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Pszczołowska M, Walczak K, Miśków W, Antosz K, Batko J, Kurpas D, Leszek J. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy as the Course of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4639. [PMID: 38731858 PMCID: PMC11083609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This editorial investigates chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) as a course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). CTE is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that is the result of repeated mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Many epidemiological studies show that experiencing a TBI in early or middle life is associated with an increased risk of dementia later in life. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) present a series of similar neuropathological features that were investigated in this work like recombinant tau into filaments or the accumulation and aggregation of Aβ protein. However, these two conditions differ from each other in brain-blood barrier damage. The purpose of this review was to evaluate information about CTE and AD from various articles, focusing especially on new therapeutic possibilities for the improvement in cognitive skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pszczołowska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (M.P.)
| | - Kamil Walczak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (M.P.)
| | - Weronika Miśków
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (M.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Antosz
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (M.P.)
| | - Joanna Batko
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (M.P.)
| | - Donata Kurpas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Ul. Kazimierza Bartla 5, 51-618 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
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Gila F, Alamdari-Palangi V, Rafiee M, Jokar A, Ehtiaty S, Dianatinasab A, Khatami SH, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A, Fallahi J. Gene-edited cells: novel allogeneic gene/cell therapy for epidermolysis bullosa. J Appl Genet 2024:10.1007/s13353-024-00839-2. [PMID: 38459407 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic skin fragility disorders, which are hereditary. These disorders are associated with mutations in at least 16 genes that encode components of the epidermal adhesion complex. Currently, there are no effective treatments for this disorder. All current treatment approaches focus on topical treatments to prevent complications and infections. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the treatment of the severe genetic skin blistering condition known as EB through preclinical and clinical advancements. Promising developments have emerged in the areas of protein and cell therapies, such as allogeneic stem cell transplantation; in addition, RNA-based therapies and gene therapy approaches have also become a reality. Stem cells obtained from embryonic or adult tissues, including the skin, are undifferentiated cells with the ability to generate, maintain, and replace fully developed cells and tissues. Recent advancements in preclinical and clinical research have significantly enhanced stem cell therapy, presenting a promising treatment option for various diseases that are not effectively addressed by current medical treatments. Different types of stem cells such as primarily hematopoietic and mesenchymal, obtained from the patient or from a donor, have been utilized to treat severe forms of diseases, each with some beneficial effects. In addition, extensive research has shown that gene transfer methods targeting allogeneic and autologous epidermal stem cells to replace or correct the defective gene are promising. These methods can regenerate and restore the adhesion of primary keratinocytes in EB patients. The long-term treatment of skin lesions in a small number of patients has shown promising results through the transplantation of skin grafts produced from gene-corrected autologous epidermal stem cells. This article attempts to summarize the current situation, potential development prospects, and some of the challenges related to the cell therapy approach for EB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gila
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Rafiee
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Arezoo Jokar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Ehtiaty
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aria Dianatinasab
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Guo W, Liu K, Wang Y, Ge X, Ma Y, Qin J, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Shi C. Neurotrophins and neural stem cells in posttraumatic brain injury repair. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:12-23. [PMID: 38018458 PMCID: PMC10961886 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of disability, mental health disorder, and even death, with its incidence and social costs rising steadily. Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline, a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive. Studies have revealed that various neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, blood-brain barrier permeability, neurite regeneration, and memory function. These factors are instrumental in alleviating neuroinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration. In addition, neural stem cells (NSC) contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties, the release of neurotrophins, the activation of endogenous NSCs, and intercellular signaling. Notably, innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs, enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogenesis and restoring neural function after TBI, comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI, and investigate their interaction with NSCs. This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI, thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Guo
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Yinghua Wang
- Medical College of Yan'an UniversityYan'anP.R. China
| | - Xu Ge
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Jing Qin
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Caiqin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Changhong Shi
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
