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Vining R, Finn M. Why and how is photovoice used as a decolonising method for health research with Indigenous communities in the United States and Canada? A scoping review. Nurs Inq 2024; 31:e12605. [PMID: 37805822 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Globally, including in North America, Indigenous populations have poorer health than non-Indigenous populations. This health disparity results from inequality and marginalisation associated with colonialism. Photovoice is a community-based participatory research method that amplifies the voices of research participants. Why and how photovoice has been used as a decolonising method for addressing Indigenous health inequalities has not been mapped. A scoping review of the literature on photovoice for Indigenous health research in the United States and Canada was carried out. Five electronic databases and the grey literature were searched, with no time limit. A total of 215 titles and abstracts and 97 full texts were screened resulting in 57 included articles. Analysis incorporated Lalita Bharadwaj's Framework For Building Research Partnerships with First Nations Communities. Photovoice was selected to improve knowledge mobilisation and participant empowerment and engagement. Studies incorporated relationship building, meaningful data collection, and public dissemination but had a lesser focus on the inclusion of Indigenous peer researchers or participant involvement in analysis. For photovoice to truly realise its decolonising potential, it must be incorporated into a broader participatory and decolonising research paradigm. In addition, more resources are required to support the involvement of Indigenous people in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Vining
- Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Geography, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Mairéad Finn
- Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Graduate School of Healthcare Management, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Malli A, Monteith H, Hiscock EC, Smith EV, Fairman K, Galloway T, Mashford-Pringle A. Impacts of colonization on Indigenous food systems in Canada and the United States: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2105. [PMID: 37885000 PMCID: PMC10601184 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16997-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous populations in Canada and the United States (US) have maintained reciprocal relationships with nature, grounded in respect for and stewardship of the environment; however, disconnection from traditional food systems has generated a plethora of physical and mental health challenges for communities. Indigenous food sovereignty including control of lands were found to be factors contributing to these concerns. Therefore, our aim was to conduct a scoping review of the peer-reviewed literature to describe Indigenous disconnection from Indigenous food systems (IFS) in Canada and the US. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-SR) and Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, we searched MEDLINE, SCOPUS, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Sociological Abstracts, and Bibliography of Native North Americans. Data was extracted from 41 studies and a narrative review completed based on study themes. RESULTS The overarching theme identified in the included studies was the impact of colonization on IFS. Four sub-themes emerged as causes for Indigenous disconnection from traditional food systems, including: climate change; capitalism; legal change; and socio-cultural change. These sub-themes highlight the multiple ways in which colonization has impacted Indigenous food systems in Canada and the US and important areas for transformation. CONCLUSIONS Efforts to reconnect Indigenous knowledge and values systems with future food systems are essential for planetary health and sustainable development. Traditional knowledge sharing must foreground authentic Indigenous inclusion within policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Malli
- Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - H Monteith
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - E C Hiscock
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue Suite 160, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - E V Smith
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Waakebiness Institute for Indigenous Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - K Fairman
- Institute for Circumpolar Health Research, 3506 MacDonald Drive, Yellowknife, NT, X1A 2H1, Canada
| | - T Galloway
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - A Mashford-Pringle
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Waakebiness Institute for Indigenous Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
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Ninomiya MEM, Burns N, Pollock NJ, Green NTG, Martin J, Linton J, Rand JR, Brubacher LJ, Keeling A, Latta A. Indigenous communities and the mental health impacts of land dispossession related to industrial resource development: a systematic review. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e501-e517. [PMID: 37286247 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Globally, many resource extraction projects such as mines and hydroelectric dams are developed on the territories of Indigenous Peoples. Recognising land as a determinant of Indigenous Peoples' health, our objective is to synthesise evidence about the mental health impacts on Indigenous communities who experience land dispossession due to industrial resource development (mining, hydroelectric, petroleum, and agricultural). We systematically reviewed studies that focused on Indigenous land dispossession in Australia, Aotearoa (New Zealand), North and South America, and the Circumpolar North. We searched Scopus, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Health on OVID for peer-reviewed articles published in English from database inception to Dec 31, 2020. We also searched for books, research reports, and scholarly journals specialising in Indigenous health or Indigenous research. We included documents that reported on primary research, focused on Indigenous Peoples in settler colonial states, and reported on mental health and industrial resource development. Of the 29 included studies, 13 were related to hydroelectric dams, 11 to petroleum developments, nine to mining, and two to agriculture. Land dispossession due to industrial resource development had predominantly negative mental health impacts on Indigenous communities. The impacts were consequences of colonial relations that threatened Indigenous identities, resources, languages, traditions, spirituality, and ways of life. Health impact assessment processes in industrial resource development must expressly consider risks and potential impacts on mental health and respect Indigenous rights by making knowledge about mental health risks a central component to decisions about free, prior, and informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody E Morton Ninomiya
