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Saviola D, de Gaetano K, Bruni S, Chiari M, Moschini C, Battagliola E, Colla D, Cantoni M, De Tanti A. The functional secondary effect after an integrated rehabilitative intervention to learn reading and writing in a girl with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2024:PRM230051. [PMID: 38905063 DOI: 10.3233/prm-230051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A case report of a six-year and five-month-old female admitted with typical symptoms of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is presented. Clinical and rehabilitation settings where she acquired her reading, writing, and communication skills are described. METHODS Because of her cognitive disabilities, a multidisciplinary and long-term intervention (2014-2020) was necessary. Treatment included orthoptic, psychomotor, logopedic, occupational, and neuropsychological care. Her family and school were involved. RESULTS Increased attention led to decreased dysfunctional behaviors. Test results are still below average, but there has been significant improvement. Better communication skills resulted from increased phonetic range, improved articulation, lexical-semantic structure, comprehension, and production of sentences. Digital technologies played a significant role in enhancing her communication skills, not just in social interactions but also in school activities. The patient is oriented in time and space with the help of agendas and calendars. She can express her needs and compose concise narratives. As a result of acquiring functional skills, she is better equipped to handle real-life situations, which has led to increased social and family activities. CONCLUSION This case report highlights the importance of personalized rehabilitation programs. Obtaining an early genetic diagnosis is crucial for timely tailored rehabilitation, and any delays in this process can hinder progress.
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Lacombe D, Bloch-Zupan A, Bredrup C, Cooper EB, Houge SD, García-Miñaúr S, Kayserili H, Larizza L, Lopez Gonzalez V, Menke LA, Milani D, Saettini F, Stevens CA, Tooke L, Van der Zee JA, Van Genderen MM, Van-Gils J, Waite J, Adrien JL, Bartsch O, Bitoun P, Bouts AHM, Cueto-González AM, Dominguez-Garrido E, Duijkers FA, Fergelot P, Halstead E, Huisman SA, Meossi C, Mullins J, Nikkel SM, Oliver C, Prada E, Rei A, Riddle I, Rodriguez-Fonseca C, Rodríguez Pena R, Russell J, Saba A, Santos-Simarro F, Simpson BN, Smith DF, Stevens MF, Szakszon K, Taupiac E, Totaro N, Valenzuena Palafoll I, Van Der Kaay DCM, Van Wijk MP, Vyshka K, Wiley S, Hennekam RC. Diagnosis and management in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: first international consensus statement. J Med Genet 2024; 61:503-519. [PMID: 38471765 PMCID: PMC11137475 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is an archetypical genetic syndrome that is characterised by intellectual disability, well-defined facial features, distal limb anomalies and atypical growth, among numerous other signs and symptoms. It is caused by variants in either of two genes (CREBBP, EP300) which encode for the proteins CBP and p300, which both have a function in transcription regulation and histone acetylation. As a group of international experts and national support groups dedicated to the syndrome, we realised that marked heterogeneity currently exists in clinical and molecular diagnostic approaches and care practices in various parts of the world. Here, we outline a series of recommendations that document the consensus of a group of international experts on clinical diagnostic criteria for types of RTS (RTS1: CREBBP; RTS2: EP300), molecular investigations, long-term management of various particular physical and behavioural issues and care planning. The recommendations as presented here will need to be evaluated for improvements to allow for continued optimisation of diagnostics and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Lacombe
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Bordeaux, and INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, and Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, and Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France
| | - Cecilie Bredrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Edward B Cooper
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sofia Douzgou Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway and Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sixto García-Miñaúr
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koc University School of Medicine (KUSOM), 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Laboratorio di Ricerca in Citogenetica medica e Genetica Molecolare, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche IRCCS-Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Vanesa Lopez Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Genetics Section, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Leonie A Menke
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Donatella Milani
- Fondazione IRCCS, Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Saettini
- Fondazione Matilde Tettamanti Menotti De Marchi Onlus, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, Monza, Italy
| | - Cathy A Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lloyd Tooke
- Department of Pediatrics, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jill A Van der Zee
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria M Van Genderen
- Bartiméus Diagnostic Center for complex visual disorders, Zeist and Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Julien Van-Gils
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Bordeaux, and INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jane Waite
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jean-Louis Adrien
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Oliver Bartsch
- MVZ - Humangenetik, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Pierre Bitoun
- Département de Genetique, SIDVA 91, Juvisy-sur-Orge, France
| | - Antonia H M Bouts
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M Cueto-González
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, University Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Floor A Duijkers
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Patricia Fergelot
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Bordeaux, and INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elizabeth Halstead
- Psychology and Human Development Department, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sylvia A Huisman
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Zodiak, Prinsenstichting, Purmerend, Netherlands
| | - Camilla Meossi
- Fondazione IRCCS, Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jo Mullins
- Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome Support Group, Registered Charity, Rickmansworth, UK
| | - Sarah M Nikkel
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chris Oliver
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Elisabetta Prada
- Fondazione IRCCS, Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rei
- Associazione Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome-Una Vita Speciale, Organizzazione di Volontariato (ODV), Gornate Olona, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilka Riddle
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Janet Russell
- Associazione Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome-Una Vita Speciale, Organizzazione di Volontariato (ODV), Gornate Olona, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Unit of Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Genetics, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Brittany N Simpson
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - David F Smith
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Markus F Stevens
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katalin Szakszon
- Institution of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen Clinical Centre, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Emmanuelle Taupiac
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Bordeaux, and INSERM U1211, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nadia Totaro
- Associazione Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome-Una Vita Speciale, Organizzazione di Volontariato (ODV), Gornate Olona, Varese, Italy
| | - Irene Valenzuena Palafoll
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, University Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniëlle C M Van Der Kaay
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel P Van Wijk
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Klea Vyshka
- European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability (ERN-ITHACA), Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Susan Wiley
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Raoul C Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Li Z, Li ZJ, Hao LH. A case report on Rubinsein-Taybi syndrome associated with a de novo CREBBP gene mutation. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00693-6. [PMID: 38688763 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Zi-Jin Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Li-Hong Hao
