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Li Q, Sun J, Ran Q, Liu Z, Chen J. The protective effects of Chromofungin in oligomeric amyloid β 42 (Aβ 42)-induced toxicity in neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:205865. [PMID: 38795392 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Oligomeric Aβ42 is considered to play a harmful role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Prolonged exposure to oligomeric Aβ42 could induce neuronal damage including cellular senescence. Amelioration of Aβ42-induced cellular senescence has been considered as a promising strategy for the treatment of AD. Chromofungin, a chromogranin A-derived peptide, has displayed various biological functions in different types of cells and tissues. However, the effects of Chromofungin on oligomeric Aβ42-induced cellular senescence have not been previously reported. In the current study, we report a novel function of Chromofungin by showing that treatment with Chromofungin could ameliorate Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity in M17 neuronal cells. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release experiments revealed that 0.5 and 1 mM are the optimal concentrations of Chromofungin for cell culture in M17 cells. Challenging with oligomeric Aβ42 (5 μM) for 7 and 14 days led to a significant decrease in telomerase activity, which was rescued by Chromofungin dose-dependently. Additionally, the senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining assay demonstrated that Chromofungin mitigated oligomeric Aβ42-induced cellular senescence. Correspondingly, treatment with Chromofungin reversed the gene expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TERF2), and p21 against oligomeric Aβ42 in M17 neurons. Interestingly, Chromofungin attenuated oligomeric Aβ42-induced oxidative stress (OS) in M17 cells by reducing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) but increasing the levels of intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD). Importantly, the presence of Chromofungin reduced the expression of cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) as well as the generation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Transduction with Ad-COX-2 impaired the effects of Chromofungin on telomerase activity and the profile of cellular senescence. Our findings suggest that Chromofungin might act as a potential agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Qin Ran
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Ziming Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Jinmei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
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Zahr NM. Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review. Alcohol Res 2024; 44:03. [PMID: 38812709 PMCID: PMC11135165 DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v44.1.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE By 2040, 21.6% of Americans will be over age 65, and the population of those older than age 85 is estimated to reach 14.4 million. Although not causative, older age is a risk factor for dementia: every 5 years beyond age 65, the risk doubles; approximately one-third of those older than age 85 are diagnosed with dementia. As current alcohol consumption among older adults is significantly higher compared to previous generations, a pressing question is whether drinking alcohol increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. SEARCH METHODS Databases explored included PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. To accomplish this narrative review on the effects of alcohol consumption on dementia risk, the literature covered included clinical diagnoses, epidemiology, neuropsychology, postmortem pathology, neuroimaging and other biomarkers, and translational studies. Searches conducted between January 12 and August 1, 2023, included the following terms and combinations: "aging," "alcoholism," "alcohol use disorder (AUD)," "brain," "CNS," "dementia," "Wernicke," "Korsakoff," "Alzheimer," "vascular," "frontotemporal," "Lewy body," "clinical," "diagnosis," "epidemiology," "pathology," "autopsy," "postmortem," "histology," "cognitive," "motor," "neuropsychological," "magnetic resonance," "imaging," "PET," "ligand," "degeneration," "atrophy," "translational," "rodent," "rat," "mouse," "model," "amyloid," "neurofibrillary tangles," "α-synuclein," or "presenilin." When relevant, "species" (i.e., "humans" or "other animals") was selected as an additional filter. Review articles were avoided when possible. SEARCH RESULTS The two terms "alcoholism" and "aging" retrieved about 1,350 papers; adding phrases-for example, "postmortem" or "magnetic resonance"-limited the number to fewer than 100 papers. Using the traditional term, "alcoholism" with "dementia" resulted in 876 citations, but using the currently accepted term "alcohol use disorder (AUD)" with "dementia" produced only 87 papers. Similarly, whereas the terms "Alzheimer's" and "alcoholism" yielded 318 results, "Alzheimer's" and "alcohol use disorder (AUD)" returned only 40 citations. As pertinent postmortem pathology papers were published in the 1950s and recent animal models of Alzheimer's disease were created in the early 2000s, articles referenced span the years 1957 to 2024. In total, more than 5,000 articles were considered; about 400 are herein referenced. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Chronic alcohol misuse accelerates brain aging and contributes to cognitive impairments, including those in the mnemonic domain. The consensus among studies from multiple disciplines, however, is that alcohol misuse can increase the risk for dementia, but not necessarily Alzheimer's disease. Key issues to consider include the reversibility of brain damage following abstinence from chronic alcohol misuse compared to the degenerative and progressive course of Alzheimer's disease, and the characteristic presence of protein inclusions in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which are absent in the brains of those with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