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Nicole Burns
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Balsillie School of International Affairs, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Nathaniel J Pollock
- School of Arctic and Subarctic Studies, Labrador Campus, Memorial University, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, NL, Canada
| | - Nadia T G Green
- Berens River First Nation, MB, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jessica Martin
- Six Nations of the Grand River, ON, Canada; Indigenous Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Janice Linton
- Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jenny R Rand
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Laura Jane Brubacher
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Arn Keeling
- Department of Geography, Memorial University, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - Alex Latta
- Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Arts, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Rimmler SM, Shaughnessy S, Tatum E, Muhammad N, Hawkins S, Lightfoot A, White-Williamson S, Woods CG. Photovoice Reveals Residents' Concerns for Air and Water Quality in Industry-Impacted Rural Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20095656. [PMID: 37174182 PMCID: PMC10178614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rural communities of color in the southeastern U.S. experience a high burden of environmental hazards from concentrated industry placement. Community-engaged research and qualitative methods can improve our understanding of meaning-making in a community impacted by polluting facilities. This study applies the photovoice method to assess how a predominantly African American community in rural North Carolina, impacted by a landfill and confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), perceives their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Two research questions were developed with community-based partners: (a) How do environmental health concerns in this community influence residents' perceptions of their HRQoL? and (b) How do community and county factors facilitate or inhibit community organizing around these concerns? Three photo assignment sessions were held to engage participants in discussions related to the research questions. Researchers analyzed discussion audio recordings and identified themes related to concerns about the following issues: health and quality of life, the landfill industry's influence on community cohesion and self-determination, and actions to address environmental injustice in Sampson County. Photovoice benefits community-engaged researchers by providing a process for assessing the research interests of a community. Photovoice also serves community organizers by providing residents with a structured way to discuss their lived experiences and strategize ways to reduce hazard exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby M Rimmler
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Ellis Tatum
- Independent Researcher, Snow Hill, NC 28580, USA
| | - Naeema Muhammad
- North Carolina Environmental Justice Network, Raleigh, NC 27612, USA
| | - Shaelyn Hawkins
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexandra Lightfoot
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Courtney G Woods
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Crocetti AC, Cubillo (Larrakia) B, Lock (Ngiyampaa) M, Walker (Yorta Yorta) T, Hill (Torres Strait Islander) K, Mitchell (Mununjali) F, Paradies (Wakaya) Y, Backholer K, Browne J. The commercial determinants of Indigenous health and well-being: a systematic scoping review. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:bmjgh-2022-010366. [PMID: 36319033 PMCID: PMC9628540 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health inequity within Indigenous populations is widespread and underpinned by colonialism, dispossession and oppression. Social and cultural determinants of Indigenous health and well-being are well described. Despite emerging literature on the commercial determinants of health, the health and well-being impacts of commercial activities for Indigenous populations is not well understood. We aimed to identify, map and synthesise the available evidence on the commercial determinants of Indigenous health and well-being. METHODS Five academic databases (MEDLINE Complete, Global Health APAPsycInfo, Environment Complete and Business Source Complete) and grey literature (Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, Google Scholar, Google) were systematically searched for articles describing commercial industry activities that may influence health and well-being for Indigenous peoples in high-income countries. Data were extracted by Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers and narratively synthesised. RESULTS 56 articles from the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Norway and Sweden were included, 11 of which were editorials/commentaries. The activities of the extractive (mining), tobacco, food and beverage, pharmaceutical, alcohol and gambling industries were reported to impact Indigenous populations. Forty-six articles reported health-harming commercial practices, including exploitation of Indigenous land, marketing, lobbying and corporate social responsibility activities. Eight articles reported positive commercial industry activities that may reinforce cultural expression, cultural continuity and Indigenous self-determination. Few articles reported Indigenous involvement across the study design and implementation. CONCLUSION Commercial industry activities contribute to health and well-being outcomes of Indigenous populations. Actions to reduce the harmful impacts of commercial activities on Indigenous health and well-being and future empirical research on the commercial determinants of Indigenous health, should be Indigenous led or designed in collaboration with Indigenous peoples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Connor Crocetti