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin University Children's Hospital, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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4
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Angmo D, Thulkar T, Shaw E, Beri N. Congenital pterygium with anterior segment dysgenesis: rare ocular manifestation in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e257962. [PMID: 38642933 PMCID: PMC11033627 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pterygium is a benign, wing-shaped fibrovascular overgrowth of subconjunctival tissue that can encroach over the cornea. This condition usually occurs in individuals aged 20-40 years but is rarely seen in children. We report a case of an infant with Rubenstein-Taybi syndrome presenting with nebulo-macular corneal opacity and congenital pterygium. On examination under anaesthesia, bilateral infero-nasal nebulo-macular corneal opacity (6 × 5 mm) with a whitish pink tissue originating from nasal bulbar conjunctiva was noticed. The probe test was negative for this tissue. To the best of our knowledge, only two other cases of congenital pterygium have been reported in the literature. The presence of this anomaly supports the hypothesis of genetic factors having a role in the development of pterygium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewang Angmo
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanmay Thulkar
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Shaw
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitika Beri
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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5
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Nava AA, Arboleda VA. The omics era: a nexus of untapped potential for Mendelian chromatinopathies. Hum Genet 2024; 143:475-495. [PMID: 37115317 PMCID: PMC11078811 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The OMICs cascade describes the hierarchical flow of information through biological systems. The epigenome sits at the apex of the cascade, thereby regulating the RNA and protein expression of the human genome and governs cellular identity and function. Genes that regulate the epigenome, termed epigenes, orchestrate complex biological signaling programs that drive human development. The broad expression patterns of epigenes during human development mean that pathogenic germline mutations in epigenes can lead to clinically significant multi-system malformations, developmental delay, intellectual disabilities, and stem cell dysfunction. In this review, we refer to germline developmental disorders caused by epigene mutation as "chromatinopathies". We curated the largest number of human chromatinopathies to date and our expanded approach more than doubled the number of established chromatinopathies to 179 disorders caused by 148 epigenes. Our study revealed that 20.6% (148/720) of epigenes cause at least one chromatinopathy. In this review, we highlight key examples in which OMICs approaches have been applied to chromatinopathy patient biospecimens to identify underlying disease pathogenesis. The rapidly evolving OMICs technologies that couple molecular biology with high-throughput sequencing or proteomics allow us to dissect out the causal mechanisms driving temporal-, cellular-, and tissue-specific expression. Using the full repertoire of data generated by the OMICs cascade to study chromatinopathies will provide invaluable insight into the developmental impact of these epigenes and point toward future precision targets for these rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen A Nava
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Valerie A Arboleda
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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6
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Cheng-Sánchez I, Gosselé KA, Palaferri L, Kirillova MS, Nevado C. Discovery and Characterization of Active CBP/EP300 Degraders Targeting the HAT Domain. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:355-361. [PMID: 38505842 PMCID: PMC10945562 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are bifunctional molecules that simultaneously bind an E3 ligase and a protein of interest, inducing degradation of the latter via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Here we present the development of degraders targeting CREB-binding protein (CBP) and E1A-associated protein (EP300)-two homologous multidomain enzymes crucial for enhancer-mediated transcription. Our PROTAC campaign focused on CPI-1612, a reported inhibitor of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain of these two proteins. A novel asymmetric synthesis of this ligand was devised, while PROTAC-SAR was explored by measuring degradation, target engagement, and ternary complex formation in cellulo. Our study demonstrates that engagement of Cereblon (CRBN) and a sufficiently long linker between the E3 and CBP/EP300 binders (≥21 atoms) are required for PROTAC-mediated degradation using CPI-1612 resulting in a new active PROTAC dCE-1. Lessons learned from this campaign, particularly the importance of cell-based assays to understand the reasons underlying PROTAC performance, are likely applicable to other targets to assist the development of degraders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Cheng-Sánchez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katherine A. Gosselé
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Palaferri
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariia S. Kirillova
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Shangguan H, Wang J, Lin J, Huang X, Zeng Y, Chen R. A study on genotypes and phenotypes of short stature caused by epigenetic modification gene variants. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1403-1414. [PMID: 38170291 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery (MDEMs) are caused by genetic mutations, a considerable fraction of which are associated with epigenetic modification. These MDEMs exhibit phenotypic overlap broadly characterized by multiorgan abnormalities. The variant detected in genes associated with epigenetic modification can lead to short stature accompanied with multiple system abnormalities. This study is aimed at presenting and summarizing the diagnostic rate, clinical, and genetic profile of MDEMs-associated short stature. Two hundred and fourteen short-stature patients with multiorgan abnormalities were enrolled. Clinical information and whole exome sequence (WES) were analyzed for these patients. WES identified 33 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 19 epigenetic modulation genes (KMT2A, KMT2D, KDM6A, SETD5, KDM5C, HUWE1, UBE2A, NIPBL, SMC1A, RAD21, CREBBP, CUL4B, BPTF, ANKRD11, CHD7, SRCAP, CTCF, MECP2, UBE3A) in 33 patients (15.4%). Of note, 19 variants had never been reported previously. Furthermore, these 33 variants were associated with 16 different disorders with overlapping clinical features characterized by development delay/intelligence disability (31/33; 93.9%), small hands (14/33; 42.4%), clinodactyly of the 5th finger (14/33; 42.4%), long eyelashes (13/33; 39.4%), and hearing impairment (9/33; 27.3%). Additionally, several associated phenotypes are reported for the first time: clubbing with KMT2A variant, webbed neck with SETD5 variant, retinal detachment with CREBBP variant, sparse lateral eyebrow with HUWE1 variant, and long palpebral fissure with eversion of the lateral third of the low eyelid with SRCAP variant.Conclusions: Our study provided a new conceptual framework for further understanding short stature. Specific clinical findings may indicate that a short-stature patient may have an epigenetic modified gene variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huakun Shangguan
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jinduan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Xiaozhen Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
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Cho SB. Comorbidity Genes of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Associated with Memory and Cognitive Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2211. [PMID: 38396891 PMCID: PMC10889845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are comorbidities that result from the sharing of common genes. The molecular background of comorbidities can provide clues for the development of treatment and management strategies. Here, the common genes involved in the development of the two diseases and in memory and cognitive function are reviewed. Network clustering based on protein-protein interaction network identified tightly connected gene clusters that have an impact on memory and cognition among the comorbidity genes of AD and T2DM. Genes with functional implications were intensively reviewed and relevant evidence summarized. Gene information will be useful in the discovery of biomarkers and the identification of tentative therapeutic targets for AD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Beom Cho
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 38-13, Dokgeom-ro 3 Street, Namdon-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