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Fairley LH, Grimm A, Herff SA, Eckert A. Translocator protein (TSPO) ligands attenuate mitophagy deficits in the SH-SY5Y cellular model of Alzheimer's disease via the autophagy adaptor P62. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00030-0. [PMID: 38280505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria occurring early in the disease. Mitophagy, which governs mitochondrial turnover and quality control, is impaired in the AD brain, and strategies aimed at enhancing mitophagy have been identified as promising therapeutic targets. The translocator protein (TSPO) is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein that is upregulated in AD, and ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in mouse models of AD. However, whether TSPO ligands modulate mitophagy in AD has not been explored. Here, we provide evidence that the TSPO-specific ligands Ro5-4864 and XBD173 attenuate mitophagy deficits and mitochondrial fragmentation in a cellular model of AD overexpressing the human amyloid precursor protein (APP). Ro5-4864 and XBD173 appear to enhance mitophagy via modulation of the autophagic cargo receptor P62/SQSTM1, in the absence of an effect on PARK2, PINK1, or LC3 level. Taken together, these findings indicate that TSPO ligands may be promising therapeutic agents for ameliorating mitophagy deficits in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren H Fairley
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Amandine Grimm
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Psychiatric University Clinics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steffen A Herff
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - Anne Eckert
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Psychiatric University Clinics, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Xue A, Zhao D, Zhao C, Li X, Yang M, Zhao H, Zhao C, Lei X, Wu J, Zhang N. Study on the neuroprotective effect of Zhimu-Huangbo extract on mitochondrial dysfunction in HT22 cells induced by D-galactose by promoting mitochondrial autophagy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117012. [PMID: 37567426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhimu-Huangbo (ZB) herb pair is a common prescription drug used by physicians of all dynasties, and has significant neuroprotective effect, such as the ZB can significantly promote neuronal cell regeneration, repair neuronal damage, and improve cognitive disorders. However, its ingredients are urgently needed to be identified and mechanisms is remained unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), the study of neuroprotective mechanism of Zhimu-Huangbo extract (ZBE) is investigated, and the network pharmacology technology and experimental validation is also performed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Firstly, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology was used to characterize the chemical components contained in the ZBE. After that, the TCMSP database and the Swiss Target Prediction method were used to search for potential target genes for ZBE compounds. At the same time, the OMIM and GeneCards disease databases were used to search for Alzheimer's disease (AD) targets and expanded with the GEO database. Then, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed using OECloud tools. Subsequently, the potential mechanism of ZBE therapeutic AD predicted by network pharmacological analysis was experimentally studied and verified in vitro. RESULTS In the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis of the ZBE, a total of 39 compounds were characterized including Neomangiferin, Oxyberberine, Timosaponin D, Berberine, Timosaponin A-III, Anemarsaponin E, Timosaponin A-I, Smilagenin and so on. A total of 831 potential targets and 13995 AD-related target genes were screened. A further analysis revealed the number of common targets between ZBE and AD is 698. Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, we found that ZBE's anti-AD targets were significantly enriched in autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy related pathways. The results of cell experiments also confirmed that ZBE can promote mitochondrial autophagy induced by D-galactose (D-gal) HT22 cells through the PTEN-induced kinase 1/Parkin (PINK1/Parkin) pathway. CONCLUSION ZBE can promote autophagy of mitochondria and play a protective role on damaged neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Deping Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Chenyu Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Meng Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Can Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xia Lei
- Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
| | - Jianli Wu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China; Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
