. The activation of mTOR signaling is associated with these pro-oncogenic cellular processes, making mTOR a promising target for new combination therapies. This review highlights the role of mTOR signaling in the characterization and the activity of the TME’s elements and their implications in cancer immunotherapy.
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Abstract
This special issue on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) explores the importance of mTOR in cell growth control and cancer. Cancer cells often exploit mTOR as a mechanism to enhance their capacity to grow. While protein synthesis is by far the best-characterized mTOR-driven process, this special issue also describes a wider array of mTOR-driven biological processes that cancer cells benefit from, including autophagy, cell cycle control, metabolic transformation, angiogenic signaling, and anabolic processes such as nucleotide biosynthesis and ribosomal biogenesis. Other areas of mTOR signaling covered in these reviews delve into cell migration, inflammation, and regulation of transcription factors linked to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Murray
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Andrew R Tee
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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Aziz AUR, Farid S, Qin K, Wang H, Liu B. PIM Kinases and Their Relevance to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in the Regulation of Ovarian Cancer. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8010007. [PMID: 29401696 PMCID: PMC5871976 DOI: 10.3390/biom8010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a medical term that includes a number of tumors with different molecular biology, phenotypes, tumor progression, etiology, and even different diagnosis. Some specific treatments are required to address this heterogeneity of ovarian cancer, thus molecular characterization may provide an important tool for this purpose. On a molecular level, proviral-integration site for Moloney-murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are over expressed in ovarian cancer and play a vital role in the regulation of different proteins responsible for this tumorigenesis. Likewise, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is also a central regulator of the ovarian cancer. Interestingly, recent research has linked the PIM kinases to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in several types of cancers, but their connection in ovarian cancer has not been studied yet. Once the exact relationship of PIM kinases with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is acquired in ovarian cancer, it will hopefully provide effective treatments on a molecular level. This review mainly focuses on the role of PIM kinases in ovarian cancer and their interactions with proteins involved in its progression. In addition, this review suggests a connection between the PIM kinases and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and their parallel mechanism in the regulation of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ur Rehman Aziz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Sumbal Farid
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Kairong Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hanqin Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou 441300, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Gauthier MS, Cloutier P, Coulombe B. Role of the PAQosome in Regulating Arrangement of Protein Quaternary Structure in Health and Disease. Adv Exp Med Biol 2018; 1106:25-36. [PMID: 30484151 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-00737-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The PAQosome, formerly known as the R2TP/PFDL complex, is an eleven-subunit cochaperone complex that assists HSP90 in the assembly of numerous large multisubunit protein complexes involved in essential cellular functions such as protein synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, transcription, splicing, and others. In this review, we discuss possible mechanisms of action and role of phosphorylation in the assembly of client complexes by the PAQosome as well as its potential role in cancer, ciliogenesis and ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benoit Coulombe
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada.
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