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Clark KJ, Lubin EE, Gonzalez EM, Sangree AK, Layo-Carris DE, Durham EL, Ahrens-Nicklas RC, Nomakuchi TT, Bhoj EJ. NeuroTri2-VISDOT: An open-access tool to harness the power of second trimester human single cell data to inform models of Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.01.578438. [PMID: 38352329 PMCID: PMC10862881 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.01.578438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Whole exome and genome sequencing, coupled with refined bioinformatic pipelines, have enabled improved diagnostic yields for individuals with Mendelian conditions and have led to the rapid identification of novel syndromes. For many Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), there is a lack of pre-existing model systems for mechanistic work. Thus, it is critical for translational researchers to have an accessible phenotype- and genotype-informed approach for model system selection. Single-cell RNA sequencing data can be informative in such an approach, as it can indicate which cell types express a gene of interest at the highest levels across time. For Mendelian NDDs, such data for the developing human brain is especially useful. A valuable single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of the second trimester developing human brain was produced by Bhaduri et al in 2021, but access to these data can be limited by computing power and the learning curve of single-cell data analysis. To reduce these barriers for translational research on Mendelian NDDs, we have built the web-based tool, Neurodevelopment in Trimester 2 - VIsualization of Single cell Data Online Tool (NeuroTri2-VISDOT), for exploring this single-cell dataset, and we have employed it in several different settings to demonstrate its utility for the translational research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J. Clark
- Biomedical Graduate School, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Emily E. Lubin
- Biomedical Graduate School, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Elizabeth M. Gonzalez
- Biomedical Graduate School, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Annabel K. Sangree
- Biomedical Graduate School, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
| | | | | | - Rebecca C. Ahrens-Nicklas
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine
| | | | - Elizabeth J. Bhoj
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine
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10
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Jin E, Le H, Jewell A, Couser NL. Genotype-phenotype analysis of ocular findings in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome - A case report and review of literature. Ophthalmic Genet 2024; 45:51-58. [PMID: 37017262 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2196341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare genetic syndrome with a wide range of phenotypic presentations, including characteristic facial features. A variety of ocular abnormalities have been described in patients with RSTS. The genetic etiology of RSTS is heterogeneous but often involves two major genes, CREBBP (cAMP-response element binding protein-binding protein) and EP300 (E1A binding protein p300), with CREBBP variants responsible for the majority of the cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report a new case of female patient with a novel variant in CREBBP (c.4495C>G), with clinical features consistent with RSTS. We performed a literature review to search for possible genotype-phenotype relationships between the type of variant in CREBBP and frequency of ocular presentations. A PubMed search generated 12 articles that met our inclusion criteria. With the addition of our patient, there were a total of 163 patients included for mutation analysis (164 variants given one patient had two different variants). RESULTS Our review revealed that the most common variant types were frameshift (25%), gross deletion (23%), nonsense (18%), and intragenic deletions (13%). There does not appear to be an obvious hot spot location. A total of 127 patients were included for genotype-phenotype analysis of ocular features (36 patients were excluded as unable to discern variant type). The most frequent ocular features in patients with RSTS were down-slanting palpebral fissure (74%), arched eyebrows (56%), long eyelashes (52%), and strabismus (23%). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that currently there is no clear genotype-phenotype relationship between the type of variant and frequency of associated ocular features in RSTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jin
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Hong Le
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ann Jewell
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Natario L Couser
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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11
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Aikoh T, Kanada S, Yokota N, Hashizume N, Watanabe K, Tsuru H. Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome with ileocecal volvulus: A case report. Pediatr Int 2024; 66:e15762. [PMID: 38780194 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Takato Aikoh
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kanada
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Yokota
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashizume
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Division of Pediatrics, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tsuru
- Division of Pediatrics, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
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12
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Zhang L, Zhu K, Xu J, Chen X, Sheng C, Zhang D, Yang Y, Sun L, Zhao H, Wang X, Tao B, Zhou L, Liu J. Acetyltransferases CBP/p300 Control Transcriptional Switch of β-Catenin and Stat1 Promoting Osteoblast Differentiation. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1885-1899. [PMID: 37850815 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
CREB-binding protein (CBP) (CREBBP) and p300 (EP300) are multifunctional histone acetyltransferases (HATs) with extensive homology. Germline mutations of CBP or p300 cause skeletal abnormalities in humans and mice. However, the precise roles of CBP/p300 in bone homeostasis remain elusive. Here, we report that conditional knockout of CBP or p300 in osteoblasts results in reduced bone mass and strength due to suppressed bone formation. The HAT activity is further confirmed to be responsible for CBP/p300-mediated osteogenesis using A-485, a selective inhibitor of CBP/p300 HAT. Mechanistically, CBP/p300 HAT governs osteogenic gene expression in part through transcriptional activation of β-catenin and inhibition of Stat1. Furthermore, acetylation of histone H3K27 and the transcription factor Foxo1 are demonstrated to be involved in CBP/p300 HAT-regulated β-catenin and Stat1 transcription, respectively. Taken together, these data identify acetyltransferases CBP/p300 as critical regulators that promote osteoblast differentiation and reveal an epigenetic mechanism responsible for maintaining bone homeostasis. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kecheng Zhu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingzun Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiang Sheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihao Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Libin Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Shah S, Sarasua SM, Boccuto L, Dean BC, Wang L. Brain Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Identifies 22q13 Region Genes Associated with Autism, Intellectual Disability, Seizures, Language Impairment, and Hypotonia. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1998. [PMID: 38002941 PMCID: PMC10671420 DOI: 10.3390/genes14111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder caused by 22q13 region deletions or SHANK3 gene variants. Deletions vary in size and can affect other genes in addition to SHANK3. PMS is characterized by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), developmental delays, seizures, speech delay, hypotonia, and minor dysmorphic features. It is challenging to determine individual gene contributions due to variability in deletion sizes and clinical features. We implemented a genomic data mining approach for identifying and prioritizing the candidate genes in the 22q13 region for five phenotypes: ASD, ID, seizures, language impairment, and hypotonia. Weighted gene co-expression networks were constructed using the BrainSpan transcriptome dataset of a human brain. Bioinformatic analyses of the co-expression modules allowed us to select specific candidate genes, including EP300, TCF20, RBX1, XPNPEP3, PMM1, SCO2, BRD1, and SHANK3, for the common neurological phenotypes of PMS. The findings help understand the disease mechanisms and may provide novel therapeutic targets for the precise treatment of PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Shah
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics, School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (S.S.); (L.B.)
