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Davidson CG, Woodford SJ, Mathur S, Valle DB, Foster D, Kioutchoukova I, Mahmood A, Lucke-Wold B. Investigation into the vascular contributors to dementia and the associated treatments. EXPLORATION OF NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2:224-237. [PMID: 37981945 PMCID: PMC10655228 DOI: 10.37349/en.2023.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
As the average lifespan has increased, memory disorders have become a more pressing public health concern. However, dementia in the elderly population is often neglected in light of other health priorities. Therefore, expanding the knowledge surrounding the pathology of dementia will allow more informed decision-making regarding treatment within elderly and older adult populations. An important emerging avenue in dementia research is understanding the vascular contributors to dementia. This review summarizes potential causes of vascular cognitive impairment like stroke, microinfarction, hypertension, atherosclerosis, blood-brain-barrier dysfunction, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Also, this review address treatments that target these vascular impairments that also show promising results in reducing patient's risk for and experience of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shreya Mathur
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | - Devon Foster
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | | | - Arman Mahmood
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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de Rondão CA, Mota MP, Esteves D. Physical activity interventions in older adults with a cognitive impairment: A critical review of reviews. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:290-306. [PMID: 37711255 PMCID: PMC10498829 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This critical review explores the review material on physical activity combined with cognitive stimulation interventions in older adults with cognitive impairment and/or dementia. A critical, systematic, review of the review method was used, considering four electronic databases: WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and the COCHRANE ELECTRONIC LIBRARY. The search terms "exercise," "physical activity," "cognitive impairment," "dementia," and "systematic review" were used. All available reviews were marked against predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 32 reviews that met the inclusion criteria. A combination of various types of training and aerobic exercises were the most frequently reported interventions; meanwhile, dual task training programs (combining physical exercise with cognitive stimulation), functional training programs along with exercises combination, aerobic exercise as well as strength, stretching, or balance workouts were also reported. The evidence is compelling; exercise can improve physical health by ensuring cognitive, psychological, and behavioral benefits. Overall, exercise can improve the physical and mental health of people living with dementia: there is sufficient evidence to recommend multimodal exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Paula Mota
- University of Trás‐os Montes e Alto DouroVila RealPortugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD)Vila RealPortugal
| | - Dulce Esteves
- University Beira InteriorCovilhãPortugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD)Vila RealPortugal
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Sheng S, Xing Y, Mou Z, Zhang Y, Shi Z, Yu Z, Gao Q, Cai W, Jing Q. Relationship Between Physical Exercise and Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Chain Mediating Roles of Sleep Quality and Depression. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:817-828. [PMID: 36960417 PMCID: PMC10030003 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s403788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although physical exercise has been shown to boost physical, psychological, and psychiatric conditions in older adults, there is a relative lack of research on the mechanisms involved in this process for older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We thus evaluated whether sleep quality and depression mediated the relationship between physical exercise and cognitive impairment in older adults with T2DM by focusing on the exercise-physiology-psychology and psychiatry connection. Methods Self-reported data were collected from 2646 older adults with T2DM in Weifang, Shandong, China. Regression and bootstrap analyses were conducted to explore the chain mediator model including physical exercise, cognitive impairment, sleep quality, and depression. Results Engaging in physical exercise (coefficient = -0.6858, p < 0.001), high levels of sleep quality (coefficient = -0.3397, p = 0.015), and low levels of depression (coefficient = 0.3866, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with a low level of cognitive impairment. Sleep quality and depression mediated the chain effect between physical exercise and cognitive impairment (total effect = -1.0732, 95% CI [-1.3652, -0.7862]; direct effect = -0.6858, 95% CI [-0.9702, -0.3974]; indirect effect = -0.3875, 95% CI [-0.5369, -0.2521]). Conclusion Physical exercise may improve sleep quality in older adults with T2DM, alleviating depression and delaying the development of cognitive impairment. Physical exercise can enhance patients' ability to resist depression and cognitive impairment, and creating comfortable sleep environments can also reinforce the effects of this process. These findings have important implications for promoting healthy aging in older adults with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yefan Zhang
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Sheng
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Xing
- Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongchen Mou
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Zhang
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixue Shi
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Yu
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqin Cai
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Weiqin Cai; Qi Jing, School of Management, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotongxi Street, Weifang, 261053, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618106369128, Email ;
| | - Qi Jing
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- “Health Shandong” Collaborative Innovation Center for Severe Social Risk Prediction and Governance, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
- China Academy of Rehabilitation and Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
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