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McTavish JR, McHolm A, Niec A, Pietrantonio AM, McKee C, MacMillan HL. Case conceptualization in child welfare: an underused resource to improve child, family, and provider outcomes. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1292690. [PMID: 38274420 PMCID: PMC10808490 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1292690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Case conceptualization, formally known as case formulation, is one tool that assists in determining the best course of action for children and families experiencing family violence that has been under-utilized in child welfare. In this article we present a step-by-step case conceptualization process that considers the child welfare context. We then present a hypothetical case example of a 10-year-old child referred by a child welfare worker to evidence-based treatment for mental health and behavioural concerns. Mental health services are not helpful for the child and further consultation is enlisted. To more effectively guide intervention and treatment planning and ultimately improve outcomes for the child, we present case conceptualization as a process that incorporates relevant aspects of the child and family's history and circumstance. We conclude with a succinct case conceptualization and treatment plan to show how the prognosis of the child can be improved when case conceptualization is employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill R. McTavish
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Angela McHolm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Niec
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Marie Pietrantonio
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Christine McKee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Harriet L. MacMillan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Wekerle C, McQueen KCD, Barker B, Acai A, Smith S, Allice I, Kimber M. Indigenous Service Provider Perspectives of an Online Education Module to Support Safe Clinical Encounters about Family Violence in Canada. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16061. [PMID: 36498135 PMCID: PMC9736319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Given colonial genocide, Indigenous peoples are rightfully reticent to disclose their experiences of family violence to practitioners working within mainstream health care and social services. Health care and social service providers (HSSPs) have varied formal education on providing trauma-and-violence informed care to Indigenous and non-Indigenous families affected by family violence, including intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. The purpose of this study is to understand and describe the perspectives of Six Nations of the Grand River community members on the relevance of an education module to support HSSPs to provide physically and emotionally safe care to Indigenous families affected by family violence. Two-Eyed Seeing and Two Row Wampum approaches guided our qualitative study. Twenty-one (66.7% women) Indigenous HSSPs completed a semi-structured interview; 15 identified as a regulated HSSP, nine as a Knowledge Keeper/Cultural Holder, and three as a HSSP trainees. Conventional content analysis guided the development of codes and categories. The Violence, Evidence, Guidance, Action (VEGA)-Creating Safety education module was described as having elements consistent with Indigenous experiences and values, and supportive of Indigenous peoples seeking care from HSSPs for family violence related concerns. Participants described several suggestions to better adapt and align the module content with the diversity of values and beliefs of different Indigenous Nations. Collectively, the Creating Safety module may be used as an educational adjunct to Indigenous-focused, cultural safety training that can support HSSPs to provide physically, emotionally, and psychologically safe care to Indigenous peoples who have experienced family violence. Future work needs to consider the perspectives of other Indigenous communities and Nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wekerle
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, BAHT 132, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | - Bronwyn Barker
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, BAHT 132, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Anita Acai
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Savanah Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ilana Allice
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, BAHT 132, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Melissa Kimber
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, BAHT 132, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada
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