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Xu B, Mei S, Wu W, Liu Q, Xie K. Association of formaldehyde concentration with depression risk in US adults: a population-based epidemiology study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:98261-98270. [PMID: 37606783 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The association of formaldehyde exposure with depression remains unknown. We used the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016 to evaluate the association between formaldehyde exposure and depression. Multivariable logistic regressions and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were implemented to examine the association between formaldehyde exposure and depression. A total of 1336 participants were included in the analysis, of which 110 (8.23%) participants were depressed. After adjusting for confounders, a significant association between formaldehyde exposure and depression (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02, P = 0.043) was observed. The RCS plot showed a positive association in a linear manner (PNonlinear = 0.109), and the risk began to rise rapidly with concentrations above 129.37 nmol/g HB. The positive association remained in participants with high-intensity physical activity (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.13, P = 0.003), but not in participants with other physical activities. Moreover, we constructed a novel nomogram to easily estimate the individual-specific probabilities of depression. In conclusion, formaldehyde exposure was associated with an elevated risk of depression, and the effect exhibited differences in participants with different levels of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shijuan Mei
- Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Wanke Wu
- Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Kaipeng Xie
- Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
- Department of Public Health, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
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Di YL, Yu Y, Zhao SJ, Huang N, Fei XC, Yao DD, Ai L, Lyu JH, He RQ, Li JJ, Tong ZQ. Formic acid induces hypertension-related hemorrhage in hSSAO TG in mice and human. Exp Neurol 2022; 358:114208. [PMID: 35988700 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a confirmed risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage in humans. Which endogenous factor directly induces hypertension-related hemorrhage is unclear. In this study, 42 hemorrhagic patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia and 42 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. The contents of serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) and formic acid (FC, FC is a final product of SSAO through the oxidation of endogenous formaldehyde, which results from the enzymatic oxidative deamination of the SSAO substrate, methylamine) were examined in the patients after stroke. Hemorrhagic areas were quantified by computer tomography. In the animal study, hemorrhagic degree was assessed by hemotoxylin & eosin or tissue hemoglobin kits. The relationship between FC and blood pressure/hemorrhagic degree was examined in wild-type mice and hSSAOTG mice fed with high-fat diets or high-fat and -salt diets. The results showed that the levels of serum FC were positively correlated with blood pressure and hemorrhagic areas in hemorrhagic patients. Transfection of microRNA-134 could enhance SSAO expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Consistently, after treatment with high-fat and -salt diets, hSSAOTG mice exhibited higher levels of miR134 and FC, higher blood pressure, and more severe hemorrhage than wild-type mice. Interestingly, folic acid reduced hypertension and hemorrhage in hSSAOTG mice fed with high-fat diets. These findings suggest that FC is a crucial endogenous factor for hypertension and hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lan Di
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health, Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Chinese institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing Boai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Zhao
- Chinese institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing Boai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nayan Huang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Chao Fei
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Ai
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Hui Lyu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Qiao He
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Chinese institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing Boai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Qian Tong
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health, Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Unusual Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Properties in Adjuvant Therapy Supporting Cognition Impairment in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910707. [PMID: 34639048 PMCID: PMC8509433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function decline is strictly related to age, resulting in the loss of the ability to perform daily behaviors and is a fundamental clinical neurodegeneration symptom. It has been proven that an adequate diet, comprehensive nutrition, and a healthy lifestyle may significantly inhibit neurodegenerative processes, improving cognitive functions. Therefore, intensive research has been conducted on cognitive-enhancing treatment for many years, especially with substances of natural origin. There are several intervention programs aimed at improving cognitive functions in elderly adults. Cognitive functions depend on body weight, food consumed daily, the quality of the intestinal microflora, and the supplements used. The effectiveness in the prevention of dementia is particularly high before the onset of the first symptoms. The impact of diet and nutrition on age-associated cognitive decline is becoming a growing field as a vital factor that may be easily modified, and the effects may be observed on an ongoing basis. The paper presents a review of the latest preclinical and clinical studies on the influence of natural antioxidants on cognitive functions, with particular emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, despite the promising research results in animal models, the clinical application of natural compounds will only be possible after solving a few challenges.