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Beau Cubillo (Larrakia)
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Lock (Ngiyampaa)
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Troy Walker (Yorta Yorta)
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Hill (Torres Strait Islander)
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Yin Paradies (Wakaya)
- Deakin University Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn Backholer
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Browne
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Anderson K, Elder-Robinson E, Gall A, Ngampromwongse K, Connolly M, Letendre A, Willing E, Akuhata-Huntington Z, Howard K, Dickson M, Garvey G. Aspects of Wellbeing for Indigenous Youth in CANZUS Countries: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13688. [PMID: 36294264 PMCID: PMC9602510 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous children and young people (hereafter youth) across CANZUS nations embody a rich diversity of cultures and traditions. Despite the immense challenges facing these youth, many harness cultural and personal strengths to protect and promote their wellbeing. To support this for all youth, it is critical to understand what contributes to their wellbeing. This review aims to identify components contributing to wellbeing for Indigenous youth in CANZUS nations. Five databases were searched from inception to August 2022. Papers were eligible if they: focused on Indigenous youth in CANZUS nations; included views of youth or proxies; and focused on at least one aspect of wellbeing. We identified 105 articles for inclusion (Canada n = 42, Australia n = 27, Aotearoa New Zealand n = 8, USA n = 28) and our analysis revealed a range of thematic areas within each nation that impact wellbeing for Indigenous youth. Findings highlight the unique challenges facing Indigenous youth, as well as their immense capacity to harness cultural and personal strengths to navigate into an uncertain future. The commonalities of Indigenous youth wellbeing across these nations provide valuable insights into how information and approaches can be shared across borders to the benefit of all Indigenous youth and future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Anderson
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
| | - Elaina Elder-Robinson
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
| | - Alana Gall
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
| | | | - Michele Connolly
- International Group for Indigenous Health Statistics, Columbia, MD 21045, USA
| | - Angeline Letendre
- Alberta Cancer Prevention Legacy Fund, Population, Public and Indigenous Health, Alberta Health Services, 102 Anderson Hall, 10959 102 ST NW, Edmonton, AB T5H 3V9, Canada
| | - Esther Willing
- Kōhatu–Centre for Hauora Māori, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | | | - Kirsten Howard
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michelle Dickson
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gail Garvey
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
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Velez C, Nuechterlein B, Connors S, RedShirt Tyon G, Roane TM, Mays DC. Application of the Indigenous evaluation framework to a university certificate program for building cultural awareness in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2022; 92:102066. [PMID: 35298956 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a case example of the Indigenous Evaluation Framework as applied to a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education pilot program. Indigenous methodologies include knowledge and data that are inclusive of historically marginalized groups, are highly meaningful, valid, and useful for all. A paradigm shift from Western evaluation methodologies to Indigenous evaluation is necessary when evaluating STEM programs that are committed to increasing recruitment, retention, and graduation of students from historically marginalized groups. This paper describes the use of the Indigenous Evaluation Framework during the first two years of the newly created Environmental Stewardship of Indigenous Lands program at the University of Colorado Denver. We discuss the importance of the Indigenous Evaluation Framework and how it informs the development and continued improvements to the program that also provides agency to program leads and participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Velez
- The Evaluation Center, University of Colorado Denver, 1391 Speer Boulevard, Suite 340, Denver CO 80204, United States
| | - Bridget Nuechterlein
- The Evaluation Center, University of Colorado Denver, 1391 Speer Boulevard, Suite 340, Denver CO 80204, United States
| | - Susan Connors
- The Evaluation Center, University of Colorado Denver, 1391 Speer Boulevard, Suite 340, Denver CO 80204, United States
| | - Grace RedShirt Tyon
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado School of Public Health, Centers for American Indian & Alaska Native Health, Nighthorse Campbell Native Health Building, 13055 East 17th Avenue, Mail Stop F800, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Timberley M Roane
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Integrative Biology, Campus Box 171, PO Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217, United States
| | - David C Mays
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Civil Engineering, Campus Box 113, PO Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217, United States.