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Bellanca CM, Augello E, Mariottini A, Bonaventura G, La Cognata V, Di Benedetto G, Cantone AF, Attaguile G, Di Mauro R, Cantarella G, Massacesi L, Bernardini R. Disease Modifying Strategies in Multiple Sclerosis: New Rays of Hope to Combat Disability? Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1286-1326. [PMID: 38275058 PMCID: PMC11092922 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666240124114126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent chronic autoimmune inflammatory- demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). It usually begins in young adulthood, mainly between the second and fourth decades of life. Usually, the clinical course is characterized by the involvement of multiple CNS functional systems and by different, often overlapping phenotypes. In the last decades, remarkable results have been achieved in the treatment of MS, particularly in the relapsing- remitting (RRMS) form, thus improving the long-term outcome for many patients. As deeper knowledge of MS pathogenesis and respective molecular targets keeps growing, nowadays, several lines of disease-modifying treatments (DMT) are available, an impressive change compared to the relative poverty of options available in the past. Current MS management by DMTs is aimed at reducing relapse frequency, ameliorating symptoms, and preventing clinical disability and progression. Notwithstanding the relevant increase in pharmacological options for the management of RRMS, research is now increasingly pointing to identify new molecules with high efficacy, particularly in progressive forms. Hence, future efforts should be concentrated on achieving a more extensive, if not exhaustive, understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this phase of the disease in order to characterize novel molecules for therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this review is to provide a compact overview of the numerous currently approved treatments and future innovative approaches, including neuroprotective treatments as anti-LINGO-1 monoclonal antibody and cell therapies, for effective and safe management of MS, potentially leading to a cure for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Bellanca
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Clinical Toxicology Unit, University Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Egle Augello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Clinical Toxicology Unit, University Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alice Mariottini
- Department of Neurosciences Drugs and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bonaventura
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina La Cognata
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Benedetto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Clinical Toxicology Unit, University Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Flavia Cantone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Attaguile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Massacesi
- Department of Neurosciences Drugs and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Clinical Toxicology Unit, University Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Prateeksha P, Naidu P, Das M, Barthels D, Das H. KLF2 Regulates Neural Differentiation of Dental Pulp-derived Stem Cells by Modulating Autophagy and Mitophagy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2886-2900. [PMID: 37642902 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of stem cells for treating neurodegenerative disorders is a promising future therapeutic approach. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the neuronal differentiation of dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSC) remains inadequately explored. The current study aims to define the regulatory role of KLF2 (Kruppel-like factor 2) during the neural differentiation (ND) of DPSC. METHODS We first investigated the transcriptional and translational expression of KLF2, autophagy, and mitophagy-associated markers during the ND of DPSC by using quantitative RT-PCR and western blot methods. After that, we applied the chemical-mediated loss- and gain-of-function approaches using KLF2 inhibitor, GGPP (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate), and KLF2 activator, GGTI-298 (geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitor-298) to delineate the role of KLF2 during ND of DPSC. The western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunocytochemistry were performed to determine the molecular changes during ND after KLF2 deficiency and KLF2 sufficiency. We also analyzed the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) using the Seahorse XFe24 analyzer. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that the expression level of KLF2, autophagy, and mitophagy-associated markers were significantly elevated during the ND of DPSC. Next, we found that the KLF2 inhibitor, GGPP significantly reduced the ND of DPSC. Inversely, KLF2 overexpression accelerated the molecular phenomenon of DPSC's commitment towards ND, indicating the crucial role of KLF2 in neurogenesis. Moreover, we found that the KLF2 positively regulated autophagy, mitophagy, and the Wnt5a signaling pathway during neurogenesis. Seahorse XFe24 analysis revealed that the ECAR and OCR parameters were significantly increased during ND, and inhibition of KLF2 marginally reversed them towards DPSC's cellular bioenergetics. However, KLF2 overexpression shifted the cellular energy metabolism toward the quiescent stage. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence that the KLF2 critically regulates the neurogenesis of DPSC by inducing autophagy and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateeksha Prateeksha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, ARB Suite 2116, 1406 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Prathyusha Naidu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, ARB Suite 2116, 1406 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Manjusri Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, ARB Suite 2116, 1406 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Derek Barthels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, ARB Suite 2116, 1406 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Hiranmoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, ARB Suite 2116, 1406 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