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sara M. Sarasua
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics, School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (S.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Luigi Boccuto
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics, School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (S.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Brian C. Dean
- School of Computing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Liangjiang Wang
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
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14
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Negri ML, D'Annunzio S, Vitali G, Zippo A. May the force be with you: Nuclear condensates function beyond transcription control: Potential nongenetic functions of nuclear condensates in physiological and pathological conditions. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300075. [PMID: 37530178 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, research has revealed biomolecular condensates' relevance in diverse cellular functions. Through a phase separation process, they concentrate macromolecules in subcompartments shaping the cellular organization and physiology. In the nucleus, biomolecular condensates assemble relevant biomolecules that orchestrate gene expression. We here hypothesize that chromatin condensates can also modulate the nongenetic functions of the genome, including the nuclear mechanical properties. The importance of chromatin condensates is supported by the genetic evidence indicating that mutations in their members are causative of a group of rare Mendelian diseases named chromatinopathies (CPs). Despite a broad spectrum of clinical features and the perturbations of the epigenetic machinery characterizing the CPs, recent findings highlighted negligible changes in gene expression. These data argue in favor of possible noncanonical functions of chromatin condensates in regulating the genome's spatial organization and, consequently, the nuclear mechanics. In this review, we discuss how condensates may impact nuclear mechanical properties, thus affecting the cellular response to mechanical cues and, eventually, cell fate and identity. Chromatin condensates organize macromolecules in the nucleus orchestrating the transcription regulation and mutations in their members are responsible for rare diseases named chromatinopathies. We argue that chromatin condensates, in concert with the nuclear lamina, may also govern the nuclear mechanical properties affecting the cellular response to external cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luce Negri
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Sarah D'Annunzio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Giulia Vitali
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessio Zippo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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15
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Vincent KM, Graham GE. Exploring genotype-phenotype correlations in CREBBP: comment on the literature and description of an additional patient with an atypical outcome. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:975-976. [PMID: 37246193 PMCID: PMC10474082 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gail E Graham
- Department of Medical Genetics, CHEO, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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16
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Du C, Li Z, Zou B, Li X, Chen F, Liang Y, Luo X, Shu S. Novel heterozygous variants in the EP300 gene cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome 2: Reports from two Chinese children. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023; 11:e2192. [PMID: 37162176 PMCID: PMC10496081 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare autosomal-dominant genetic disease caused by variants of CREBBP (RSTS1) or EP300 (RSTS2) gene. RSTS2 is much less common, with less than 200 reported cases worldwide to date. More reports are still needed to increase the understanding of its clinical manifestations and genetic characteristics. METHODS The clinical data of two children with RSTS2 were analyzed retrospectively, and their clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, and mutational spectrum were summarized. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) technology was used to detect the levels of steroid hormones if possible. RESULTS After analyzing the clinical and genetic characteristics of two boys with RSTS2 (0.7 and 10.4 years old, respectively) admitted in our hospital, we identified two novel heterozygous variants in the EP300 exon 22 (c.3750C > A, p. Cys1250*, pathogenic; c.1889A > G, p. Tyr630Cys, likely pathogenic), which could account for their phenotype. In addition to common clinical manifestations such as special facial features, microcephaly, growth retardation, intellectual disability, speech delay, congenital heart defect, recurrent respiratory infections, and immunodeficiency, we found one of them had a rare feature of adrenal insufficiency, and LC-MS/MS detection showed an overall decrease in steroid hormones. CONCLUSION In our study, we identified two novel variants in the EP300 exon 22, and for the first time, we reported a case of RSTS2 associated with adrenal insufficiency, which will enrich the clinical and mutational spectrum of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqi Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhuoguang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of EndocrinologyShenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Biao Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiaoping Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Sainan Shu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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17
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Foreman J, Perrett D, Mazaika E, Hunt SE, Ware JS, Firth HV. DECIPHER: Improving Genetic Diagnosis Through Dynamic Integration of Genomic and Clinical Data. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:151-176. [PMID: 37285546 PMCID: PMC7615097 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-102822-100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
DECIPHER (Database of Genomic Variation and Phenotype in Humans Using Ensembl Resources) shares candidate diagnostic variants and phenotypic data from patients with genetic disorders to facilitate research and improve the diagnosis, management, and therapy of rare diseases. The platform sits at the boundary between genomic research and the clinical community. DECIPHER aims to ensure that the most up-to-date data are made rapidly available within its interpretation interfaces to improve clinical care. Newly integrated cardiac case-control data that provide evidence of gene-disease associations and inform variant interpretation exemplify this mission. New research resources are presented in a format optimized for use by a broad range of professionals supporting the delivery of genomic medicine. The interfaces within DECIPHER integrate and contextualize variant and phenotypic data, helping to determine a robust clinico-molecular diagnosis for rare-disease patients, which combines both variant classification and clinical fit. DECIPHER supports discovery research, connecting individuals within the rare-disease community to pursue hypothesis-driven research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Foreman
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom; ,
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Perrett
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom; ,
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Erica Mazaika
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; ,
| | - Sarah E Hunt
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom; ,
| | - James S Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; ,
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen V Firth
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom;
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18
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Cammarata-Scalisi F, Diociaiuti A, Cárdenas Tadich A, Sandoval X, Oranges T, Filippeschi C, Araya Castillo M, Willoughby CE, Cerri A, Gervasini C, Callea M. Dermatological findings in Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2023; 158:316-320. [PMID: 37282850 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome is a rare congenital multisystem syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern caused by mutations in CREBBP and EP300 genes in approximately 60% and 10% respectively. These genes encode two highly evolutionarily conserved, ubiquitously expressed, and homologous lysine-acetyltransferases, that are involved in number of basic cellular activities, such as DNA repair, cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, apoptosis of cells, and tumor suppression. It is mainly characterized by global developmental delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, postnatal retardation, microcephaly, skeletal anomalies including broad/short, angled thumbs and/or large first toes, short stature, and dysmorphic facial features. There is an increased risk to develop tumors mainly meningiomas and pilomatrixomas, without a clear genotype-phenotype correlation. Although not considered as characteristic manifestations, numerous cutaneous anomalies have also been reported in patients with this entity. Both susceptibility to the formation of keloids and pilomatricomas are the most often associated cutaneous features. In this review, we discuss the genetics, diagnosis, and clinical features in Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome with a review of the major dermatological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ximena Sandoval