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Andrade-Rivas F, Afshari R, Yassi A, Mardani A, Taft S, Guttmann M, Rao AS, Thomas S, Takaro T, Spiegel JM. Industrialization and food safety for the Tsleil-Waututh Nation: An analysis of chemical levels in shellfish in Burrard Inlet. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112575. [PMID: 34932979 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While Indigenous food systems remain critical for community well-being, traditionally harvested foods are a potential source of toxic exposures. The Tsleil-Waututh Nation (TWN) is seeking to restore shellfish harvesting in Burrard Inlet (British Columbia [BC], Canada), where the cumulative effects of industrial activity have nearly eliminated safe harvesting. The Trans Mountain Expansion project would triple the capacity to transport oil through the inlet, threatening TWN's progress to restore shellfish harvesting. To inform ongoing efforts we assessed contamination by heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury) and 48 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) congeners in different shellfish species (Softshell clams, Varnish clams, and Dungeness crab) in three areas. We compared our results against local screening values (SVs) established by the TWN and BC Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, as well as provincial and national benchmarks. In total, we analyzed 18 composite samples of Softshell clams and Varnish clams (5 individuals per sample), as well as 17 individual crabs. We found chemical contamination in all species at all sites. PAHs were most frequently detected in Softshell clams, highest in the site closest to the pipeline terminus. Clams presented higher levels of contamination than crabs for PAHs, but not for heavy metals. For Softshell and Varnish clams, all heavy metals across study sites exceeded at least one of the population-specific SVs. Of the 14 PAHs detected, benzo(a)pyrene presented a median concentration in Softshell clams of 3.25 μ/kg, exceeding local SV for subsistence fisher. Our results call for further assessment of human health impacts related to food harvesting within Burrard Inlet and establishing a long-term coordinated program co-led by the TWN to monitor contamination and inform future harvesting programs. The study draws attention to the need to consider locally-relevant toxicity benchmarks, and include potential health impacts of food contamination in appraising development project proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Andrade-Rivas
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - R Afshari
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Yassi
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Mardani
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Taft
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Guttmann
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - A S Rao
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Thomas
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - T Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - J M Spiegel
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
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International Investment and Indigenous Peoples' Environment: A Survey of ISDS Cases from 2000 to 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157798. [PMID: 34360089 PMCID: PMC8345368 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous peoples’ environments can be easily disrupted by foreign investments, and disputes have occasionally occurred over the past few years. The objective of this research article is to examine if current international investment law, especially its investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanism, could provide necessary protection to Indigenous rights. We searched all publicly available ISDS cases from 2000 to 2020, and selected 10 typical ones for comprehensive case study by using various research methods such as doctrinal legal research and comparative analysis. Our research revealed that Indigenous peoples’ participation in the ISDS proceedings is legally restrained, time-consuming, and rarely favorably decided by the arbitral tribunals. Responsibility for such undesirable outcomes rests with all stakeholders involved in the process, while the consequences of post-arbitration tend to be “triple losing”. These findings highlight the quest for a more sustainable international investment regime that promotes Indigenous peoples’ wellbeing and environment protection. We argue that future reform could be promoted not only over ISDS procedural matters, but also by upgrading substantive rules in international investment agreements (IIAs), emphasizing free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), and strengthening foreign investors’ corporate social responsibilities (CSR).
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10
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Staddon S, Byg A, Chapman M, Fish R, Hague A, Horgan K. The value of listening and listening for values in conservation. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Staddon
- School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Anja Byg
- Independent Researcher Aberdeen UK
| | | | - Robert Fish
- School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Canterbury UK
| | | | - Katie Horgan
- Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust Oxford UK
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11
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Gall A, Anderson K, Howard K, Diaz A, King A, Willing E, Connolly M, Lindsay D, Garvey G. Wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the United States: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115832. [PMID: 34071636 PMCID: PMC8198891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the health improvements afforded to non-Indigenous peoples in Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the United States, the Indigenous peoples in these countries continue to endure disproportionately high rates of mortality and morbidity. Indigenous peoples' concepts and understanding of health and wellbeing are holistic; however, due to their diverse social, political, cultural, environmental and economic contexts within and across countries, wellbeing is not experienced uniformly across all Indigenous populations. We aim to identify aspects of wellbeing important to the Indigenous people in Canada, Aotearoa and the United States. We searched CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and PubMed databases for papers that included key Indigenous and wellbeing search terms from database inception to April 2020. Papers that included a focus on Indigenous adults residing in Canada, Aotearoa and the United States, and that included empirical qualitative data that described at least one aspect of wellbeing were eligible. Data were analysed using the stages of thematic development recommended by Thomas and Harden for thematic synthesis of qualitative research. Our search resulted in 2669 papers being screened for eligibility. Following full-text screening, 100 papers were deemed eligible for inclusion (Aotearoa (New Zealand) n = 16, Canada n = 43, United States n = 41). Themes varied across countries; however, identity, connection, balance and self-determination were common aspects of wellbeing. Having this broader understanding of wellbeing across these cultures can inform decisions made about public health actions and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Gall
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia; (K.A.); (A.D.); (D.L.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kate Anderson
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia; (K.A.); (A.D.); (D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Kirsten Howard
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Abbey Diaz
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia; (K.A.); (A.D.); (D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Alexandra King
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada;
| | - Esther Willing
- Kōhatu–Centre for Hauora Māori, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Michele Connolly
- International Group for Indigenous Health Measurement, Columbia, MD 21045, USA;
| | - Daniel Lindsay
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia; (K.A.); (A.D.); (D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Gail Garvey
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia; (K.A.); (A.D.); (D.L.); (G.G.)