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Nabil M, Kassem DH, Ali AA, El-Mesallamy HO. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease rat model: Emerging role of SIRT1. Biofactors 2023; 49:1121-1142. [PMID: 37323056 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex form of neurodegenerative dementia. Growing body of evidence supports the cardinal role of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in neurodegeneration and AD development. Recently, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) have made their mark for a wide array of regenerative medicine applications, including neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Ad-MSCs in AD rat model, and to explore the possible implication of SIRT1. Ad-MSCs were isolated from rat epididymal fat pads and properly characterized. Aluminum chloride was used to induce AD in rats, and afterward, a group of AD-induced rats received a single dose of Ad-MSCs (2 × 106 cell, I.V per rat). One month after Ad-MSCs transplantation, behavioral tests were done, brain tissues were collected, then histopathological and biochemical assessments were performed. Amyloid beta and SIRT1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Whereas expression levels of neprilysin, BCL2 associated X protein, B-cell lymphoma-2, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and nerve growth factor in hippocampus and frontal cortex brain tissues were assessed using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our data demonstrated that transplantation of Ad-MSCs alleviated cognitive impairment in AD rats. Additionally, they exhibited anti-amyloidogenic, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, as well as neurogenic effects. Furthermore, Ad-MSCs were found to possibly mediate their therapeutic effects, at least partially, via modulating both central and systemic SIRT1 levels. Hence, the current study portrays Ad-MSCs as an effective therapeutic approach for AD management and opens the door for future investigations to further elucidate the role of SIRT1 and its interrelated molecular mediators in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Nabil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina H Kassem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Sinai, Egypt
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Huang S, Liu L, Huang Y, Fu C, Peng T, Yang X, Zhou H, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Zeng X, Zeng P, Tang H, He L, Xu K. Potential optimized route for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a rat model of cerebral palsy. Exp Cell Res 2023; 430:113734. [PMID: 37532123 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a movement and posture disorder that affects over 50 million people worldwide. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation has emerged as an attractive therapeutic strategy for CP. The administration route appears to be crucial for hUC-MSC to provide adequate neuroprotection. Wistar rats were given hypoxia-ischemia to make the CP model on postnatal day 5. On postnatal day 21, DiR-labeled hUC-MSC were transplanted into the CP rats by intravenous, intrathecal, and lateral ventricle for cell tracking. Uninfused CP rats served as the negative control. The motor behavioral and pathological alteration was analyzed 11, 25, and 39 days after transplantation to assess motor function, immune inflammation, neurotrophy, and endogenous repair. In vivo imaging tracking techniques revealed that intravenous infusion resulted in fewer transplanted cells in the target brain than intrathecal and lateral ventricle infusion (p<0.05). Three different routes of hUC-MSC infusion improved the motor function of CP rats (p<0.05). At 11 days post-infusion, intrathecal infusion outperformed intravenous with a significant neurotrophic and oligodendrocyte maturation effect (p<0.05). Intrathecal infusion equaled lateral ventricle infusion after 25 days. At 39 days post-infusion, lateral ventricle infusion exceeded intravenous and intrathecal infusion with a significant immunosuppressive effect (p<0.05). Considering the improved effect and less trauma shown early in the intrathecal infusion, repeated intrathecal administration may ultimately lead to the greatest benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China; School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liru Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Chaoqiong Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China; School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Tingting Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xubo Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yiting Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- Guangdong Xiangxue Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Peishan Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Kaishou Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Kelly DF, Heinzerling K, Sharma A, Gowrinathan S, Sergi K, Mallari RJ. Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy and Psychedelic Science: A Review and Perspective on Opportunities in Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology. Neurosurgery 2023; 92:680-694. [PMID: 36512813 PMCID: PMC9988324 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
After a decades-long pause, psychedelics are again being intensely investigated for treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric ailments including depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia, and chronic pain syndromes. The classic serotonergic psychedelics psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide and nonclassic psychedelics 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and ketamine are increasingly appreciated as neuroplastogens given their potential to fundamentally alter mood and behavior well beyond the time window of measurable exposure. Imaging studies with psychedelics are also helping advance our understanding of neural networks and connectomics. This resurgence in psychedelic science and psychedelic-assisted therapy has potential significance for the fields of neurosurgery and neuro-oncology and their diverse and challenging patients, many of whom continue to have mental health issues and poor quality of life despite receiving state-of-the-art care. In this study, we review recent and ongoing clinical trials, the set and setting model of psychedelic-assisted therapy, potential risks and adverse events, proposed mechanisms of action, and provide a perspective on how the safe and evidence-based use of psychedelics could potentially benefit many patients, including those with brain tumors, pain syndromes, ruminative disorders, stroke, SAH, TBI, and movement disorders. By leveraging psychedelics' neuroplastic potential to rehabilitate the mind and brain, novel treatments may be possible for many of these patient populations, in some instances working synergistically with current treatments and in some using subpsychedelic doses that do not require mind-altering effects for efficacy. This review aims to encourage broader multidisciplinary collaboration across the neurosciences to explore and help realize the transdiagnostic healing potential of psychedelics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Kelly
- Treatment & Research in Psychedelics Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
- Saint John's Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Keith Heinzerling
- Treatment & Research in Psychedelics Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