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Zhao H, Huang X, Tong Z. Formaldehyde-Crosslinked Nontoxic Aβ Monomers to Form Toxic Aβ Dimers and Aggregates: Pathogenicity and Therapeutic Perspectives. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3376-3390. [PMID: 34396700 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of senile plaques in the brain. However, medicines targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) have not achieved the expected clinical effects. This review focuses on the formation mechanism of the Aβ dimer (the basic unit of oligomers and fibrils) and its tremendous potential as a drug target. Recently, age-associated formaldehyde and Aβ-derived formaldehyde have been found to crosslink the nontoxic Aβ monomer to form the toxic dimers, oligomers and fibrils. Particularly, Aβ-induced formaldehyde accumulation and formaldehyde-promoted Aβ aggregation form a vicious cycle. Subsequently, formaldehyde initiates Aβ toxicity in both the early-and late-onset AD. These facts also explain why AD drugs targeting only Aβ do not have the desired therapeutic effects. Development of the nanoparticle-based medicines targeting both formaldehyde and Aβ dimer is a promising strategy for improving the drug efficacy by penetrating blood-brain barrier and extracellular space into the cortical neurons in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuerong Huang
- Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Department of Neurology, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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Melhuish Beaupre LM, Brown GM, Gonçalves VF, Kennedy JL. Melatonin's neuroprotective role in mitochondria and its potential as a biomarker in aging, cognition and psychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:339. [PMID: 34078880 PMCID: PMC8172874 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an ancient molecule that is evident in high concentrations in various tissues throughout the body. It can be separated into two pools; one of which is synthesized by the pineal and can be found in blood, and the second by various tissues and is present in these tissues. Pineal melatonin levels display a circadian rhythm while tissue melatonin does not. For decades now, melatonin has been implicated in promoting and maintaining sleep. More recently, evidence indicates that it also plays an important role in neuroprotection. The beginning of our review will summarize this literature. As an amphiphilic, pleiotropic indoleamine, melatonin has both direct actions and receptor-mediated effects. For example, melatonin has established effects as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger both in vitro and in animal models. This is also evident in melatonin's prominent role in mitochondria, which is reviewed in the next section. Melatonin is synthesized in, taken up by, and concentrated in mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondria are also the major source of reactive oxygen species as a byproduct of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. The final section of our review summarizes melatonin's potential role in aging and psychiatric disorders. Pineal and tissue melatonin levels both decline with age. Pineal melatonin declines in individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders. Melatonin's ability to act as a neuroprotectant opens new avenues of exploration for the molecule as it may be a potential treatment for cases with neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Melhuish Beaupre
- Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory M Brown
- Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa F Gonçalves
- Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Single Point Mutation from E22-to-K in A β Initiates Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease by Binding with Catalase. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2020:4981204. [PMID: 33425208 PMCID: PMC7775154 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4981204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a critical etiological factor for late-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, an early-onset AD has been found to be related with an Aβ mutation in glutamic acid 22-to-lysine (Italian type E22K). Why only one single point mutation at E22 residue induces AD remains unclear. Here, we report that a Chinese familial AD pedigree with E22K mutation was associated with higher levels of serum hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lower activity of catalase (a H2O2 degrading enzyme) than controls. Further, we found that E22K binding with catalase caused more severe H2O2 accumulation in the brains of E22K-injected rats than Aβ-injected rats. Unexpectedly, H2O2 bound with the mutation site 22K residue of E22K and elicited more rapid aggregation of E22K than Aβ in vitro. Moreover, H2O2 acted with E22K synergistically to induce higher cellular toxicity than with Aβ. Notably, intrahippocampal infusion of E22K led to more severe plaque deposition, neuron death, and more rapid memory decline than Aβ-injected rats. However, L-cysteine, a H2O2 scavenger, not only prevented self-aggregation of E22K but also reduced H2O2-promoted E22K assembly in vitro; subsequently, it alleviated Alzheimer-related phenotypes. Hence, E22K binding with catalase promotes the early onset of familial AD, and L-cys may reverse this disease.