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Indigenous Environmental Justice within Marine Ecosystems: A Systematic Review of the Literature on Indigenous Peoples’ Involvement in Marine Governance and Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13084217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We develop and apply a systematic review methodology to identify and understand how the peer-reviewed literature characterises Indigenous peoples’ involvement in marine governance and management approaches in terms of equity and justice worldwide. We reviewed the peer-reviewed English-language research articles between January 2015 and September 2020 for examples of Indigenous peoples’ involvement in marine governance and management using the analytical lens of environmental justice. The majority of research studies highlighted that Indigenous peoples experienced some form of environmental injustice linked to existing marine governance and management, most notably in the context of inequitable decision-making procedures surrounding the establishment and operation of marine protected areas. However, there are significant gaps in the current literature, including a notable absence of studies exploring Indigenous women and other gender minorities’ involvement in marine planning and management and the limited number of studies about Indigenous peoples living throughout Asia, the Arctic, Russia, and Africa. More studies are needed to explore collaborative and intersectional approaches, including co-governance and co-management and ecosystem-based management, and critically evaluate what constitutes inclusive, equitable, and just marine governance and management processes, practices, and outcomes for different Indigenous peoples occupying diverse social–ecological systems.
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Spiegel SJ. Climate injustice, criminalisation of land protection and anti-colonial solidarity: Courtroom ethnography in an age of fossil fuel violence. POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY 2021; 84:102298. [PMID: 33052177 PMCID: PMC7544477 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2020.102298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As plans for expanding fossil fuel infrastructure continue to ramp up despite threats to the planet, how are geographers to address the criminalisation and prosecution of peaceful acts of defending earth, water and land? Reflecting on a courtroom ethnography and debates spanning legal geography, political ecology and social movements studies, this article explores embodied struggles around oil, 'justice' and geographies of caring - discussing how Indigenous youth, grandmothers in their eighties and others were convicted of 'criminal contempt' for being on a road near an oil pipeline expansion project. The project ("Trans Mountain Pipeline Expansion") was created to transport unprecedented levels of heavy oil (bitumen) across hundreds of kilometres of Indigenous peoples' territory that was never ceded to settler-colonial authorities in Canada. Focusing on a controversial injunction designed to protect oil industry expansion, the discussion explores the performativity of a judge's exercise of power, including in denying the necessity to act defence, side-lining Indigenous jurisdiction, and escalating prison sentences. Courtroom ethnography offers a unique vantage point for witnessing power at work and vast resources used by state actors to suppress issues fundamental to the United Nations Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Paris Climate Accord. It also provides a lens into the intersectional solidarity and ethics of care among those who dare to challenge colonialism and hyper-extractivism, inviting engagement with multiple meanings of 'irreparable harm' at various scales. The article calls for more attention to power relations, values and affects shaping courtroom dynamics in an age in which fossil fuel interests, climate crisis and settler-colonial control over courts are entwined in evermore-complex violent entanglements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Spiegel
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, 19 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9LD, Scotland, UK
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Environmental Justice and Indigenous Environmental Justice. DECOLONISING BLUE SPACES IN THE ANTHROPOCENE 2021. [PMCID: PMC7883058 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-61071-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter we provide a broad overview of three dominant ways environmental justice is framed within the scholarship and consider how Indigenous peoples’ understanding and demands for environmental justice necessitate a decolonising approach. Despite critiques, many scholars and policymakers still conceive of environment justice through a singular approach (as distributive equity, procedural inclusion, or recognition of cultural difference). Such a narrow reading fails to appreciate the intersecting and interacting processes that underpin environmental (in)justices faced by Indigenous peoples. We argue that the theoretical discussions and empirical research into environmental (in)justice need to extend beyond Western liberal philosophies and instead consider pluralistic approach to Indigenous environment justice which is founded on Indigenous ontologies and epistemologies, which include intergenerational and more-human-human justice requirements.
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