- Pediatrics Service, Regional of Antofagasta Hospital, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Teresa Oranges
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Cesare Filippeschi
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Amilcare Cerri
- Dermatological Clinic, Department of Health Sciences, AO Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Callea
- Pediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
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19
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Tesfaye M, Jaholkowski P, Hindley GFL, Shadrin AA, Rahman Z, Bahrami S, Lin A, Holen B, Parker N, Cheng W, Rødevand L, Frei O, Djurovic S, Dale AM, Smeland OB, O'Connell KS, Andreassen OA. Shared genetic architecture between irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric disorders reveals molecular pathways of the gut-brain axis. Genome Med 2023; 15:60. [PMID: 37528461 PMCID: PMC10391890 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often co-occurs with psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified several genetic risk variants for IBS. However, most of the heritability remains unidentified, and the genetic overlap with psychiatric and somatic disorders is not quantified beyond genome-wide genetic correlations. Here, we characterize the genetic architecture of IBS, further, investigate its genetic overlap with psychiatric and gastrointestinal phenotypes, and identify novel genomic risk loci. METHODS Using GWAS summary statistics of IBS (53,400 cases and 433,201 controls), and psychiatric and gastrointestinal phenotypes, we performed bivariate casual mixture model analysis to characterize the genetic architecture and genetic overlap between these phenotypes. We leveraged identified genetic overlap to boost the discovery of genomic loci associated with IBS, and to identify specific shared loci associated with both IBS and psychiatric and gastrointestinal phenotypes, using the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (condFDR/conjFDR) framework. We used functional mapping and gene annotation (FUMA) for functional analyses. RESULTS IBS was highly polygenic with 12k trait-influencing variants. We found extensive polygenic overlap between IBS and psychiatric disorders and to a lesser extent with gastrointestinal diseases. We identified 132 independent IBS-associated loci (condFDR < 0.05) by conditioning on psychiatric disorders (n = 127) and gastrointestinal diseases (n = 24). Using conjFDR, 70 unique loci were shared between IBS and psychiatric disorders. Functional analyses of shared loci revealed enrichment for biological pathways of the nervous and immune systems. Genetic correlations and shared loci between psychiatric disorders and IBS subtypes were different. CONCLUSIONS We found extensive polygenic overlap of IBS and psychiatric and gastrointestinal phenotypes beyond what was revealed with genetic correlations. Leveraging the overlap, we discovered genetic loci associated with IBS which implicate a wide range of biological pathways beyond the gut-brain axis. Genetic differences may underlie the clinical subtype of IBS. These results increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of IBS which may form the basis for the development of individualized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markos Tesfaye
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Piotr Jaholkowski
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guy F L Hindley
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexey A Shadrin
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zillur Rahman
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aihua Lin
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Børge Holen
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nadine Parker
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Weiqiu Cheng
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Rødevand
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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20
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van Voorden AJ, Keijser R, Veenboer GJM, Lopes Cardozo SA, Diek D, Vlaardingerbroek JA, van Dijk M, Ris-Stalpers C, van Pelt AMM, Afink GB. EP300 facilitates human trophoblast stem cell differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217405120. [PMID: 37406095 PMCID: PMC10334808 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217405120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early placenta development involves cytotrophoblast differentiation into extravillous trophoblast (EVT) and syncytiotrophoblast (STB). Defective trophoblast development and function may result in severe pregnancy complications, including fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia. The incidence of these complications is increased in pregnancies of fetuses affected by Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, a developmental disorder predominantly caused by heterozygous mutations in CREB-binding protein (CREBBP) or E1A-binding protein p300 (EP300). Although the acetyltransferases CREBBP and EP300 are paralogs with many overlapping functions, the increased incidence of pregnancy complications is specific for EP300 mutations. We hypothesized that these complications have their origin in early placentation and that EP300 is involved in that process. Therefore, we investigated the role of EP300 and CREBBP in trophoblast differentiation, using human trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) and trophoblast organoids. We found that pharmacological CREBBP/EP300 inhibition blocks differentiation of TSCs into both EVT and STB lineages, and results in an expansion of TSC-like cells under differentiation-inducing conditions. Specific targeting by RNA interference or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis demonstrated that knockdown of EP300 but not CREBBP, inhibits trophoblast differentiation, consistent with the complications seen in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome pregnancies. By transcriptome sequencing, we identified transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA, encoding TGF-α) as being strongly upregulated upon EP300 knockdown. Moreover, supplementing differentiation medium with TGF-α, which is a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), likewise affected trophoblast differentiation and resulted in increased TSC-like cell proliferation. These findings suggest that EP300 facilitates trophoblast differentiation by interfering with at least EGFR signaling, pointing towards a crucial role for EP300 in early human placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Jantine van Voorden
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Remco Keijser
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geertruda J. M. Veenboer
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Solange A. Lopes Cardozo
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dina Diek
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer A. Vlaardingerbroek
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marie van Dijk
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carrie Ris-Stalpers
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ans M. M. van Pelt
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs B. Afink
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Schoof M, Epplen GD, Walter C, Ballast A, Holdhof D, Göbel C, Neyazi S, Varghese J, Albert TK, Kerl K, Schüller U. The tumor suppressor CREBBP and the oncogene MYCN cooperate to induce malignant brain tumors in mice. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:36. [PMID: 37407554 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor and chromatin modifier cAMP response element-binding protein binding protein (CREBBP) and v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma derived homolog (MYCN), a member of the MYC oncogene family, are critically involved in brain development. Both genes are frequently mutated in the same tumor entities, including high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma. Therefore, we hypothesized that alterations in both genes cooperate to induce brain tumor formation. For further investigation, hGFAP-cre::CrebbpFl/Fl::lsl-MYCN mice were generated, which combine Crebbp deletion with overexpression of MYCN in neural stem cells (NSCs). Within eight months, these animals developed aggressive forebrain tumors. The first tumors were detectable in the olfactory bulbs of seven-day-old mice. This location raises the possibility that presumptive founder cells are derived from the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ). To examine the cellular biology of these tumors, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed, which revealed high intratumoral heterogeneity. Data comparison with reference CNS cell types indicated the highest similarity of tumor cells with transit-amplifying NSCs or activated NSCs of the V-SVZ. Consequently, we analyzed V-SVZ NSCs of our mouse model aiming to confirm that the tumors originate from this stem cell niche. Mutant V-SVZ NSCs showed significantly increased cell viability and proliferation as well as reduced glial and neural differentiation in vitro compared to control cells. In summary, we demonstrate the oncogenic potential of a combined loss of function of CREBBP and overexpression of MYCN in this cell population. hGFAP-cre::CrebbpFl/Fl::lsl-MYCN mice thus provide a valuable tool to study tumor-driving mechanisms in a key neural stem/ progenitor cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Schoof
