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Lamby P, Minkow A, Handt S, Falter J, Schellenberg EL, Graf S, Hiebl B, Haerteis S, Gemeinhardt O, Krüger-Genge A, Klosterhalfen B, Jung EM, Franke RP, Momeni A, Prantl L, Jung F. Histological and SEM Assessment of Blood Stasis in Kidney Blood Vessels after Repeated Intra-Arterial Application of Radiographic Contrast Media. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090167. [PMID: 32867158 PMCID: PMC7554859 DOI: 10.3390/life10090167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After application of iodinated contrast media (CM), a pronounced deterioration of the microcirculation in skin and myocardium was reported. Clinically, the repeated application of CM, especially, led to an increase of the renal resistance index (RRI). With respect to the transiency of the RRI increase, it is reasonable to assume that the deterioration of blood flow could be due to transient blood stasis caused by reversible morphologic cell alterations due to osmotic discrepancies between CM and human blood. Therefore, the hypothesis was investigated whether CM are able to induce in vivo such blood stasis and cell deformations in the renal vasculature of well-hydrated pigs. METHODS The in vivo study was performed as a prospective randomized examination to compare the effects of two different CM in 16 pigs (German Landrace). Pigs were randomized to receive either Iodixanol (n = 8), or Iopromide (n = 8). Each animal received 10 injections separated by 5-min intervals via the suprarenal aorta at a rate of 10 mL/s according to the usual procedure during a cardiac catheter examination. Finally, the kidneys were explanted and processed for histology (H & E staining and fibrin staining according to Weigert) as well as for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with regards to morphologic correlates explaining the changes in the microcirculation. RESULTS In each of the predefined four categories of vascular diameters, blood stasis were found, but clearly more often after application of Iopromide than after application of Iodixanol (p < 0.001). In addition, Iopromide induced more blood stasis in all of the examined kidney regions compared to Iodixanol (p = 0.0001). There were no obstructive events in the middle cortex following the application of Iodixanol. Except for the region around a puncture channel of a placed-in catheter probe, no fibrin was detected in Weigert's fibrin-stained samples, neither around the histologically assessed thrombi nor in vessels with blood stasis. Complementary SEM analyses revealed in a few cases only a slight generation of fibrin and thrombi and deformations, such as echinocyte and "box-like" deformations. CONCLUSIONS According to previous in vitro studies, pathological erythrocyte deformations, such as echinocyte and box-like formation of erythrocytes, were observed also in vivo. In addition, blood stasis and/or thrombi could be detected in histological samples from explanted kidneys from young pigs after repeated in vivo administration of CM. In only a few cases, mural platelet aggregates within minimal fibrin meshes occurred only after the application of Iopromide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lamby
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.F.); (S.G.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Alexander Minkow
- Institute of Micro and Nanomaterials, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Stefan Handt
- Institute for Pathology, 52146 Bardenberg, Germany;
| | - Johannes Falter
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.F.); (S.G.); (L.P.)
| | | | - Stefanie Graf
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.F.); (S.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Bernhard Hiebl
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, Virtual Center for Replacement–Complementary Methods to Animal Testing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Ole Gemeinhardt
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Anne Krüger-Genge
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
| | | | - Ernst-Michael Jung
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Ralf-Peter Franke
- Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Arash Momeni
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94304, USA;
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.F.); (S.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Cottbus, Germany;
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Dinarelli S, Girasole M, Misiti F. Amyloid β peptide affects erythrocyte morphology: Role of intracellular signaling pathways. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 71:437-449. [PMID: 31156152 DOI: 10.3233/ch-199007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating red blood cells (RBCs) undergo aging, a fundamental physiological phenomenon that regulates their turnover. OBJECTIVE Understanding the role of Aβ in the cross talk between cell signalling pathways and modulation of the cell structural and biomechanical properties occurring in RBCs during aging. METHODS The morphological pattern has been monitored using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging and measuring the RBCs' plasma membrane roughness employed as a morphological parameter capable to provide information on the structure and integrity of the membrane-skeleton. RESULTS We show that treatment with Aβ accelerates the occurrence of morphological and biochemical aging markers in human RBC and influences the cell metabolism. Biochemical data demonstrate that contemporaneously to morphological alterations, Aβ triggers: (i) metabolic alterations and (ii) a complex signaling pathway involving caspase 3, protein kinase C and nitric oxide derived metabolites. CONCLUSIONS our study provides a comprehensive picture in which Aβ treatment of RBC induces changes in specific cell signalling events and/or metabolic pathways, in turns affecting the membrane-cytoskeleton interaction and the membrane integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dinarelli