- Saint John's Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Treatment & Research in Psychedelics Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
- Saint John's Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Shanthi Gowrinathan
- Treatment & Research in Psychedelics Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
- Saint John's Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Karina Sergi
- Treatment & Research in Psychedelics Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Regin Jay Mallari
- Treatment & Research in Psychedelics Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Use of Brain-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells and Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Repair Damaged Neural Tissues: Lessons Learned from Connective Tissue Repair Regarding Variables Limiting Progress and Approaches to Overcome Limitations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043370. [PMID: 36834779 PMCID: PMC9958575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent neural stem or progenitor cells (NSC/NPC) have been reported in the brains of adult preclinical models for decades, as have mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) been reported in a variety of tissues from adults. Based on their in vitro capabilities, these cell types have been used extensively in attempts to repair/regenerate brain and connective tissues, respectively. In addition, MSC have also been used in attempts to repair compromised brain centres. However, success in treating chronic neural degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and others with NSC/NPC has been limited, as have the use of MSC in the treatment of chronic osteoarthritis, a condition affecting millions of individuals. However, connective tissues are likely less complex than neural tissues regarding cell organization and regulatory integration, but some insights have been gleaned from the studies regarding connective tissue healing with MSC that may inform studies attempting to initiate repair and regeneration of neural tissues compromised acutely or chronically by trauma or disease. This review will discuss the similarities and differences in the applications of NSC/NPC and MSC, where some lessons have been learned, and potential approaches that could be used going forward to enhance progress in the application of cellular therapy to facilitate repair and regeneration of complex structures in the brain. In particular, variables that may need to be controlled to enhance success are discussed, as are different approaches such as the use of extracellular vesicles from stem/progenitor cells that could be used to stimulate endogenous cells to repair the tissues rather than consider cell replacement as the primary option. Caveats to all these efforts relate to whether cellular repair initiatives will have long-term success if the initiators for neural diseases are not controlled, and whether such cellular initiatives will have long-term success in a subset of patients if the neural diseases are heterogeneous and have multiple etiologies.
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Serafino A, Cozzolino M. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling: a multifunctional target for neuroprotective and regenerative strategies in Parkinson’s disease. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:306-308. [PMID: 35900408 PMCID: PMC9396482 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.343908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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11
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Generation of the First Human In Vitro Model for McArdle Disease Based on iPSC Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213964. [PMID: 36430443 PMCID: PMC9692531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
McArdle disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the PYGM gene. This gene encodes for the skeletal muscle isoform of glycogen phosphorylase (myophosphorylase), the first enzyme in glycogenolysis. Patients with this disorder are unable to obtain energy from their glycogen stored in skeletal muscle, prompting an exercise intolerance. Currently, there is no treatment for this disease, and the lack of suitable in vitro human models has prevented the search for therapies against it. In this article, we have established the first human iPSC-based model for McArdle disease. For the generation of this model, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a patient with McArdle disease (harbouring the homozygous mutation c.148C>T; p.R50* in the PYGM gene) were differentiated into myogenic cells able to contract spontaneously in the presence of motor neurons and generate calcium transients, a proof of their maturity and functionality. Additionally, an isogenic skeletal muscle model of McArdle disease was created. As a proof-of-concept, we have tested in this model the rescue of PYGM expression by two different read-through compounds (PTC124 and RTC13). The developed model will be very useful as a platform for testing drugs or compounds with potential pharmacological activity.
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12
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Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Neuroinflammation to Ca2+ Homeostasis Dysregulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172728. [PMID: 36078138 PMCID: PMC9454513 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, with a complex, poorly understood pathogenesis. Cerebral atrophy, amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles represent the main pathological hallmarks of the AD brain. Recently, neuroinflammation has been recognized as a prominent feature of the AD brain and substantial evidence suggests that the inflammatory response modulates disease progression. Additionally, dysregulation of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis represents another early factor involved in the AD pathogenesis, as intracellular Ca2+ concentration is essential to ensure proper cellular and neuronal functions. Although growing evidence supports the involvement of Ca2+ in the mechanisms of neurodegeneration-related inflammatory processes, scant data are available on its contribution in microglia and astrocytes functioning, both in health and throughout the AD continuum. Nevertheless, AD-related aberrant Ca2+ signalling in astrocytes and microglia is crucially involved in the mechanisms underpinning neuroinflammatory processes that, in turn, impact neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis and brain function. In this light, we attempted to provide an overview of the current understanding of the interactions between the glia cells-mediated inflammatory responses and the molecular mechanisms involved in Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation in AD.