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Bernardini L, Barbosa E, Charão MF, Brucker N. Formaldehyde toxicity reports from in vitro and in vivo studies: a review and updated data. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:972-984. [PMID: 32686516 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1795190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is a xenobiotic air pollutant and its universal distribution causes a widespread exposure to humans. This review aimed to bring updated information concerning FA toxicity in humans and animals based on in vitro and in vivo studies from 2013 to 2019. Researches were carried out in Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases to determine the effects of FA exposure on inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in experimental studies with animals (rats and mice) and humans. Besides, in vitro studies assessing FA cytotoxicity focusing on cell viability and apoptosis in different cell line cultures were reviewed. Studies with humans gave evidence regarding significant deleterious effects on health associated to chronic FA occupational exposure. Evaluations carried out in experimental studies showed toxic effects on different organs as lung, upper respiratory tract, bone marrow and brain as well as in cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that knowing the mechanisms underlying FA toxicity is essential to understand the deleterious effects that this xenobiotic causes on biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Bernardini
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Barbosa
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Wang F, Chen D, Wu P, Klein C, Jin C. Formaldehyde, Epigenetics, and Alzheimer's Disease. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:820-830. [PMID: 30964647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The accumulation of β-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein are two hallmarks of AD. The β-amyloid and tau proteins have been at the center of AD research and drug development for decades. However, most of the clinical trials targeting β-amyloid have failed. Whereas the safety and efficacy of most tau-targeting drugs have not yet been completely assessed, the first tau aggregation inhibitor, LMTX, failed in a late-stage trial, leading to further recognition of the complexities of AD and reconsideration of the amyloid hypothesis and perhaps the tau hypothesis as well. Multilevel complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors contribute to the occurrence and progression of AD. Formaldehyde (FA) is a widespread environmental organic pollutant. It is also an endogenous metabolite in the human body. Recent studies suggest that elevation of FA in the body by endogenous and/or exogenous exposure may play important roles in AD development. We have demonstrated that FA reduces lysine acetylation of cytosolic histones, thereby compromising chromatin assembly and resulting in the loss of histone content in chromatin, a conserved feature of aging from yeast to humans. Aging is an important factor for AD progression. Therefore, FA-induced inhibition of chromatin assembly and the loss of histones may contribute to AD initiation and/or development. This review will briefly summarize current knowledge on mechanistic insights into AD, focusing on epigenetic alterations and the involvement of FA in AD development. The exploration of chemical exposures as contributing factors to AD may provide new insights into AD mechanisms and could identify potential novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Public Health , China Medical University , Shenyang 110122 , China
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Zhang J, Yue X, Luo H, Jiang W, Mei Y, Ai L, Gao G, Wu Y, Yang H, An J, Ding S, Yang X, Sun B, Luo W, He R, Jia J, Lyu J, Tong Z. Illumination with 630 nm Red Light Reduces Oxidative Stress and Restores Memory by Photo-Activating Catalase and Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase in SAMP8 Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1432-1449. [PMID: 29869529 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pharmacological treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not resulted in desirable clinical efficacy over 100 years. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive and the most stable compound of reactive oxygen species, contributes to oxidative stress in AD patients. In this study, we designed a medical device to emit red light at 630 ± 15 nm from a light-emitting diode (LED-RL) and investigated whether the LED-RL reduces brain H2O2 levels and improves memory in senescence-accelerated prone 8 mouse (SAMP8) model of age-related dementia. RESULTS We found that age-associated H2O2 directly inhibited formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH). FDH inactivity and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) disorder resulted in endogenous formaldehyde (FA) accumulation. Unexpectedly, excess FA, in turn, caused acetylcholine (Ach) deficiency by inhibiting choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the 630 nm red light can penetrate the skull and the abdomen with light penetration rates of ∼49% and ∼43%, respectively. Illumination with LED-RL markedly activated both catalase and FDH in the brains, cultured cells, and purified protein solutions, all reduced brain H2O2 and FA levels and restored brain Ach contents. Consequently, LED-RL not only prevented early-stage memory decline but also rescued late-stage memory deficits in SAMP8 mice. INNOVATION We developed a phototherapeutic device with 630 nm red light, and this LED-RL reduced brain H2O2 levels and reversed age-related memory disorders. CONCLUSIONS The phototherapy of LED-RL has low photo toxicity and high rate of tissue penetration and noninvasively reverses aging-associated cognitive decline. This finding opens a promising opportunity to translate LED-RL into clinical treatment for patients with dementia. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Zhang
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Center for Cognitive Disorders , Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpei Yue
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Luo
- 3 Central Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College , Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjing Jiang
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Center for Cognitive Disorders , Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Mei
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 4 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Ai
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Ge Gao
- 5 Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- 6 Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- 5 Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jieran An
- 7 Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Shumao Ding
- 7 Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- 7 Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Binggui Sun
