Fabrication of Crumpled Ball-Like Nickel Doped Palladium-Iron Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles with Controlled Morphology as Effective Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction

A magnetic palladium nickel carbon nanocomposite as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of distyrylbenzene and biphenyl derivatives

Distyrylbenzene and 9,10-distyrylanthracene derivatives were synthesized using an Fe₃O₄@Pd@Ni/C nanocomposite as a recyclable catalyst. The catalyst was recycled up to eight times.

Terpyridine-based Pd(ii)/Ni(ii) organometallic framework nano-sheets supported on graphene oxide-investigating the fabrication, tuning of catalytic properties and synergetic effects

Tailoring the structures of catalysts and the arrangement of organic bimetallic catalysts are essential in both fundamental research and applications. However, they still impose enormous challenges such as size and active species distribution, ordered uniformity, and controllable composition, which are critical in determining their specific activities and efficiency. Herein, a novel terpyridine-based hetero-bimetallic Ni/Pd nanosheet supported on graphene oxide (denoted as GO@Tpy-Ni/Pd) was fabricated, which exhibited higher catalytic activity, substrate applicability and recyclability for the Suzuki coupling reaction under mild conditions. The catalytic mechanism was heterogeneous catalysis at the interface and the synergetic effect between Pd and Ni resulted in a little Ni(0)/Pd(0) cluster including Pd(ii)/Ni(ii) as a whole being formed through electron transfer on the catalytic surface. This phenomenon could be interpreted as the nanoscale clusters of Ni/Pd being the real active centre stabilized by the ligand and GO and the synergetic effect. The absorption and desorption of different substrates and products on Ni/Pd clusters, as calculated by DFT, was proved to be another key factor.

The synergistic effect between Ni and Pd atom was the crucial factor for enhancing catalytic activity.

Recent Novel Hybrid Pd–Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Various C–C Coupling Reactions

The use of nanostructure materials as heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of organic compounds have been receiving more attention in the rapid developing area of nanotechnology. In this review, we mainly focused on our own work on the synthesis of hybrid palladium–iron oxide nanoparticles. We discuss the synthesis of Pd–Fe3O4—both morphology-controlled synthesis of Pd–Fe3O4 and transition metal-loaded Pd–Fe3O4—as well as its application in various C–C coupling reactions. In the case of rose-like Pd–Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles, thermal decomposition can be used instead of oxidants or reductants, and morphology can be easily controlled. We have developed a method for the synthesis of nanoparticles that is facile and eco-friendly. The catalyst was recyclable for up to five continual cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity and may provide a great platform as a catalyst for other organic reactions in the near future.

Selective liquid phase oxidation of ethyl benzene to acetophenone by palladium nanoparticles immobilized on a g-C3N4–rGO composite as a recyclable catalyst

A hybrid structure g-C₃N₄–rGO with honeycomb units was prepared for immobilizing Pd nanoparticles by a simple wet impregnation method.

Pd/DNA as Highly Active and Recyclable Catalyst of Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling

Pd/DNA catalysts were prepared in a mixed H2O/EtOH solvent using palladium precursors, Pd(OAc)2 and PdCl2, in different dosages and salmon fish sperm DNA. As prepared, the Pd/DNA contained Pd(II) and Pd(0) nanoparticles of various sizes and morphologies, depending on the preparation method. Pd/DNA efficiently catalyzed the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of various aryl bromides with phenylboronic acids. The catalyst was recovered by simple phase separation and then reused in seven consecutive cycles with a high activity.

PdO/ZnO@mSiO2 Hybrid Nanocatalyst for Reduction of Nitroarenes

Development of a novel approach for synthesizing nanostructured catalysts and achieving further improvements in catalytic activity, effectiveness, and efficiency remains a major challenge. In this report, we describe the preparation of a nanostructured PdO/ZnO@mSiO2 hybrid nanocatalyst featuring well-dispersed PdO nanoparticles within hollow ZnO@mSiO2. The as-prepared PdO/ZnO@mSiO2 hybrid nanocatalyst exhibited good morphological features, derived from the controlled stepwise synthesis from Pd/PS@ZIF-8@mSiO2 (PS = polystyrene). The morphology, size, oxidation state, crystallinity, and thermal stability of the prepared PdO/ZnO@mSiO2 hybrid nanocatalyst were confirmed by a series of physicochemical techniques. The PdO/ZnO@mSiO2 hybrid nanocatalyst showed very high catalytic efficiency in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and various nitroarenes under eco-friendly conditions. Therefore, the PdO/ZnO@mSiO2 hybrid nanocatalyst is a promising alternative catalyst for applications in environmental remediation.