- Research Institute Children`s Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Carolin Walter
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Annika Ballast
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dörthe Holdhof
- Research Institute Children`s Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Göbel
- Research Institute Children`s Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sina Neyazi
- Research Institute Children`s Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Varghese
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Karl Albert
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kornelius Kerl
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Research Institute Children`s Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Huang X, Rui X, Zhang S, Qi X, Rong W, Sheng X. De novo variation in EP300 gene cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome 2 in a Chinese family with severe early-onset high myopia. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:84. [PMID: 37085840 PMCID: PMC10120144 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is characterized by distinctive facial features, broad and often angulated thumbs and halluces, short stature, and moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, classified into two types RSTS1 (CREBBP-RSTS) and RSTS2 (EP300-RSTS). More often, the clinical features are inconclusive and the diagnosis of RSTS is established in a proband with identification of a heterozygous pathogenic variant in CREBBP or EP300 to confirm the diagnosis. METHODS In this study, to describe an association between the clinical phenotype and the genotype of a RSTS2 patient who was initially diagnosed with severe early-onset high myopia (eoHM) from a healthy Chinese family, we tested the proband of this family by whole exome sequencing (WES) and further verified among other family members by Sanger sequencing. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect differences in the relative mRNA expression of candidate genes available in the proband and family members. Comprehensive ophthalmic tests as well as other systemic examinations were also performed on participants with various genotypes. RESULTS Whole-exome sequencing revealed that the proband carried the heterozygous frameshift deletion variant c.3714_3715del (p.Leu1239Glyfs*3) in the EP300 gene, which was not carried by the normal parents and young sister as verified by Sanger sequencing, indicating that the variant was de novo. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the mRNA expression of EP300 gene was lower in the proband than in other normal family members, indicating that such a variant caused an effect on gene function at the mRNA expression level. The variant was classified as pathogenic as assessed by the interpretation principles of HGMD sequence variants and ACMG guidelines. According to ACMG guidelines, the heterozygous frameshift deletion variant c.3714_3715del (p.Leu1239Glyfs*3) in the EP300 gene was more likely the pathogenic variant of this family with RSTS2. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, in this paper, we first report de novo heterozygous variation in EP300 causing eoHM-RSTS. Our study extends the genotypic spectrums for EP300-RSTS and better assists physicians in predicting, diagnosis, genetic counseling, eugenics guidance and gene therapy for EP300-RSTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, No.692 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xue Rui
- Eye Hospital, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
- Gansu Aier Ophthalmology and Optometry Hospital, 1228-437, Guazhou Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, 936 Huanghe East Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, 936 Huanghe East Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Weining Rong
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, 936 Huanghe East Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, 936 Huanghe East Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Xunlun Sheng
- Gansu Aier Ophthalmology and Optometry Hospital, 1228-437, Guazhou Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu, 730050, China.
- Gansu Aier Ophthalmology and Optometry Hospital, 1228 Guazhou Road, Qilihe Qu, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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Ajmone PF, Giani L, Allegri B, Michelini G, Dall'Ara F, Rigamonti C, Monti F, Vizziello PG, Selicorni A, Milani D, Scaini S, Costantino A. The developmental trajectories of the behavioral phenotype and neuropsychiatric functioning in Cornelia de Lange and Rubinstein Taybi syndromes: A longitudinal study. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:424-436. [PMID: 36373849 PMCID: PMC10099472 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several changes in the behavioral phenotype arise with the growth of children affected by Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) and Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome (RSTS). However, previous research relied on a cross-sectional study design turning into age-related comparisons of different syndromic cohorts to explore age-dependent changes. We aim to outline the variating pathways of the neuropsychiatric functioning across the lifespan in CdLS and RSTS, through the setting up of a longitudinal study design. The sample included 14 patients with CdLS and 15 with RSTS. The assessments were carried out in two different timepoints. Our findings highlight that the cognitive profile of CdLS is subjected to a worsening trend with decreasing Intellectual Quotient (IQ) scores from T0 to T1, whereas RSTS shows a stable IQ over time. Patients affected by RSTS show greater improvements compared to CdLS in communication, daily living skills, social abilities, and motor skills across the lifespan. Both syndromes report an upward trend in behavioral and emotional difficulties even if CdLS exhibit a significant and major deterioration compared to individuals with RSTS. Being aware of the early dysfunctional patterns which might pave the way for later neuropsychiatric impairments is the first step for planning preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Francesca Ajmone
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Giani
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Allegri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Dall'Ara
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Rigamonti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Monti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giovanna Vizziello
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Milani
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Scaini
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Costantino
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Yang Y, Xiao J, Ye Y, Xiang J, Wang Z, Chen J. Case report: A preterm infant with rubinstein-taybi syndrome and Marmorata telangiectatica harboring a frameshift mutation in the CREBBP gene. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1059658. [PMID: 36937962 PMCID: PMC10022664 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1059658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited disease characterized by slow mental and physical growth, skeletal abnormalities (broad thumbs and big toes), and dysmorphic facial features. RSTS is associated with de novo variants of the epigenetic-associated gene CREBBP. RSTS is primarily diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and genetic testing. Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a rare, congenital, and typically benign vascular anomaly of unknown etiology; it is described as persistent reticulated marbled erythema. The diagnosis of CMTC is largely based on clinical features, and GNA11 mutations are associated with CMTC. In this case report, we describe the case of a preterm infant (boy) with RSTS and CMTC who had a novel frameshift mutation leading to a premature stop codon in the CREBBP gene. This study adds the novel mutation c.5837dupC to the known molecular spectrum of disease-causing CREBBP gene mutations.
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25
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Novel Candidate Genes for Non-Syndromic Tooth Agenesis Identified Using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206089. [PMID: 36294409 PMCID: PMC9605476 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic tooth agenesis (ns-TA) is one of the most common dental anomalies characterized by the congenital absence of at least one permanent tooth (excluding third molars). Regarding the essential role of genetic factors in ns-TA aetiology, the present study aimed to identify novel pathogenic variants underlying hypodontia and oligodontia. In a group of 65 ns-TA patients and 127 healthy individuals from the genetically homogenous Polish population, the coding sequences of 423 candidate genes were screened using targeted next-generation sequencing. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were identified in 37 (56.92%) patients, including eight nucleotide alternations of genes not previously implicated in ns-TA (CHD7, CREBBP, EVC, LEF1, ROR2, TBX22 and TP63). However, since only single variants were detected, future research is required to confirm and fully understand their role in the aetiology of ns-TA. Additionally, our results support the importance of already known ns-TA candidate genes (AXIN2, EDA, EDAR, IRF6, LAMA3, LRP6, MSX1, PAX9 and WNT10A) and provide additional evidence that ns-TA might be an oligogenic condition involving the cumulative effect of rare variants in two or more distinct genes.
