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Rito B, Matos L, Proença DN, Morais PV. Kinetics of inactivation of bacteria responsible for infections in hospitals using UV-LED. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30738. [PMID: 38765034 PMCID: PMC11096922 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlling the microbial load in the environment is crucial to prevent the spread of organisms. The continuous spread of nosocomial infections in hospital facilities and the emergence of the coronavirus (COVID-19) highlighted the importance of disinfection processes in health safety. This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LED-based disinfection lamps on bacteria from the ESKAPEE group and virus phage in vitro inactivation to be applied in hospital environments and health facilities disinfection. This study evaluated the effect of different UV wavelengths (275 nm, 280 nm (UVC), 310 nm (UVB) and 340 nm (UVA)) on the disinfection process of various microbial indicators including E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and Bacteriophage lambda DSM 4499. Exposure time (5 min-30 min), exposure distance (0.25 m and 0.5 m) and surface materials (glass, steel, and polished wood) were evaluated on the disinfection efficiency. Furthermore, the study determined the recovery capacity of each species after UV damage. UVC-LED lamps could inactivate 99.99 % of microbial indicators after 20 min exposures at a 0.5 m distance. The exposure time needed to completely inactivate E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and Bacteriophage lambda DSM 4499 can be decreased by reducing the exposure distance. UVB-LED and UVA-LED lamps were not able to promote a log reduction of 4 and were not effective on B. subtilis or bacteriophage lambda DSM 4499 inactivation. Thus, only UVC-LED lamps were tested on the decontamination of different surface materials, which was successful. P. aeruginosa showed the ability to recover from UV damage, but its inactivation rate remains 99.99 %, and spores from B. subtilis were not completely inactivated. Nevertheless, the inactivation rate of these indicators remained at 99.99 % with 24 h incubation after UVC irradiation. UVC-LED lamps emitting 280 nm were the most indicated to disinfect surfaces from microorganisms usually found in hospital environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Rito
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, ARISE, Department of Life Sciences, Calcada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor Matos
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, ARISE, Department of Life Sciences, Calcada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo N. Proença
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, ARISE, Department of Life Sciences, Calcada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V. Morais
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, ARISE, Department of Life Sciences, Calcada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
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Mertens-Scholz K, Moawad AA, Liebler-Tenorio EM, Helming A, Andrack J, Miethe P, Neubauer H, Pletz MW, Richter IG. Ultraviolet C inactivation of Coxiella burnetii for production of a structurally preserved whole cell vaccine antigen. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:118. [PMID: 38575865 PMCID: PMC10993581 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Q fever, a worldwide-occurring zoonotic disease, can cause economic losses for public and veterinary health systems. Vaccines are not yet available worldwide and currently under development. In this regard, it is important to produce a whole cell antigen, with preserved structural and antigenic properties and free of chemical modifications. Thus, inactivation of Coxiella burnetii with ultraviolet light C (UVC) was evaluated. C. burnetii Nine Mile phase I (NMI) and phase II (NMII) were exposed to decreasing intensities in a time-dependent manner and viability was tested by rescue cultivation in axenic medium or cell culture. Effects on the cell structure were visualized by transmission electron microscopy and antigenicity of UVC-treated NMI was studied by immunization of rabbits. NMI and NMII were inactivated at UVC intensities of 250 µW/cm2 for 5 min or 100 µW/cm2 for 20 min. Reactivation by DNA repair was considered to be unlikely. No morphological changes were observed directly after UVC inactivation by transmission electron microscopy, but severe swelling and membrane degradation of bacteria with increasing severity occurred after 24 and 48 h. Immunization of rabbits resulted in a pronounced antibody response. UVC inactivation of C. burnetii resulted in a structural preserved, safe whole cell antigen and might be useful as antigen for diagnostic purposes or as vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Mertens-Scholz
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control and Center for Sepsis Care and Control (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Amira A Moawad
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Helming
- Department of In Vitro Diagnostics Development, Research Centre of Medical Technology and Biotechnology, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Jennifer Andrack
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Miethe
- Research Centre of Medical Technology and Biotechnology, Bad Langensalza, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control and Center for Sepsis Care and Control (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ina-Gabriele Richter
- Research Centre of Medical Technology and Biotechnology, Bad Langensalza, Germany
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de Souza M, Sammarro Silva KJ, Garbuio M, Inada NM, Bagnato VS, Lima AR. Photon spectra effects tested on the vegetal model Allium cepa. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202300168. [PMID: 37679880 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of artificial light sources in plants is considered a type of photobiomodulation (PBM), a trend in agriculture and food industries, aiming at decontamination, pest control, and increased production yield. However, literature lacks a broader assessment to address the effects of photon light spectra on plant characteristics. Here, we aimed to describe the effects of visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet light upon Allium cepa, a known bioindicator, under various light doses. Samples irradiated under visible and infrared light did not show cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or mutagenicity in any of the evaluated doses. Light induction at 460 and 635 nm significantly stimulated root development of the test organism. In contrast, 254 nm irradiation proved to be cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic. This work reveals and quantifies the spectral response of A. cepa seeds, suggesting that it can be proposed as a model for future research on mechanisms of PBM in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Souza
