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Shumilina J, Soboleva A, Abakumov E, Shtark OY, Zhukov VA, Frolov A. Signaling in Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17397. [PMID: 38139226 PMCID: PMC10743482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumes represent an important source of food protein for human nutrition and animal feed. Therefore, sustainable production of legume crops is an issue of global importance. It is well-known that legume-rhizobia symbiosis allows an increase in the productivity and resilience of legume crops. The efficiency of this mutualistic association strongly depends on precise regulation of the complex interactions between plant and rhizobia. Their molecular dialogue represents a complex multi-staged process, each step of which is critically important for the overall success of the symbiosis. In particular, understanding the details of the molecular mechanisms behind the nodule formation and functioning might give access to new legume cultivars with improved crop productivity. Therefore, here we provide a comprehensive literature overview on the dynamics of the signaling network underlying the development of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. Thereby, we pay special attention to the new findings in the field, as well as the principal directions of the current and prospective research. For this, here we comprehensively address the principal signaling events involved in the nodule inception, development, functioning, and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Shumilina
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Alena Soboleva
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (J.S.); (A.S.)
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Evgeny Abakumov
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Oksana Y. Shtark
- Laboratory of Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.Y.S.); (V.A.Z.)
| | - Vladimir A. Zhukov
- Laboratory of Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.Y.S.); (V.A.Z.)
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (J.S.); (A.S.)
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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Yuan S, Zhou S, Feng Y, Zhang C, Huang Y, Shan Z, Chen S, Guo W, Yang H, Yang Z, Qiu D, Chen H, Zhou X. Identification of the Important Genes of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens 113-2 Involved in Soybean Nodule Development and Senescence. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:754837. [PMID: 34858367 PMCID: PMC8632152 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.754837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Legume nodule development and senescence directly affect nitrogen fixation efficiency and involve a programmed series of molecular events. These molecular events are carried out synchronously by legumes and rhizobia. The characteristics and molecular mechanisms of nitrogen fixation at soybean important developmental stages play critical roles in soybean cultivation and fertilizer application. Although the gene expression of soybean were analyzed in nodules at five important soybean developmental stages, information on the expression of rhizobial genes in these nodule samples is limited. In the present study, we investigated the expression of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens 113-2 genes in the nodule samples from five developmental stages of soybean (Branching stage, flowering stage, fruiting stage, pod stage and harvest stage). Similar gene expression patterns of B. diazoefficiens 113-2 were existed during optimal symbiotic functioning, while different expression patterns were found among early nodule development, nitrogen fixation progress and nodule senescence. Besides, we identified 164 important different expression genes (DEGs) associated with nodule development and senescence. These DEGs included those encoding nod, nif, fix proteins and T3SS secretion system-related proteins, as well as proteins involved in nitrogen metabolism, ABC transporters and two-component system pathways. Gene Ontology, KEGG pathway and homology analysis of the identified DEGs revealed that most of these DEGs are uncharacterized genes associated with nodule development and senescence, and they are not core genes among the rhizobia genomes. Our results provide new clues for the understanding of the genetic determinants of soil rhizobia in nodule development and senescence, and supply theoretical basis for the creation of high efficiency soybean cultivation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunxin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihui Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuilian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhonglu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dezhen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Characteristics and Research Progress of Legume Nodule Senescence. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061103. [PMID: 34070891 PMCID: PMC8227080 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Delaying the nodule senescence of legume crops can prolong the time of nitrogen fixation and attenuate the lack of fertilizer in the later stage of legume crop cultivation, resulting in improved crop yield and reduced usage of nitrogen fertilizer. However, effective measures to delay the nodule senescence of legume crops in agriculture are relatively lacking. In the present review, we summarized the structural and physiological characteristics of nodule senescence, as well as the corresponding detection methods, providing technical support for the identification of nodule senescence phenotype. We then outlined the key genes currently known to be involved in the regulation of nodule senescence, offering the molecular genetic information for breeding varieties with delayed nodule senescence. In addition, we reviewed various abiotic factors affecting nodule senescence, providing a theoretical basis for the interaction between molecular genetics and abiotic factors in the regulation of nodule senescence. Finally, we briefly prospected research foci of nodule senescence in the future.
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Strodtman KN, Frank S, Stevenson S, Thelen JJ, Emerich DW. Proteomic Characterization of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens Bacteroids Reveals a Post-Symbiotic, Hemibiotrophic-Like Lifestyle of the Bacteria within Senescing Soybean Nodules. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3947. [PMID: 30544819 PMCID: PMC6320959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The form and physiology of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens after the decline of symbiotic nitrogen fixation has been characterized. Proteomic analyses showed that post-symbiotic B. diazoefficiens underwent metabolic remodeling as well-defined groups of proteins declined, increased or remained unchanged from 56 to 119 days after planting, suggesting a transition to a hemibiotrophic-like lifestyle. Enzymatic analysis showed distinct patterns in both the cytoplasm and the periplasm. Similar to the bacteroid, the post-symbiotic bacteria rely on a non-citric acid cycle supply of succinate and, although viable, they did not demonstrate the ability to grow within the senescent nodule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent N Strodtman
- Department of Science, Columbia College, Columbia, MO 65216, USA.
| | - Sooyoung Frank
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | | | - Jay J Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - David W Emerich
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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