The Potential Role of Vitamin E and the Mechanism in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cu-doped ZiF-8 and calcined UIO-66-based biomimetic enzyme electrochemical sensor for rapid and sensitive detection of Zearalenone in vegetable oil

In order to ensure the safety of the raw material vegetable oil deodorizer distillate (VODD) using in vitamin E and phytosterols production process, it is necessary to rapidly and sensitively detect the content of Zearalenone (ZEN) mycotoxins. In this study, the catalytic activity of ZIF-8 was enhanced by adding copper, and the synergistic effect of calcined UIO-66 and Cu-ZIF-8 was used to improve the electrical response of the sensor to ZEN, improve the conductivity and promote electron transfer, so as to enhance the recognition ability of ZEN. Cu-ZiF-8@CN-UIO-66 biomimetic enzyme was prepared and characterized using SEM, EDS, XPS, XRD and FT-IR. The linear range of the biosensor for ZEN detection was 10 ng mL-1-25 μg mL-1, and the detection limit was as low as 0.6 ng mL-1. The experiment result indicated that the prepared composite nano-biomimetic enzyme was an ideal choice for the detection of ZEN in VODD and showed a broad application prospect in mycotoxin analysis.

A Novel Selenium-Based Nanozyme (GSH-Se) Ameliorates Colitis in Mice by Modulating the Nrf2/Keap1 and GPx4 Pathways

Combination of selenium (Se) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) can reduce the dose of Se used while concurrently exploiting their antioxidative performance, which can be used as a potential treatment for ulcerative colitis. Nanozymes possess higher stability, are more economical, and have more multifunctionalities than natural enzymes and thus could be an ideal approach for their combination. Therefore, this study synthesised a nanozyme using glutathione (GSH) and Se-GSH-Se-and evaluated its alleviating effects on colitis in mice induced by dextran sulphate sodium salt (DSS). Three doses of GSH-Se, 6 mM, 12 mM, and 18 mM were supplemented in DSS-induced colitis in mice. Findings showed that GSH-Se supplementation ameliorated colitis by improving the colonic mucosal integrity, reducing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, and alleviating gut microbiota imbalance in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Moreover, an in vitro experiment was performed to unravel the molecular mechanism by which GSH-Se ameliorated colitis in mice, based on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in mouse colon epithelial cells. The results suggested that the alleviating effects of GSH-Se on mouse colitis was likely mediated by the activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) and GPx4 signalling pathways.

Didymin Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Amino Acid Metabolism in Mice

Background: Didymin is a dietary flavonoid derived from citrus fruits and has been shown to have extensive biological functions, especially anti-inflammatory effects, but its mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of didymin that alleviates ulcerative colitis. Methods and Results: Our results indicated that didymin could alleviate the symptoms of ulcerative colitis, as it inhibited the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Didymin also promoted the expressions of claudin-1 and zona occludens-1(ZO-1), which are closely related with restoring colon barrier function. Didymin also increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Verrucomicobiota, while decreasing the abundance of Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, didymin significantly altered the levels of metabolites related to arginine synthesis and metabolism, and lysine degradation in the colitis mice. Utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking, our results showed that the metabolites L-ornithine and saccharin could interact with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). In this in vitro study, L-ornithine could reduce the expressions of transcription factors STAT3 and NF-κB, and it also inhibited the expressions of IL-6 and IL-1β in the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced in RAW264.7 cells, while saccharin had the opposite effect. Conclusions: Taken together, didymin can regulate gut microbiota and alter metabolite products, which can modulate STAT3 and NF-κB pathways and inhibit the expressions of inflammatory factors and inflammatory response in the DSS-induced colitis mice.

Worldwide research trends in Crohn's disease treatment over the past 2 decades: a bibliometric analysis

Background

The treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) has received widespread attention in clinical practice, but there is currently a lack of quantitative evaluation of the literature published in this field. This study aimed to describe the development trends and research hotspots of CD treatment through bibliometric analysis.

Methods

Publications related to CD treatment published from 2004 to 2023 were searched in the WoSCC. Microsoft Office Excel 2021 was used for the analysis and visualization of the annual number of publications. CiteSpace was used to visualize the collaboration networks of authors, institutions, and countries, as well as to construct a reference timeline visualization map and identify keywords with the strongest citation bursts.

Results

The bibliometric analysis included 25,608 publications between 2004 and 2023. The most productive year was 2021. The United States of America (n = 7,891) and the University of California System (n = 939) are the country and institution with the most published papers, respectively. Among the 97,564 authors, Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent (n = 424) published the most articles. The core journals were Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Journal of Crohns and Colitis, Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, etc. The timeline view showed that "#5 JAK Inhibitor" was the most recent topic. The keywords that burst and persist from 2020 to 2023 include "ustekinumab" and "vedolizumab".

Conclusion

An increasing number of researchers are dedicating their efforts to exploring the treatment of CD, with the United States making the largest contribution to this field. Currently, the research hotspots predominantly involve drug therapy including ustekinumab, vedolizumab, and JAK inhibitors. Our study provides valuable information for scholars studying CD treatment.

Using palm oil residue for food nutrition and quality: from palm fatty acid distillate to vitamin E toward sustainability

Increasing global palm oil production yields a valuable palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) - a rich vitamin E (Vit-E) source and multifunctional ingredient in the food agro-industry - that can be utilized to achieve sustainability. This article reviews trends in the use and role of PFAD and its Vit-E in the food sector and proposes an integrated agro-industrial concept toward sustainability. Vit-E can be separated from PFAD with diverse and impactful pharmaceutical activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-ultraviolet effects. Based on in vivo experimental tests, PFAD and Vit-E supplementation can enhance the productivity and quality of livestock-based food products. PFAD is a plasticizer and antistatic packaging material in food packaging systems, and its derivatives can be used as food additives. Meanwhile, the Vit-E molecule in packaging can extend food shelf life by maintaining color stability, reducing lipid oxidation and rancidity, adding antimicrobial properties, and influencing changes in packaging properties such as water vapor, tensile strength, melting point and other physical properties. Toward sustainability, an integrated agro-industrial design has been proposed to implement clean production, increase the added value of palm oil industry residues, minimize environmental risks and increase profits to achieve long-term social welfare. In conclusion, PFAD residues and their Vit-E content have shown broad benefits in the food sector and prospects toward sustainability. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Association between dietary vitamin E intake and constipation: NHANES 2005-2010

Background

This investigation aimed to analyze the association between dietary vitamin E intake and constipation prevalence among United States adults.

Methods

Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this cross-sectional study assessed vitamin E intake through 24-h dietary recall and defined constipation based on the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin E intake and constipation, with results presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Stratified analyses were conducted based on covariates such as age, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were generated to explore the potential linear or non-linear association.

Results

Individuals experiencing constipation exhibited lower vitamin E intake compared to those without constipation. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated a negative correlation between vitamin E intake and constipation risk, even after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Further RCS analysis revealed a statistically significant non-linear inverse relationship between vitamin E intake and constipation risk (p-value for non-linearity = 0.0473).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest an independent inverse association between vitamin E intake and constipation prevalence in United States adults. Prospective research is needed to validate these observations.