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13
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Sakowski SA, Chen KS. Stem cell therapy for central nervous system disorders: Metabolic interactions between transplanted cells and local microenvironments. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105842. [PMID: 35988874 PMCID: PMC10117179 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising and rapidly advancing treatment strategy for a multitude of neurologic disorders. Yet, while early phase clinical trials are being pursued in many disorders, the mechanism of action often remains unclear. One important potential mechanism by which stem cells provide neuroprotection is through metabolic signaling with diseased neurons, glia, and other cell types in the nervous system microenvironment. Early studies exploring such interactions report normalization of glucose metabolism, induction of protective mitochondrial genes, and even interactions with supportive neurovasculature. Local metabolic conditions also impact stem cell biology, which can have a large impact on transplant viability and efficacy. Epigenetic changes that occur in the donor prior to collection of stem cells, and even during in vitro culture conditions, may have effects on stem cell biology that are carried into the host upon stem cell transplantation. Transplanted stem cells also face potentially toxic metabolic microenvironments at the targeted transplant site. Novel approaches for metabolically "preconditioning" stem cells prior to transplant harness metabolic machinery to optimize stem cell survival upon transplant. Ultimately, an improved understanding of the metabolic cross-talk between implanted stem cells and the local nervous system environment, in both disease and injury states, will increase the likelihood of success in translating stem cell therapy to early trials in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Sakowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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14
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Hoang DM, Pham PT, Bach TQ, Ngo ATL, Nguyen QT, Phan TTK, Nguyen GH, Le PTT, Hoang VT, Forsyth NR, Heke M, Nguyen LT. Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:272. [PMID: 35933430 PMCID: PMC9357075 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be treated. Stem cell-based therapy, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative medicine. hPSCs are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body, including three germ layers. MSCs are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages, according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT). This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), or the umbilical cord (UC) for the treatment of human diseases, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using MSCs in a clinical setting, and we propose and discuss the MSC tissue origin concept and how MSC origin may contribute to the role of MSCs in downstream applications, with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical applications. The mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that BM-MSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment, AT-MSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration, and UC-MSCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc M Hoang
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phuong T Pham
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung Q Bach
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh T L Ngo
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyen T Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trang T K Phan
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang H Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T T Le
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van T Hoang
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nicholas R Forsyth
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Michael Heke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
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15
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Ma S, Zhou X, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Shi J, Guan F. MG53 protein rejuvenates hUC-MSCs and facilitates their therapeutic effects in AD mice by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102325. [PMID: 35525026 PMCID: PMC9079718 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) transplantation is a promising therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, hUC-MSCs cultured in vitro easily exhibit replicative senescence, which restricts their application. Although MG53 protein demonstrates multiple roles for a variety of cells and tissues repair, it remains unknown whether MG53 could rejuvenate senescent hUC-MSCs and enhance their efficacy in AD model. Here, we firstly presented that MG53 reinstated senescent hUC-MSCs via the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by increasing cell proliferation and migration, ameliorating senescence and oxidative stress, and decreasing the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. In vivo studies showed that MG53 treatment improved the therapeutic effect of senescent hUC-MSCs in AD mice. Furthermore, MG53 combined with young hUC-MSCs transplantation alleviated cognitive deficit and depression-like behavior in AD mice, reduced Aβ deposition and Tau phosphorylation, promoted neurogenesis, and inhibited glia cells activation and oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 signaling. Moreover, these neuroprotective effects mediated by MG53 and hUC-MSCs were partly reversed by Brusatol, a specific inhibitor of Nrf2 signaling. Taken together, our study revealed that MG53 could rejuvenate senescent hUC-MSCs and facilitate their efficacy in AD mice at least partly through activating Nrf2 signaling pathway, which suggest that the combined therapy of MG53 and hUC-MSCs may be a novel and effective strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xinkui Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jijing Shi
- Key Medical Laboratory of Stem Cell Transformation and Application, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China; Key Medical Laboratory of Stem Cell Transformation and Application, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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16
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Fagoonee S, Shukla SP, Dhasmana A, Birbrair A, Haque S, Pellicano R. Routes of Stem Cell Administration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022:63-82. [PMID: 35389198 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are very promising for the treatment of a plethora of human diseases. Numerous clinical studies have been conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of various stem cell types. Factors that ensure successful therapeutic outcomes in patients are cell-based parameters such as source, viability, and number, as well as frequency and timing of intervention and disease stage. Stem cell administration routes should be appropriately chosen as these can affect homing and engraftment of the cells and hence reduce therapeutic effects, or compromise safety, resulting in serious adverse events. In this chapter, we will describe the use of stem cells in organ repair and regeneration, in particular, the liver and the available routes of cell delivery in the clinic for end-stage liver diseases. Factors affecting homing and engraftment of stem cells for each administration route will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy.
| | - Shiv Poojan Shukla
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
- Department of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
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