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26
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Levetan C, Van Gils J, Saba A, Rodríguez-Fonseca C, Fieggen K, Tooke L. Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome: Presentation in the First Month of Life. J Pediatr 2022; 249:106-110. [PMID: 35803299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This web-based survey of 311 respondents from 25 countries provides additional information about the early presentation of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. Most (86%) infants present during the neonatal period, with 69% of these within 24 hours of life. Prolonged hospital stay is common (61%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Levetan
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julien Van Gils
- Medical Genetics Department, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Karen Fieggen
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lloyd Tooke
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Musante L, Faletra F, Meier K, Tomoum H, Najarzadeh Torbati P, Blair E, North S, Gärtner J, Diegmann S, Beiraghi Toosi M, Ashrafzadeh F, Ghayoor Karimiani E, Murphy D, Murru FM, Zanus C, Magnolato A, La Bianca M, Feresin A, Girotto G, Gasparini P, Costa P, Carrozzi M. TTC5 syndrome: Clinical and molecular spectrum of a severe and recognizable condition. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2652-2665. [PMID: 35670379 PMCID: PMC9541101 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Biallelic mutations in the TTC5 gene have been associated with autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) and subsequently with an ID syndrome including severe speech impairment, cerebral atrophy, and hypotonia as clinical cornerstones. A TTC5 role in IDs has been proposed based on the physical interaction of TTC5 with p300, and possibly reducing p300 co-activator complex activity, similarly to what was observed in Menke-Hennekam 1 and 2 patients (MKHK1 and 2) carrying, respectively, mutations in exon 30 and 31 of CREBBP and EP300, which code for the TTC5-binding region. Recently, TTC5-related brain malformation has been linked to tubulinopathies due to the function of TTC5 in tubulins' dynamics. We reported seven new patients with novel or recurrent TTC5 variants. The deep characterization of the molecular and phenotypic spectrum confirmed TTC5-related disorder as a recognizable, very severe neurodevelopmental syndrome. In addition, other relevant clinical aspects, including a severe pre- and postnatal growth retardation, cryptorchidism, and epilepsy, have emerged from the reversal phenotype approach and the review of already published TTC5 cases. Microcephaly and facial dysmorphism resulted in being less variable than that documented before. The TTC5 clinical features have been compared with MKHK1 published cases in the hypothesis that clinical overlap in some characteristics of the two conditions was related to the common p300 molecular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Musante
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Flavio Faletra
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Kolja Meier
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Hoda Tomoum
- Department of PediatricsAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | | | - Edward Blair
- Oxford Centre for Genomic MedicineOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Sally North
- Oxford Centre for Genomic MedicineOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Susann Diegmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Mehran Beiraghi Toosi
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Ghaem HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Farah Ashrafzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Department of Molecular GeneticsNext Generation Genetic PolyclinicMashhadIran
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences InstituteSt. George's, University of LondonLondonUK
- Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMashhadIran
| | - David Murphy
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Flora Maria Murru
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Caterina Zanus
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Andrea Magnolato
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Agnese Feresin
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Paola Costa
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
| | - Marco Carrozzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health ‐ IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”TriesteItaly
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Wang Q, Wang C, Wei WB, Rong WN, Shi XY. A novel CREBBP mutation and its phenotype in a case of Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:182. [PMID: 35986282 PMCID: PMC9389776 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was to report a novel CREBBP mutation and phenotype in a child with Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome. Methods Case report of a 9-year-old boy. Results We described the patient’s clinical manifestations in detail, and found that in addition to the typical systemic manifestations of the syndrome, the outstanding manifestation of the child was severe intellectual deficiency and prominent ocular abnormalities. Whole-exome sequencing and sanger sequencing were performed on the patient and his parents, a large intragenic deletion, covering the exon 1 region and part of the intron 1 region of the TRAP1 gene, and the entire region from intron 27 to exon 30 of the CREBBP gene (chr16:3745393-3783894) was identified on the patient. This mutation affected the CREBBP histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain. Conclusions This findings in our patient add to the spectrum of genetic variants described in Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome and present a RSTS patient with various ocular anomalies including early onset glaucoma.
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Rooney K, Sadikovic B. DNA Methylation Episignatures in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated with Large Structural Copy Number Variants: Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147862. [PMID: 35887210 PMCID: PMC9324454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Large structural chromosomal deletions and duplications, referred to as copy number variants (CNVs), play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) through effects on gene dosage. This review focuses on our current understanding of genomic disorders that arise from large structural chromosome rearrangements in patients with NDDs, as well as difficulties in overlap of clinical presentation and molecular diagnosis. We discuss the implications of epigenetics, specifically DNA methylation (DNAm), in NDDs and genomic disorders, and consider the implications and clinical impact of copy number and genomic DNAm testing in patients with suspected genetic NDDs. We summarize evidence of global methylation episignatures in CNV-associated disorders that can be used in the diagnostic pathway and may provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of genomic disorders. Finally, we discuss the potential for combining CNV and DNAm assessment into a single diagnostic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Rooney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-519-685-8500 (ext. 53074)
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Chakraborty R, Ostriker AC, Xie Y, Dave JM, Gamez-Mendez A, Chatterjee P, Abu Y, Valentine J, Lezon-Geyda K, Greif DM, Schulz VP, Gallagher PG, Sessa WC, Hwa J, Martin KA. Histone Acetyltransferases p300 and CBP Coordinate Distinct Chromatin Remodeling Programs in Vascular Smooth Muscle Plasticity. Circulation 2022; 145:1720-1737. [PMID: 35502657 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.057599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching contributes to cardiovascular diseases. Epigenetic regulation is emerging as a key regulatory mechanism, with the methylcytosine dioxygenase TET2 acting as a master regulator of smooth muscle cell phenotype. The histone acetyl-transferases p300 and CREB-binding protein (CBP) are highly homologous and often considered to be interchangeable, and their roles in smooth muscle cell phenotypic regulation are not known. METHODS We assessed the roles of p300 and CBP in human VSMC with knockdown, in inducible smooth muscle-specific knockout mice (inducible knockout [iKO]; p300iKO or CBPiKO), and in samples of human intimal hyperplasia. RESULTS P300, CBP, and histone acetylation were differently regulated in VSMCs undergoing phenotypic switching and in vessel remodeling after vascular injury. Medial p300 expression and activity were repressed by injury, but CBP and histone acetylation were induced in neointima. Knockdown experiments revealed opposing effects of p300 and CBP in the VSMC phenotype: p300 promoted contractile protein expression and inhibited migration, but CBP inhibited contractile genes and enhanced migration. p300iKO mice exhibited severe intimal hyperplasia after arterial injury compared with controls, whereas CBPiKO mice were entirely protected. In normal aorta, p300iKO reduced, but CBPiKO enhanced, contractile protein expression and contractility compared with controls. Mechanistically, we found that these histone acetyl-transferases oppositely regulate histone acetylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, and PolII (RNA polymerase II) binding to promoters of differentiation-specific contractile genes. Our data indicate that p300 and TET2 function together, because p300 was required for TET2-dependent hydroxymethylation of contractile promoters, and TET2 was required for p300-dependent acetylation of these loci. TET2 coimmunoprecipitated with p300, and this interaction was enhanced by rapamycin but repressed by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) treatment, with p300 promoting TET2 protein stability. CBP did not associate with TET2, but instead facilitated recruitment of histone deacetylases (HDAC2, HDAC5) to contractile protein promoters. Furthermore, CBP inhibited TET2 mRNA levels. Immunostaining of cardiac allograft vasculopathy samples revealed that p300 expression is repressed but CBP is induced in human intimal hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS This work reveals that p300 and CBP serve nonredundant and opposing functions in VSMC phenotypic switching and coordinately regulate chromatin modifications through distinct functional interactions with TET2 or HDACs. Targeting specific histone acetyl-transferases may hold therapeutic promise for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chakraborty