- Institute for the Structure of Matter (ISM), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Girasole
- Institute for the Structure of Matter (ISM), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Misiti
- Human, Social and Health Department, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, V. S. Angelo, Loc. Folcara, Cassino (FR), Italy
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Supawat B, Udomtanakunchai C, Kothan S, Tungjai M. The Effects of Iodinated Radiographic Contrast Media on Multidrug-resistant K562/Dox Cells: Mitochondria Impairment and P-glycoprotein Inhibition. Cell Biochem Biophys 2019; 77:157-163. [PMID: 30924055 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-019-00868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated radiographic contrast media is used in cancer radiography for cancer diagnosis. The aim of this present study was to examine five iodinated radiographic contrast media (IRCM) (i.e., iohexol, iopamidol, iobitridol, ioxaglate, and iodixanol) in terms of their cytotoxicity, mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm), and P-glycoprotein function in multidrug resistant K562/Dox cancer cells and corresponding sensitive cancer cells. The cytotoxicity was determined by colorimetric resazurin reduction assay. The ΔΨm and P-glycoprotein function was measured using a noninvasive functional spectrofluorometry. Rhodamine B, fluorescence probe, was used to estimate ΔΨm. The kinetic of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pirarubicin was used to monitor P-glycoprotein function in multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. The results showed that ioxaglate and iodixanol show similar efficacy in MDR cancer cells and for their corresponding sensitive cancer cells. Iopamidol, iohexol, and iobitridol showed higher efficacy in MDR cancer cells than for the corresponding sensitive cancer cells by approximately 2 fold. The results also showed no significant change in the |ΔΨm| values in treated K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells when compared to the non-treated K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells. However, there were notable changes detected for iobitridol and iodixanol at 50 mgI/mL. Similarly, the results showed significant differences in P-glycoprotein function of K562/Dox cancer cells after treatment with IRCM when compared to the non-treated K562/Dox cancer cells, with iohexol and iodixanol being the notable exceptions once again. In this present study, IRCM exhibited cytotoxicity on MDR cancer cells and their corresponding sensitive cancer cells. IRCM also showed potential as an anticancer agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamaporn Supawat
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatchanok Udomtanakunchai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Krüger-Genge A, Sternitzky R, Pindur G, Rampling M, Franke R, Jung F. Erythrocyte aggregation in relation to plasma proteins and lipids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jcb-189014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Krüger-Genge
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - G. Pindur
- Institute of Clinical Haemostasiology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - M. Rampling
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - R.P. Franke
- Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - F. Jung
- Institute of Clinical Haemostasiology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Nemeth N, Deak A, Szentkereszty Z, Peto K. Effects and influencing factors on hemorheological variables taken into consideration in surgical pathophysiology research. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 69:133-140. [PMID: 29630533 DOI: 10.3233/ch-189105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In surgical pathophysiology ischemia-reperfusion, inflammatory processes, sepsis, vascular interventions, tissue trauma, shock, all mean conditions in which hemorheological parameters show alterations. Despite of numerous clinical and experimental studies, the in vivo hemorheology is not completely understood yet, and several fundamental questions still need to be answered. Investigating these issues, experimental surgical models are important, in point of view of the translational research as well. In this paper we aimed to make an attempt on summarizing the possible factors and conditions that might have an effect on hemorheological results in experimental surgical studies. Hemorheological parameters show alterations in surgical pathophysiological processes in a complex way. However, the changes are dominantly non-specific. Standardized experimental conditions, related to the experimental animal (species, animal welfare) anesthesia-medications, operation, sampling and, if applicable, conditions of the postoperative period, are inevitable for a safe assessment of valuable (hemorheological) results. Parallel investigations - such as microcirculatory monitoring, imaging techniques, other laboratory methods, histomorphology- have great importance, together with individual analysis of changes, for a better understanding of the changes and for comparability with clinical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Nemeth
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adam Deak
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szentkereszty
- Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Peto
