Impact of Process Parameters on the Diameter of Nanobubbles Generated by Electrolysis on Platinum-Coated Titanium Electrodes Using Box–Behnken Experimental Design

Clinical Applications of Micro/Nanobubble Technology in Neurological Diseases

Nanomedicine, leveraging the unique properties of nanoparticles, has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. Among various nanotechnological advancements, ultrasound-mediated drug delivery using micro- and nanobubbles offers promising solutions to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB), enhancing the precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions. This review explores the principles, current clinical applications, challenges, and future directions of ultrasound-mediated drug delivery systems in treating stroke, brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroinflammatory disorders. Additionally, ongoing clinical trials and potential advancements in this field are discussed, providing a comprehensive overview of the impact of nanomedicine on neurological diseases.

A review on future wastewater treatment technologies: micro-nanobubbles, hybrid electro-Fenton processes, photocatalytic fuel cells, and microbial fuel cells

The future prospect in wastewater treatment technologies mostly emphasizes processing efficiency and the economic benefits. Undeniably, the use of advanced oxidation processes in physical and chemical treatments has played a vital role in helping the technologies to remove the organic pollutants efficiently and reduce the energy consumption or even harvesting the electrons movements in the oxidation process to produce electrical energy. In the present paper, we review several types of wastewater treatment technologies, namely micro-nanobubbles, hybrid electro-Fenton processes, photocatalytic fuel cells, and microbial fuel cells. The aims are to explore the interaction of hydroxyl radicals with pollutants using these wastewater technologies, including their removal efficiencies, optimal conditions, reactor setup, and energy generation. Despite these technologies recording high removal efficiency of organic pollutants, the selection of the technologies is dependent on the characteristics of the wastewater and the daily production volume. Hence the review paper also provides comparisons between technologies as the guidance in technology selection.