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Central Paulista University, São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Garbuio
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- PPG Biotec, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Mayumi Inada
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Bosso A, Tortora F, Culurciello R, Di Nardo I, Pistorio V, Carraturo F, Colecchia A, Di Girolamo R, Cafaro V, Notomista E, Ingenito R, Pizzo E. Simultaneous Irradiation with UV-A, -B, and -C Lights Promotes Effective Decontamination of Planktonic and Sessile Bacteria: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12951. [PMID: 37629131 PMCID: PMC10454392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfaces in highly anthropized environments are frequently contaminated by both harmless and pathogenic bacteria. Accidental contact between these contaminated surfaces and people could contribute to uncontrolled or even dangerous microbial diffusion. Among all possible solutions useful to achieve effective disinfection, ultraviolet irradiations (UV) emerge as one of the most "Green" technologies since they can inactivate microorganisms via the formation of DNA/RNA dimers, avoiding the environmental pollution associated with the use of chemical sanitizers. To date, mainly UV-C irradiation has been used for decontamination purposes, but in this study, we investigated the cytotoxic potential on contaminated surfaces of combined UV radiations spanning the UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C spectrums, obtained with an innovative UV lamp never conceived so far by analyzing its effect on a large panel of collection and environmental strains, further examining any possible adverse effects on eukaryotic cells. We found that this novel device shows a significant efficacy on different planktonic and sessile bacteria, and, in addition, it is compatible with eukaryotic skin cells for short exposure times. The collected data strongly suggest this new lamp as a useful device for fast and routine decontamination of different environments to ensure appropriate sterilization procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
| | - Francesca Tortora
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
| | - Rosanna Culurciello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
| | - Ilaria Di Nardo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
| | - Valeria Pistorio
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France;
| | - Federica Carraturo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
- Hygiene Laboratory, Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, 80146 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Colecchia
- Physics Department “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valeria Cafaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
| | | | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (F.T.); (R.C.); (I.D.N.); (F.C.); (V.C.); (E.N.)
- Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Karczewska M, Strzelecki P, Szalewska-Pałasz A, Nowicki D. How to Tackle Bacteriophages: The Review of Approaches with Mechanistic Insight. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054447. [PMID: 36901878 PMCID: PMC10003480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage-based applications have a renaissance today, increasingly marking their use in industry, medicine, food processing, biotechnology, and more. However, phages are considered resistant to various harsh environmental conditions; besides, they are characterized by high intra-group variability. Phage-related contaminations may therefore pose new challenges in the future due to the wider use of phages in industry and health care. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge of bacteriophage disinfection methods, as well as highlight new technologies and approaches. We discuss the need for systematic solutions to improve bacteriophage control, taking into account their structural and environmental diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Patryk Strzelecki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, CEDEX 2, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Szalewska-Pałasz
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Nowicki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6065
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Rudhart SA, Günther F, Dapper LI, Gehrt F, Stuck BA, Hoch S. Analysis of bacterial contamination and the effectiveness of UV light-based reprocessing of everyday medical devices. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268863. [PMID: 36350807 PMCID: PMC9645592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reprocessing of daily used medical devices is often inadequate, making them a potential source of infection. In addition, there are usually no consistent and technically standardized procedures available for this purpose. Hence, the aim of this study is to analyze the bacterial contamination and the effectiveness of Ultraviolet light-based (UV light-based) reprocessing of daily used medical devices. Material and methods Six different everyday medical devices (20 each; stethoscopes, tourniquets, bandage scissors, reflex hammers, tuning forks, and nystagmus glasses) were tested for bacterial contamination. All medical devices were then exposed to UV-C light for 25 seconds. Medical devices with a smooth surface were pre-cleaned with a water-based wipe. Contact samples were taken before and after reprocessing. Results Immediately after clinical use, 104 of 120 contact samples showed an average bacterial contamination of 44.8±64.3 colony forming units (CFU) (0–300 CFU), also including potentially pathogenic bacteria. Two further culture media were completely overgrown with potentially pathogenic bacteria. The stethoscopes were found to have the highest average contamination of 90±91.6 CFU. After reprocessing, 118 of 120 samples were sterile, resulting in an average residual contamination of 0.02±0.1 CFU in two samples, whereby only bacteria of the ordinary skin flora were found. Conclusion The present study shows the potentially clinically relevant bacterial contamination of everyday used medical devices. The reprocessing method tested here using UV light appears to be a suitable method for disinfection, especially for objects that up to now have been difficult to disinfect or cannot be disinfected in a standardized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Alexander Rudhart
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Frank Günther
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Laura Isabel Dapper
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Francesca Gehrt
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Boris Alexander Stuck
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Stephan Hoch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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