Quality of Life among Peritoneal and Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Effects of interpersonal relationships and forgiveness on post-traumatic growth in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

Post-traumatic growth is regarded as a screening indicator for quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Interpersonal relationships and forgiveness of hemodialysis patients may play an important role in improving post-traumatic growth. Few studies reveal the relationship between interpersonal relationships, forgiveness, and post-traumatic growth. This study aimed to explore the relationships among interpersonal relationships, forgiveness, and post-traumatic growth in a sample of hemodialysis patients and analyzed the influencing factors associated with post-traumatic growth in hemodialysis patients.

METHODS

In a cross-sectional study involving convenience sample from August to October 2022, 369 hemodialysis patients from nine hospitals completed the Interpersonal Relationship Comprehensive Diagnosis Scale, Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, and demographic characteristics and clinical information. Data were analyzed using SPSS and multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the variables associated with the scores of post-traumatic growth.

RESULTS

Interpersonal relationships showed a significant negative correlation with forgiveness (r = -0.251, p< 0.01) and a negative correlation with post-traumatic growth (r = -0.112, p = 0.02). A significant positive correlation was found between forgiveness and post-traumatic growth (r = 0.169, p< 0.01). In the regression analysis model, gender (β = 0.195, p< 0.01), marital status (β = 0.156, p< 0.01), number of complications (β =-0.194, p< 0.01), interpersonal relationships (β =-0.098, p= 0.03), and forgiveness (β = 0.127, p= 0.01) impacted post-traumatic growth significantly.

CONCLUSIONS

There were significant correlations among interpersonal relationships, forgiveness, and post-traumatic growth. Post-traumatic growth in hemodialysis patients was related to gender, marital status, number of complications, interpersonal relationships, and forgiveness. Number of complications, interpersonal relationships, and forgiveness should be monitored and positively managed to improve effects on post-traumatic growth in hemodialysis patients. Nurses should consider implementing interventions with an keynote on controlling complications, ameliorating interpersonal relationships, and increasing forgiveness to help hemodialysis patients improve their post-traumatic growth.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

Medication Adherence Barriers and Their Relationship to Health Determinants for Saudi Pediatric Dialysis Patients

Medication adherence is critical for the treatment and improved outcomes of chronic diseases. However, there is little research on the medication adherence of pediatric dialysis patients in Saudi Arabia. This study examines medication adherence barriers and their relationship to health determinants among Saudi children on dialysis, to enhance treatment success. We conducted a hospital-based, cross-sectional survey of pediatric dialysis patients using a simple random sampling technique. There is a trend of higher medication adherence for peritoneal dialysis patients compared with hemodialysis patients (36.1 ± 12.9 vs. 34.7 ± 8.3, p = 0.07). The leading barriers to medication adherence for all patients included being tired of taking the medication (score = 3.0256), not feeling like taking the medicine sometimes (score = 2.7436), bad taste (score = 2.5513), and forgetfulness (score = 2.41). Determinants of health were associated with medication adherence. Lack of education (56.4%) (some children underage for school) and chronic disease requirements (16.7%) were common barriers. After adjusting for the common confounders, the adherence scores increased significantly with increasing patient age (β = 2.378, p < 0.001), patients with working parents (β = 8.726, p = 0.011), and those living outside Riyadh (β = 19.198, p < 0.001). Medication adherence among pediatric dialysis patients is influenced by sociodemographic factors, health systems, and access to care. Evidence-based targeted interventions can increase medication adherence in this group on frequent dialysis. Future efforts should utilize systematic frameworks and digital health technologies to provide quality alternatives to improve medication adherence.

Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Versus Peritoneal Dialysis Patients in Bahrain

INTRODUCTION

Chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease, affect patients' quality of life (QOL). Hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) are renal replacement methods in these patients. This work aimed to study the relationship between QOL scores in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on HD and PD.

METHODS

This study was done at Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC), Bahrain, from May to July 2023. A standard QOL index score instrument in Arabic form was used on 76 HD and 38 PD patients. The inclusion criteria included dialysis for at least three months and an age of more than 18 years with no severe morbidities or psychological diseases.

RESULTS

The mean age of HD and PD patients was 58.7 ± 11.2 and 55.9 ± 12.1 years, respectively. Thirty-five (46.1%) of the HD patients and 17 (44.7%) of the PD patients were females. In most dimensions, the QOL score of the patients treated with PD was better than that of the HD group. The number of hospital admissions was statistically significantly higher in the HD group (p = 0.007); however, there was no significant difference in the causes of admissions (p = 0.131). In this study, we observed the highest QOL score in the family subscale (93.2 ± 9.2 and 98.6 ± 4.7), followed by the psychological/spiritual subscale (81.1 ± 16.7 and 97.6 ± 3.9) in the HD and PD groups, respectively), but it was statistically significantly higher in the PD group (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Our findings show that patients starting PD had better QOL scores in all domains than patients starting HD. Moreover, patients on PD maintained more active social support and ultimately felt better emotional well-being and physical health than those undergoing HD.