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Garcia-Martin E, Jimeno-Huete D, Dongil-Moreno FJ, Boquete L, Sánchez-Morla EM, Miguel-Jiménez JM, López-Dorado A, Vilades E, Fuertes MI, Pueyo A, Ortiz del Castillo M. Differential Study of Retinal Thicknesses in the Eyes of Alzheimer's Patients, Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Subjects. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3126. [PMID: 38137347 PMCID: PMC10740772 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) cause retinal thinning that is detectable in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). To date, no papers have compared the two diseases in terms of the structural differences they produce in the retina. The purpose of this study is to analyse and compare the neuroretinal structure in MS patients, AD patients and healthy subjects using OCT. Spectral domain OCT was performed on 21 AD patients, 33 MS patients and 19 control subjects using the Posterior Pole protocol. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was used to analyse the differences between the cohorts in nine regions of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and outer nuclear layer (ONL). The main differences between MS and AD are found in the ONL, in practically all the regions analysed (AUROCFOVEAL = 0.80, AUROCPARAFOVEAL = 0.85, AUROCPERIFOVEAL = 0.80, AUROC_PMB = 0.77, AUROCPARAMACULAR = 0.85, AUROCINFERO_NASAL = 0.75, AUROCINFERO_TEMPORAL = 0.83), and in the paramacular zone (AUROCPARAMACULAR = 0.75) and infero-temporal quadrant (AUROCINFERO_TEMPORAL = 0.80) of the GCL. In conclusion, our findings suggest that OCT data analysis could facilitate the differential diagnosis of MS and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.V.); (M.I.F.); (A.P.)
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Jimeno-Huete
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (D.J.-H.); (F.J.D.-M.); (J.M.M.-J.); (A.L.-D.)
| | - Francisco J. Dongil-Moreno
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (D.J.-H.); (F.J.D.-M.); (J.M.M.-J.); (A.L.-D.)
| | - Luciano Boquete
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (D.J.-H.); (F.J.D.-M.); (J.M.M.-J.); (A.L.-D.)
| | - Eva M. Sánchez-Morla
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Miguel-Jiménez
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (D.J.-H.); (F.J.D.-M.); (J.M.M.-J.); (A.L.-D.)
| | - Almudena López-Dorado
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (D.J.-H.); (F.J.D.-M.); (J.M.M.-J.); (A.L.-D.)
| | - Elisa Vilades
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.V.); (M.I.F.); (A.P.)
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria I. Fuertes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.V.); (M.I.F.); (A.P.)
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Pueyo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.V.); (M.I.F.); (A.P.)
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Innovation and Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Donica VC, Alexa AI, Pavel IA, Danielescu C, Ciapă MA, Donica AL, Bogdănici CM. The Evolvement of OCT and OCT-A in Identifying Multiple Sclerosis Biomarkers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3031. [PMID: 38002031 PMCID: PMC10669604 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been increasing among young people in developing countries over the last years. With the continuous development of new technology, the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients has received new parameters that physicians may use in their practice. This paper reviews the main biomarkers identified through Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) involved in the development and progression of MS and investigates the role it may have in detecting changes to the central nervous system (CNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Constantin Donica
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.C.D.); (C.D.); (C.M.B.)
| | - Anisia Iuliana Alexa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.C.D.); (C.D.); (C.M.B.)
| | - Irina Andreea Pavel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.C.D.); (C.D.); (C.M.B.)
| | - Ciprian Danielescu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.C.D.); (C.D.); (C.M.B.)
| | | | | | - Camelia Margareta Bogdănici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.C.D.); (C.D.); (C.M.B.)
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