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Jiang Q, Risica PM, Tovar A, Stowers KC, Schwartz MB, Lombardi C, Alhassan S, Gans KM. Effect of Applying Best Practices for Physical Activity and Screen Time to Family Childcare Homes. Prev Chronic Dis 2023; 20:E60. [PMID: 37441753 PMCID: PMC10364836 DOI: 10.5888/pcd20.220325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early childcare has been identified as an influential setting for children's physical activity. Our objective was to determine whether children aged 2 to 5 years had more accelerometer-measured minutes of physical activity when caregivers in their family childcare home (FCCH) adhered to best practices for physical activity and screen time. METHODS We analyzed baseline 2-day observation data collected by using the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation measure from a cluster-randomized trial. Multilevel linear regression models assessed the association between caregivers' meeting best practices for physical activity and screen time and children's time spent sedentary or in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). RESULTS All FCCH caregivers (N = 120) in our study were female, and 67.5% were Hispanic. Participating children (N = 349) were 52.1% female and 57.4% Hispanic. A higher score among caregivers for physical activity best practices was associated with more MVPA (B = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.02 to 1.56; P = .04) for children and less sedentary time (B = -2.07; 95% CI, -3.94 to -0.19; P = .04). A higher caregiver score for screen time best practices was associated with less sedentary time (B = -2.07; 95% CI, -3.94 to -0.19; P = .04) and more MVPA time (B = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.03 to .27; P = .04). Children in homes where caregivers offered them 60 minutes or more of outdoor play and participated in outdoor physical activity had more MVPA and less sedentary time. We found no association between various screen-time best practices and children's sedentary time. DISCUSSION Children with caregivers who used more best practices for physical activity and screen time had higher activity levels and spent less time sedentary. These findings could help policy makers and people caring for young children modify existing policies and develop programs to help early childhood caregivers implement best practices to promote children's physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Jiang
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy, 610 E 22nd St, Kansas City, MO 64108
| | - Patricia Markham Risica
- Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Marlene B Schwartz
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
- Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Caitlin Lombardi
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Sofiya Alhassan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Kim M Gans
- Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
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Correlates of Sedentary Time Among Children and Adolescents in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2023; 35:15-22. [PMID: 35894895 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the correlates of sedentary time among children and adolescents in Ethiopia. METHODS The study was conducted in representative samples of children and adolescents in the capital city of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine associations of sedentary time and predictor variables. RESULTS The mean sedentary time was 4.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.35-4.86) hours per day. Overall, the prevalence of high sedentary time (>3 h/d) was 68.2% (95% CI, 64.2-72.2). Results of multivariable logistic regression analyses showed a statistically significant association between high sedentary time and female household head (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32-0.80), literate mothers (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI, 1.26-3.11), child attending public school (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI, 1.12-2.85), children who belonged to the poor and rich household wealth tertiles compared with medium wealth tertile (AOR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.42-3.72 and AOR = 2.04; 95% CI, 1.14-3.65, respectively), and those families that did not have adequate indoor play space for children (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29-0.72). CONCLUSION The study found that time spent sedentary was high in the study area as compared with other studies of similar settings. Several modifiable factors were identified that can be targeted in interventions to reduce sedentary time in the study setting.
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Kerr EM, Hewitt L, Ryan ST, Norman J, Kelly B, Hammersley ML, Lum M, Okely AD. Correlates of children's dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behavior in home-based childcare: A systematic review. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:101999. [PMID: 36237835 PMCID: PMC9551212 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review assessed the correlates of children's dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behavior in home-based childcare. A systematic search of five databases with articles published between January 2000 and July 2021 was conducted. Articles were included if they contained data from a home-based childcare (birth-5 years) setting; were a quantitative study that reported children's dietary intake, physical activity or sedentary behavior; included variables associated with children's dietary intake, physical activity or sedentary behavior; and were published in English. Correlates were categorized using McLeroy’s social ecological framework. Risk of bias was assessed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Risk of Bias Rating Tool. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria; six assessed children's dietary intake, and nine assessed physical activity and/or sedentary behaviors. Studies were conducted in the USA (n = 12) and Canada (n = 3). Seventy-three correlates were identified, for children's dietary intake (n = 11), physical activity (n = 35) and sedentary behavior (n = 27). Ethnicity and the food provided to children were associated with children's dietary intake in two studies; both from the same study sample. Indoor play space was positively associated with physical activity in two separate studies. No consistent associations for children's dietary intake, physical activity, or sedentary behavior outcomes were found between studies, however few studies assessed the same correlates. High-quality studies conducted in different countries that assess the nutrition and physical activity environments in home-based childcare using reliable and consistent methods are needed. This review was registered with PROSPERO, no. CRD42019103429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Kerr
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Lyndel Hewitt
- Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong Hospital, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Sarah T. Ryan
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer Norman
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Health Promotion Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridget Kelly
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan L. Hammersley
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Lum
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales 2287, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Anthony D. Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Gans KM, Jiang Q, Tovar A, Kang A, McCardle M, Risica PM. Physical Activity and Screen Time Practices of Family Child Care Providers: Do They Meet Best Practice Guidelines? Child Obes 2022; 18:281-290. [PMID: 34851731 PMCID: PMC9145567 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Child care settings significantly influence children's physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) behaviors, yet less research has been conducted in family child care homes (FCCHs) than in child care centers. While a few studies have measured family child care providers' (FCCPs') PA practices, none have used observation to assess which specific evidence-based, best practice guidelines FCCPs met or did not meet, and no previous studies have included Latinx providers. This article examines FCCPs' adherence to PA and ST best practice guidelines using primarily observational methods with diverse FCCPs (including Latinx). Methods: We examined baseline data from a cluster randomized trial including surveys and observational data collected at the FCCH to assess whether providers met specific PA and ST best practices from the Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care (NAP SACC) and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Results: Providers completed a telephone survey and participated in two full-day observations (n = 127; 72% Hispanic). Overall, only 4 of 14 PA and ST best practices were met by >50% of providers including: leading a planned PA class more than once a week; no ST during meal or snack; not modeling sedentary behavior; and providing families with information about children's ST. Best practices least likely to be met (<20% of providers) include: providing children with >60 minutes of outdoor play daily; providing children with >45 minutes of adult-led PA each day; participating in outdoor PA with children; participating in indoor PA with children; prompting and praising children for being active; and talking with children informally about the importance of PA. Conclusions: While FCCPs engage in some positive PA and ST practices, many providers do not meet best practice guidelines. There is a need for more research about how to overcome providers' personal and environmental barriers for meeting these guidelines as well as interventions and supports to overcome these barriers. Clinical Trial Registration Number NCT0245645.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M. Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,University of Connecticut Institution for Collaboration in Health, Interventions and Policy, Storrs, CT, USA.,Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.,Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.,Address correspondence to: Kim M. Gans, PhD, MPH, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Qianxia Jiang
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,University of Connecticut Institution for Collaboration in Health, Interventions and Policy, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Augustine Kang
- Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Meagan McCardle
- Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Patricia M. Risica
- Department of Behavioral and Social Health Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.,Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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