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Institute of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Wong P. An explanation of the reversal of erythrocyte echinocytosis by incubation and storage by serum albumin. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 68:383-389. [PMID: 29660927 DOI: 10.3233/ch-170292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It is proposed that the specific reversal by serum albumin of the erythrocyte echinocytosis in an inorganic phosphate buffer saline or in a saline, either after 24 h in blood or after a storage of 6-7 weeks in SGAM or PAGGSM media, is due to a cell dehydration by a decrease of the total NaCl and KCl concentrations favoring the stomatocytogenic slow outward transport of inorganic phosphate with a hydrogen ion by band 3 anion exchanger, which was previously proposed to control the erythrocyte shape. This proposal would indicate that the opposition of the erythrocyte echinocytosis by serum albumin is not limited to binding to echinocytogenic amphiphiles, supported by the ability of the band 3-based mechanism of control of the erythrocyte shape to explain a variety of observations on the erythrocyte shape. It would also imply that this mechanism is a determinant of the erythrocyte rheological properties since influenced by cell shape and volume. It is shown that the above process of stomatocytosis can explain stomatocytoses by different agents as well as a knizocytosis induced in vitro and occurring in acquired and inherited disorders and other situations. Lastly, it can also explain the opposition of hemolysis by mannitol in SGAM and PAGGSM media.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wong
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Saldanha C, Freitas T, Silva-Herdade AS. Timolol effects on erythrocyte deformability and nitric oxide metabolism. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 69:165-173. [PMID: 29630536 DOI: 10.3233/ch-189110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Timolol maleate is a compound used in treatment for reducing increased intra-ocular pressure by limiting aqueous humor production. Decreased erythrocyte deformability (ED), increased activity of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE), increased values of nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and nitic oxide (NO) and decreased plasma levels of NO metabolites, were described in primary open angle glaucoma patients. In healthy human red blood cells (RBCs), timolol is an inhibitor of AChE and induces NO efflux and GSNO efflux from that blood component in lower concentration than those obtained in presence of the natural AChE substrate, acetylcholine (ACh). The signal transduction pathway in RBCs described for NO in dependence of AChE-ACh active complex involves Gi protein, protein tyrosine kinase (PTK like Syk and p53/56Lyn), protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and adenylyl cyclase (AC).The aim of this in vitro study was to verify the effect of timolol maleate in ED, NO efflux and NO derivatives molecules (NOx) like nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-, peroxynitrite (-ONOO) and GSNO under the presence of PTK, PTP, AC and guanylyl cyclase (GC) enzyme proteins inhibitors.Blood samples from healthy donors were each one divided and were performed aliquots in absence (control aliquots) and presence of timolol or timolol plus each inhibitor and Gi protein uncoupling. No significant differences in erythrocyte NO efflux, GSNO, peroxynitrite, nitrite and nitrate concentrations in response to timolol when compared with the untreated blood samples aliquots were obtained.It was observed an increase in erythrocyte deformability at high shear stresses induced by the simultaneous presence of timolol and band 3 protein dephosphorylation by PTK syk inhibitor. No significant differences where verified in peroxynitrite levels in the blood aliquots in presence of timolol plus each enzyme inhibitor and Gi protein uncoupling in relation to the control aliquots. No variation of GSNO concentration occurs under the presence of timolol and AMGT (PTK lyn inhibitor) besides the significant higher values observed with each one of the other inhibitors. Nitrate concentration increases significantly in all aliquots with timolol plus each one of the inhibitors. The same was observe with nitrite levels with exception of the aliquots with timolol plus AMGT or timolol plus Gi protein uncoupling showing no significant values in relation to the control aliquots.Besides the changes in NO derivative molecules and NO efflux from RBCs obtained in this study with blood samples of healthy donors under the effect of timolol plus each inhibitor of the proteins participants in NO signal transduction mechanism, further analogue studies must be promoted with blood samples of patients with glaucoma or any other inflammatory vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Saldanha
- Institute of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Freitas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos Silva-Herdade
- Institute of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Lamby P, Jung F, Graf S, Schellenberg L, Falter J, Platz-da-Silva N, Schreml S, Prantl L, Franke RP, Jung EM. Effect of iodinated contrast media on renal perfusion: A randomized comparison study in pigs using quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Sci Rep 2017; 7:13125. [PMID: 29030579 PMCID: PMC5640687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The administration of iodinated contrast media (CM) can cause microcirculatory disorder leading to acute renal dysfunction. In a prospective, randomized investigation two CM (Iodixanol vs Iopromide) were compared in 16 pigs. Each animal received 10 intra-aortal injections (5 ml Iodixanol or 4.32 ml Iopromide). Microcirculation was assessed using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) directly on the kidney surface using time-to-peak (TTP) and blood-volume-analysis. Macroscopic observations were documented. Post mortem residual CM distribution in the kidneys was detected using X-ray. TTP was significantly prolonged over the descending vasa recta of the Iopromide group. This coincided with a visible marble-like pattern on the kidney surface occurring in 30 out of 80 Iopromide-injections but in 4 out of 80 Iodixanol-injections (p = 0.007). The blood volume over the entire kidney did not change after Iodixanol-application, but decreased by about 6.1% after Iopromide-application. The regional blood volume in the renal cortex showed a tendency to decrease by about 13.5% (p = 0.094) after Iodixanol-application, and clearly decreased by about 31.7% (p = 0.022) after Iopromide-application. The study revealed a consistent influence of repeated injections of two different CM on the kidney perfusion using three different imaging methods (CEUS analysis, macroscopic observation and X-ray analysis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lamby