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Xu L, Liu R, Qin Y, Wang T. Brain metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: biological mechanisms of exercise. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:33. [PMID: 37365651 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major subtype of neurodegenerative dementia caused by long-term interactions and accumulation of multiple adverse factors, accompanied by dysregulation of numerous intracellular signaling and molecular pathways in the brain. At the cellular and molecular levels, the neuronal cellular milieu of the AD brain exhibits metabolic abnormalities, compromised bioenergetics, impaired lipid metabolism, and reduced overall metabolic capacity, which lead to abnormal neural network activity and impaired neuroplasticity, thus accelerating the formation of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The current absence of effective pharmacological therapies for AD points to the urgent need to investigate the benefits of non-pharmacological approaches such as physical exercise. Despite the evidence that regular physical activity can improve metabolic dysfunction in the AD state, inhibit different pathophysiological molecular pathways associated with AD, influence the pathological process of AD, and exert a protective effect, there is no clear consensus on the specific biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the advantages of physical exercise. Here, we review how physical exercise improves crucial molecular pathways and biological processes associated with metabolic disorders in AD, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, Aβ metabolism and transport, iron metabolism and tau pathology. How metabolic states influence brain health is also presented. A better knowledge on the neurophysiological mechanisms by which exercise improves AD metabolism can contribute to the development of novel drugs and improvement of non-pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Xu
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, 300050, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology & Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, 300050, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology & Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yingkai Qin
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Tianhui Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, 300050, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology & Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Szabo L, Grimm A, García-León JA, Verfaillie CM, Eckert A. Genetically Engineered Triple MAPT-Mutant Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (N279K, P301L, and E10+16 Mutations) Exhibit Impairments in Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Dynamics. Cells 2023; 12:1385. [PMID: 37408218 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological abnormalities in the tau protein give rise to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, conjointly termed tauopathies. Several tau mutations have been identified in the tau-encoding gene MAPT, affecting either the physical properties of tau or resulting in altered tau splicing. At early disease stages, mitochondrial dysfunction was highlighted with mutant tau compromising almost every aspect of mitochondrial function. Additionally, mitochondria have emerged as fundamental regulators of stem cell function. Here, we show that compared to the isogenic wild-type triple MAPT-mutant human-induced pluripotent stem cells, bearing the pathogenic N279K, P301L, and E10+16 mutations, exhibit deficits in mitochondrial bioenergetics and present altered parameters linked to the metabolic regulation of mitochondria. Moreover, we demonstrate that the triple tau mutations disturb the cellular redox homeostasis and modify the mitochondrial network morphology and distribution. This study provides the first characterization of disease-associated tau-mediated mitochondrial impairments in an advanced human cellular tau pathology model at early disease stages, ranging from mitochondrial bioenergetics to dynamics. Consequently, comprehending better the influence of dysfunctional mitochondria on the development and differentiation of stem cells and their contribution to disease progression may thus assist in the potential prevention and treatment of tau-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonora Szabo
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Grimm
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juan Antonio García-León
- Departamento Biologia Celular, Genetica y Fisiologia, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Catherine M Verfaillie
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Eckert
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Spermidine Rescues Bioenergetic and Mitophagy Deficits Induced by Disease-Associated Tau Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065297. [PMID: 36982371 PMCID: PMC10049002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tau build-up is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and more than 20 other serious neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are paramount organelles playing a predominant role in cellular bioenergetics, namely by providing the main source of cellular energy via adenosine triphosphate generation. Abnormal tau impairs almost every aspect of mitochondrial function, from mitochondrial respiration to mitophagy. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of spermidine, a polyamine which exerts neuroprotective effects, on mitochondrial function in a cellular model of tauopathy. Recent evidence identified autophagy as the main mechanism of action of spermidine on life-span prolongation and neuroprotection, but the effects of spermidine on abnormal tau-induced mitochondrial dysfunction have not yet been investigated. We used SH-SY5Y cells stably expressing a mutant form of human tau protein (P301L tau mutation) or cells expressing the empty vector (control cells). We showed that spermidine improved mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential as well as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in both control and P301L tau-expressing cells. We also showed that spermidine decreased the level of free radicals, increased autophagy and restored P301L tau-induced impairments in mitophagy. Overall, our findings suggest that spermidine supplementation might represent an attractive therapeutic approach to prevent/counteract tau-related mitochondrial impairments.