- 4 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhong Luo
- 3 Central Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College , Guangdong, China
| | - Rongqiao He
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 8 State Key Laboratory of Brain & Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 9 Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of the Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Jihui Lyu
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Center for Cognitive Disorders , Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
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Zhu R, Chen R, Duo Y, Zhang S, Xie D, Mei Y. An Industrial Scale Synthesis of Adipicdihydrazide (ADH)/Polyacrylate Hybrid with Excellent Formaldehyde Degradation Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11010086. [PMID: 30960072 PMCID: PMC6402022 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple and versatile route for industrial scale synthesis of adipicdihydrazide (ADH)/polymer hybrids with excellent performance of formaldehyde degradation is proposed in this paper. The ADH compound is uniformly dispersed in poly(methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid) (P(MMA-BA-MAA)) latex, which is validated by UV and dispersibility tests. The results illustrate that ADH has excellent compatibility and dispersion stability without affecting the film formation of the polymer latex. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mapping analysis of the hybrid films also demonstrate that ADH is homogenously dispersed in the polymer matrix. Compared with neat polymers, the thermal properties of hybrid films are improved, for example, T0.5 increases by 8.3 °C. According to qualitative tests of the 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazol-red/green/blue (AHMT-RGB) method, the hybrid films demonstrate high formaldehyde removal efficiency. On the basis of the semi-quantitative test of Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements, the rate of formaldehyde degradation can reach 1.034 × 102 mol/(h·m3) for the hybrid film with 5 wt% ADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Renjie Chen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yunxia Duo
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Saigang Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Delong Xie
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yi Mei
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Huang J, Lu Y, Zhang B, Yang S, Zhang Q, Cui H, Lu X, Zhao Y, Yang X, Li R. Antagonistic effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on neurotoxicity induced by formaldehyde. Toxicology 2019; 412:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Anderson G. Linking the biological underpinnings of depression: Role of mitochondria interactions with melatonin, inflammation, sirtuins, tryptophan catabolites, DNA repair and oxidative and nitrosative stress, with consequences for classification and cognition. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 80:255-266. [PMID: 28433458 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiological underpinnings of neuroprogressive processes in recurrent major depressive disorder (rMDD) are reviewed. A wide array of biochemical processes underlie MDD presentations and their shift to a recurrent, neuroprogressive course, including: increased immune-inflammation, tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs), mitochondrial dysfunction, aryl hydrocarbonn receptor activation, and oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS), as well as decreased sirtuins and melatonergic pathway activity. These biochemical changes may have their roots in central, systemic and/or peripheral sites, including in the gut, as well as in developmental processes, such as prenatal stressors and breastfeeding consequences. Consequently, conceptualizations of MDD have dramatically moved from simple psychological and central biochemical models, such as lowered brain serotonin, to a conceptualization that incorporates whole body processes over a lifespan developmental timescale. However, important hubs are proposed, including the gut-brain axis, and mitochondrial functioning, which may provide achievable common treatment targets despite considerable inter-individual variability in biochemical changes. This provides a more realistic model of the complexity of MDD and the pathophysiological processes that underpin the shift to rMDD and consequent cognitive deficits. Such accumulating data on the pathophysiological processes underpinning MDD highlights the need in psychiatry to shift to a classification system that is based on biochemical processes, rather than subjective phenomenology.
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Wen H, Yuan L, Wei C, Zhao Y, Qian Y, Ma P, Ding S, Yang X, Wang X. Effects of combined exposure to formaldehyde and benzene on immune cells in the blood and spleen in Balb/c mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:265-273. [PMID: 27343751 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde and benzene are the two major indoor air pollutants due to their prevalence and toxicity. This study aimed to explore the toxic effect on the spleen and relevant immune responses of Balb/c mice caused by exposure to a combination of formaldehyde and benzene. Balb/c mice were divided randomly into five groups (n=9/group): blank control group (Ctrl); solvent ([corn] Oil) control; formaldehyde only (FA, 3mg/m(3)); benzene only (BZ, 150mg/kg BW); and, formaldehyde+benzene group (FA+BZ). Exposures were performed for 8h/day, 5 day/week, for 2 weeks. Tail blood was collected after the final exposure; 24-h later, the mice were euthanized to permit assessment of a variety of immune endpoints. The endpoints' three areas were: (1) in living mice, body weight and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses; (2) in blood, immune cell counts and serum antibody levels (serum hemagglutination); and, (3) in spleen samples, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), caspase-3 (cell apoptosis) levels and lymphocyte proliferation. In this study we fund (1) BZ and FA+BZ exposure can lead to the reduction in the number of some immune cells in peripheral blood; (2) Formaldehyde has certain synergistic effects on benzene-induced cytotoxicity in peripheral blood, (3) FA, BZ and FA+BZ exposure can lead to ROS and GSH depletion in spleen cells, and spleen cell apoptosis (caspase-3 increased) may be one of the downstream events, decreased splenic lymphocyte proliferation; and (4) the FA+BZ combined exposure can lead to the decreased body weight, serum antibody level (by serum hemagglutination assay).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiao Wen
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Langyue Yuan
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenxi Wei
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Shumao Ding
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.
| | - Xianliang Wang
- Institute of Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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