Use of Motivational Interviewing in Older Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions and Their Informal Caregivers: A Scoping Review

Motivational interviewing in postoperative rehabilitation and chronic disease management: Current findings and future research directions

This editorial highlights a recently published study examining the effectiveness of music therapy combined with motivational interviewing (MI) in addressing anxiety and depression among young and middle-aged patients following percutaneous coronary intervention. It further explores existing evidence and potential future research directions for MI in postoperative rehabilitation and chronic disease management. MI aims to facilitate behavioral change and promote healthier lifestyles by fostering a trusting relationship with patients and enhancing intrinsic motivation. Research has demonstrated its effectiveness in postoperative recovery for oncological surgery, stroke, organ transplants, and gastrointestinal procedures, as well as in managing chronic conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and periodontal disease. The approach is patient-centered, adaptable, cost-effective, and easily replicable, though its limitations include reliance on the therapist's expertise, variability in individual responses, and insufficient long-term follow-up studies. Future research could focus on developing individualized and precise intervention models, exploring applications in digital health management, and confirming long-term outcomes to provide more comprehensive support for patient rehabilitation.

Motivational interviewing to support medication adherence in older patients: Barriers and facilitators for implementing in hospital setting according to healthcare professionals

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to understand through Healthcare professionals' (HCPs) opinions the barriers and facilitators to implement MI in older hospitalized patients.

METHODS

A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was performed among 23 HCPs involved in the medication management of older hospitalized patients (geriatricians, nurses, psychologists and pharmacists). A thematic analysis was conducted using a deductive approach through the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF), and an inductive approach.

RESULTS

The thematic analysis reported 25 factors influencing MI implementation, mapped into 8 TDF themes, and including 13 facilitators, 8 barriers, and 4 both. The main factors identified were: 'cognitive and sensory disorders' (barrier), 'having dedicated time and HCPs' (facilitator and barrier), and the 'HCP's awareness about MI' (facilitator). Ten factors were identified as specific to the older population.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementing MI in a hospital setting with older patients presented both barriers and facilitators.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

To ensure successful MI implementation, it is important to take into account the older patients' context, the hospital environment, and the HCPs-related factors.