Parenting and Healthy Teenage Lifestyles

Anemia: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Impact, and Prevention: A Review

Background

Anemia is a significant public health problem worldwide in rich and poor countries. Anemia among teenagers can be seriously almost entirely caused by a lack of substance iron, which is closely related to the level of severity of anemia. The most visible effect of anemia is a decline in achievement studying in school. This article briefly introduces anemia, etiology, pathophysiology, impact, and preventive measures.

Methods

Major databases, including Scopus, Pubmed, Proquest, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, were researched to obtain articles related to anemia in adolescent girls. The keywords used in the literature search were " anemia and teenage girls "and " anemia prevention. " The time frame of the articles obtained ranged from 2012 to 2023.

Results

Enhancement observed prevalence during several final years will cause prevalence to exceed the agreed target level. The most visible impact of anemia is a decline in achievement studying in school. Not only that, teenage women who suffer from anemia are at risk of experiencing anemia during pregnancy, which can hurt the growth and development of the fetus in Content. Apart from that, there is the potential to experience complications during pregnancy and childbirth.

Conclusion

Identifying and understanding the etiology of anemia is critical to developing effective prevention strategies with screening. An integrated approach to early prevention of anemia involves collaboration between the health, education, and community sectors.

Participation at home of adults with multiple disabilities and influencing factors from their parents' perspective

PURPOSE

To understand participation at home of adults with multiple disabilities and the indicators of their engagement from the parents' perspective as well as to explore the influencing environmental factors.

METHODS

A qualitative, descriptive design was used. Participants had to be the parent of an adult presenting multiple disabilities aged between 21 and 65 with no degenerative diagnosis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using an interview guide, anchored in the Human Development Model - Disability Creation Process and developed through an iterative process. Data were analyzed using a 6-step qualitative analysis process.

RESULTS

The majority (5/8) of participating parents were aged between 56 and 61 years and were the parents of an adult with multiple disabilities aged between 21 and 41. Two themes for participation were generated: communication to build relationships, and they are disabled, but not so much whereas four themes relating to environmental factors were generated: context as a determinant of meaningful activity, the effects of the caregiver's attitude on social participation, the importance of the relationship of trust, and facilitating participation through adaptations.

CONCLUSION

Non-verbal communication and context of realization of activities of adults with multiple disabilities should be considered as they contribute to making participation meaningful.

Living with parents, lifestyle pattern and common mental disorders in adolescents: a school-based study in Brazil

Background

Mental health conditions represent 16% of the global burden of disease and injury in adolescents. Promotion, protection, and restoring the mental health must be considered indispensable, especially in adolescence. This study aims to verify the association of lifestyle pattern, living with parents and the presence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) in Brazilian adolescents.

Methods

Cross-sectional study that analyzed data from 71,553 adolescents aged 12–17 years, from the Study on Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), between 2013 and 2014. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to identify lifestyle pattern, and Logistic Regression Models were performed to identify the associations between lifestyle pattern, living with parents, and presence of CMD.

Results

To construct the Common Mental Disorders (CMD) variable, the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire was used. The Pattern of Healthy Lifestyle Practices found was characterized by higher water consumption, lower consumption of ultra-processed foods, the habit of eating breakfast, less exposure time to screens, habit of physical activity, and longer mean sleep time in hours. Adolescents belonging to the second (OR: 0.73; 95% CI 0.65–0.82) and third (OR: 0.44; 95% CI 0.39–0.50) terciles of the pattern, that is, those who had higher belonging to the pattern had lower chances of having CMD. Adolescents who lived with neither parent (OR: 1.44; 95% CI 1.16–1.78) were associated with a higher chance to present CMD.

Conclusion

Living with parents can contribute to better mental health among adolescents. In addition, the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, encouraged by parents and the community, can reduce the chances of CMD in Brazilian adolescents.