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Allison C Ostriker
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Yi Xie
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jui M Dave
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Genetics (J.M.D., D.M.G., P.G.G.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ana Gamez-Mendez
- Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Payel Chatterjee
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Yaw Abu
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jake Valentine
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kimberly Lezon-Geyda
- Pediatrics (K.L.-G., V.P.S., P.G.G.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Daniel M Greif
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Genetics (J.M.D., D.M.G., P.G.G.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Vincent P Schulz
- Pediatrics (K.L.-G., V.P.S., P.G.G.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Patrick G Gallagher
- Genetics (J.M.D., D.M.G., P.G.G.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pediatrics (K.L.-G., V.P.S., P.G.G.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - William C Sessa
- Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - John Hwa
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., J.M.D., P.C., Y.A., J.V., D.M.G., J.H., K.A.M), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Pharmacology (R.C., A.C.O., Y.X., A.G.-M., P.C., Y.A., J.V., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Nothof SA, Magdinier F, Van-Gils J. Chromatin Structure and Dynamics: Focus on Neuronal Differentiation and Pathological Implication. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040639. [PMID: 35456445 PMCID: PMC9029427 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin structure is an essential regulator of gene expression. Its state of compaction contributes to the regulation of genetic programs, in particular during differentiation. Epigenetic processes, which include post-translational modifications of histones, DNA methylation and implication of non-coding RNA, are powerful regulators of gene expression. Neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation are spatio-temporally regulated events that allow the formation of the central nervous system components. Here, we review the chromatin structure and post-translational histone modifications associated with neuronal differentiation. Studying the impact of histone modifications on neuronal differentiation improves our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of chromatinopathies and opens up new therapeutic avenues. In addition, we will discuss techniques for the analysis of histone modifications on a genome-wide scale and the pathologies associated with the dysregulation of the epigenetic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A. Nothof
- Marseille Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, Inserm, CEDEX 05, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.A.N.); (F.M.)
| | - Frédérique Magdinier
- Marseille Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, Inserm, CEDEX 05, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.A.N.); (F.M.)
| | - Julien Van-Gils
- Marseille Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, Inserm, CEDEX 05, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.A.N.); (F.M.)
- Reference Center AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Inserm U 1211, Medical Genetics Department, Bordeaux University, Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Correspondence:
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Pauli S, Berger H, Ufartes R, Borchers A. Comparing a Novel Malformation Syndrome Caused by Pathogenic Variants in FBRSL1 to AUTS2 Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:779009. [PMID: 34805182 PMCID: PMC8602103 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.779009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Truncating variants in specific exons of Fibrosin-like protein 1 (FBRSL1) were recently reported to cause a novel malformation and intellectual disability syndrome. The clinical spectrum includes microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, cleft palate, skin creases, skeletal anomalies and contractures, postnatal growth retardation, global developmental delay as well as respiratory problems, hearing impairment and heart defects. The function of FBRSL1 is largely unknown, but pathogenic variants in the FBRSL1 paralog Autism Susceptibility Candidate 2 (AUTS2) are causative for an intellectual disability syndrome with microcephaly (AUTS2 syndrome). Some patients with AUTS2 syndrome also show additional symptoms like heart defects and contractures overlapping with the phenotype presented by patients with FBRSL1 mutations. For AUTS2, a dual function, depending on different isoforms, was described and suggested for FBRSL1. Both, nuclear FBRSL1 and AUTS2 are components of the Polycomb subcomplexes PRC1.3 and PRC1.5. These complexes have essential roles in developmental processes, cellular differentiation and proliferation by regulating gene expression via histone modification. In addition, cytoplasmic AUTS2 controls neural development, neuronal migration and neurite extension by regulating the cytoskeleton. Here, we review recent data on FBRSL1 in respect to previously published data on AUTS2 to gain further insights into its molecular function, its role in development as well as its impact on human genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Pauli
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hanna Berger
- Faculty of Biology, Molecular Embryology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roser Ufartes
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annette Borchers
- Faculty of Biology, Molecular Embryology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Martins F, Roussen AC, Rezende N, Hiraoka C, Zamunaro M, Gallottini M. Oral and cephalometric study in Brazilian Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome patients. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 42:143-148. [PMID: 34590347 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe a detailed investigation of craniofacial and dental characteristics in a group of Brazilian Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirteen RSTS patients treated in a special care dental clinic after 10 years were studied. Panoramic radiographs were obtained from all patients, and cephalometric analysis was performed in eight patients. Five male and eight white female patients with a median age of 11.7 years were analyzed. All the RSTS patients were mouth breathers and presented malocclusion, transverse hypoplastic maxilla, nine subjects (9/13; 69.2%) had posterior crossbite, and eight (61.53%) exhibited talon cusps. Most patients presented class II skeletal pattern and were brachycephalic. Regarding systemic disorders, one patient (7.69%) reported seizure episodes during childhood, and four patients (30.76%) presented heart valve disorders. All patients presented reduced attention span, low intolerance to dental interventions, impulsiveness, and irritability. CONCLUSIONS Since RSTS exhibits oral and skeletal changes, early dental treatment is essential for these patients. Dentists must be aware of medical problems related to heart disease and persist in conditioning techniques to obtain cooperation and avoid dental care under general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Martins
- Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, University of Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Clelia Roussen
- Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Rezende
- Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cybelle Hiraoka
- Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Zamunaro
- Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Gallottini
- Special Care Dentistry Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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