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Yang L, Nao J. Ferroptosis: a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2022:revneuro-2022-0121. [PMID: 36514247 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The most prevalent dementia-causing neurodegenerative condition is Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aberrant buildup of amyloid β and tau hyperphosphorylation are the two most well-known theories about the mechanisms underlying AD development. However, a significant number of pharmacological clinical studies conducted around the world based on the two aforementioned theories have not shown promising outcomes, and AD is still not effectively treated. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic programmed cell death defined by the buildup of deadly amounts of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, has received more attention in recent years. A wealth of data is emerging to support the role of iron in the pathophysiology of AD. Cell line and animal studies applying ferroptosis modulators to the treatment of AD have shown encouraging results. Based on these studies, we describe in this review the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis; the role that ferroptosis plays in AD pathology; and summarise some of the research advances in the treatment of AD with ferroptosis modulators. We hope to contribute to the clinical management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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Mitochondria Transfer in Brain Injury and Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223603. [PMID: 36429030 PMCID: PMC9688459 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular mitochondria transfer is a novel form of cell signalling in which whole mitochondria are transferred between cells in order to enhance cellular functions or aid in the degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Recent studies have observed intercellular mitochondria transfer between glia and neurons in the brain, and mitochondrial transfer has emerged as a key neuroprotective mechanism in a range of neurological conditions. In particular, artificial mitochondria transfer has sparked widespread interest as a potential therapeutic strategy for brain disorders. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and effects of intercellular mitochondria transfer in the brain. The role of mitochondrial transfer in neurological conditions, including neurodegenerative disease, brain injury, and neurodevelopmental disorders, is discussed as well as therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria transfer in the brain.
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Aquino Nunez W, Combs B, Gamblin TC, Ackley BD. Age-dependent accumulation of tau aggregation in Caenorhabditis elegans. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:928574. [PMID: 36062211 PMCID: PMC9437221 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.928574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders (ADRDs). Tau aggregation is a hallmark of AD and other tauopathies. Even in normal aging, tau aggregation is found in brains, but in disease states, significantly more aggregated tau is present in brain regions demonstrating synaptic degeneration and neuronal loss. It is unclear how tau aggregation and aging interact to give rise to the phenotypes observed in disease states. Most AD/ADRD animal models have focused on late stages, after significant tau aggregation has occurred. There are fewer where we can observe the early aggregation events and progression during aging. In an attempt to address this gap, we created C. elegans models expressing a GFP-tagged version of the human tau protein. Here we examined how tau-gfp behaved during aging, comparing wild-type tau (hTau40), a disease-associated mutation (P301S), and an aggregation-prone variant (3PO). We measured age-dependent changes in GFP intensity and correlated those changes to normal aging in the nematode. We found differences in tau stability and accumulation depending on the tau variant expressed. hTau40GFP and P301SGFP were localized to axons and cell bodies, while 3POGFP was more concentrated within cell bodies. Expression of 3POGFP resulted in decreased lifespan and variations in locomotor rate, consistent with a pathological effect. Finally, we found that the human tau interacted genetically with the C. elegans ortholog of human tau, ptl-1, where the loss of ptl-1 significantly accelerated the time to death in animals expressing 3PO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Aquino Nunez
- Laboratory Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Benjamin Combs
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - T. Chris Gamblin
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Brian D. Ackley
- Laboratory Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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Zhang Y, Qian L, Kuang Y, Liu J, Wang D, Xie W, Zhang L, Fu L. An adeno-associated virus-mediated immunotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Immunol 2022; 144:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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