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstrasse 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Stefanie Graf
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lotte Schellenberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Falter
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Natascha Platz-da-Silva
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schreml
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf P Franke
- Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ernst M Jung
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Lamby P, Jung F, Falter J, Mrowietz C, Graf S, Schellenberg L, Platz Batista da Silva N, Prantl L, Franke RP, Jung EM. Effect of radiographic contrast media on renal perfusion - First results. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 64:287-295. [PMID: 28128758 DOI: 10.3233/ch-168110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-arterial administration of radiographic contrast media (CM) is discussed to impair renal perfusion. The pathogenesis of contrast-induced Nephropathy (CIN) is still not clarified. OBJECTIVE This trial was performed to prove the effects of two CM with different molecular structure on renal perfusion. METHODS A prospective, randomized study on 16 pigs was designed to compare the outcome after application of a low-osmolar iodinated CM (770 mOsm/kg H2O - Group1) and an iso-osmolar iodinated CM (290 mOsm/kg H2o - Group2).Color Coded Doppler Sonography (LOGIQ E9, GE, Milwaukee, USA) was applied for measuring the Renal Resistive Index (RRI) before and after the first, fifth, and tenth bolus of CM. Statistics was performed using analysis of variance for repeated measurements with the Factor "CM". RESULTS All flow spectra were documented free of artifacts and Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV), Enddiastolic Velocity (EDV) and RRI respectively could be calculated. Mean PSV in Group 1 led to a decrease while in Group 2 PSV showed a significant increase after CM (p = 0,042). The course of the mean EDV in both groups deferred accordingly (p = 0,033). Mean RRI over time significantly deferred in both groups (p = 0,001). It showed a biphasic course in Group 2 and a decrease over time in Group 2. CONCLUSION While iso-osmolar CM induced an increase of PSV and EDV together with a decrease of RRI, low-osmolar CM could not show this effect or rather led to the opposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lamby
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - J Falter
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Mrowietz
- Institute for Heart and Circulation Research, Eißendorfer Pferdeweg, Hamburg-Harburg, Germany
| | - S Graf
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L Schellenberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - L Prantl
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - R P Franke
- Department of Biomaterials, Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - E M Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Piety NZ, Reinhart WH, Pourreau PH, Abidi R, Shevkoplyas SS. Shape matters: the effect of red blood cell shape on perfusion of an artificial microvascular network. Transfusion 2015; 56:844-51. [PMID: 26711854 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shape of human red blood cells (RBCs) deteriorates progressively throughout hypothermic storage, with echinocytosis being the most prevalent pathway of this morphologic lesion. As a result, each unit of stored blood contains a heterogeneous mixture of cells in various stages of echinocytosis and normal discocytes. Here we studied how the change in shape of RBCs following along the path of the echinocytic transformation affects perfusion of an artificial microvascular network (AMVN). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Blood samples were obtained from healthy consenting volunteers. RBCs were leukoreduced, resuspended in saline, and treated with various concentrations of sodium salicylate to induce shape changes approximating the stages of echinocytosis experienced by RBCs during hypothermic storage (e.g., discocyte, echinocyte I, echinocyte II, echinocyte III, spheroechinocyte, and spherocyte). The AMVN perfusion rate was measured for 40% hematocrit suspensions of RBCs with different shapes. RESULTS The AMVN perfusion rates for RBCs with discocyte and echinocyte I shapes were similar, but there was a significant decline in the AMVN perfusion rate between RBCs with shapes approximating each subsequent stage of echinocytosis. The difference in AMVN perfusion between discocytes and spherocytes (the last stage of the echinocytic transformation) was 34%. CONCLUSION The change in shape of RBCs from normal discocytes progressively through various stages of echinocytosis to spherocytes produced a substantial decline in the ability of these cells to perfuse an AMVN. Echinocytosis induced by hypothermic storage could therefore be responsible for a similarly substantial impairment of deformability previously observed for stored RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Z Piety
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Walter H Reinhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Patrick H Pourreau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Rajaa Abidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sergey S Shevkoplyas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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