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Todaro B, Pesce L, Cardarelli F, Luin S. Pioglitazone Phases and Metabolic Effects in Nanoparticle-Treated Cells Analyzed via Rapid Visualization of FLIM Images. Molecules 2024; 29:2137. [PMID: 38731628 PMCID: PMC11085555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has proven to be a useful method for analyzing various aspects of material science and biology, like the supramolecular organization of (slightly) fluorescent compounds or the metabolic activity in non-labeled cells; in particular, FLIM phasor analysis (phasor-FLIM) has the potential for an intuitive representation of complex fluorescence decays and therefore of the analyzed properties. Here we present and make available tools to fully exploit this potential, in particular by coding via hue, saturation, and intensity the phasor positions and their weights both in the phasor plot and in the microscope image. We apply these tools to analyze FLIM data acquired via two-photon microscopy to visualize: (i) different phases of the drug pioglitazone (PGZ) in solutions and/or crystals, (ii) the position in the phasor plot of non-labelled poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), and (iii) the effect of PGZ or PGZ-containing NPs on the metabolism of insulinoma (INS-1 E) model cells. PGZ is recognized for its efficacy in addressing insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and polymeric nanoparticles offer versatile platforms for drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and controlled release kinetics. This study lays the foundation for a better understanding via phasor-FLIM of the organization and effects of drugs, in particular, PGZ, within NPs, aiming at better control of encapsulation and pharmacokinetics, and potentially at novel anti-diabetics theragnostic nanotools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Todaro
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Luca Pesce
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Stefano Luin
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
- NEST Laboratory, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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Campos Pacheco JE, Yalovenko T, Riaz A, Kotov N, Davids C, Persson A, Falkman P, Feiler A, Godaly G, Johnson CM, Ekström M, Pilkington GA, Valetti S. Inhalable porous particles as dual micro-nano carriers demonstrating efficient lung drug delivery for treatment of tuberculosis. J Control Release 2024; 369:231-250. [PMID: 38479444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Inhalation therapy treating severe infectious disease is among the more complex and emerging topics in controlled drug release. Micron-sized carriers are needed to deposit drugs into the lower airways, while nano-sized carriers are of preference for cell targeting. Here, we present a novel and versatile strategy using micron-sized spherical particles with an excellent aerodynamic profile that dissolve in the lung fluid to ultimately generate nanoparticles enabling to enhance both extra- and intra-cellular drug delivery (i.e., dual micro-nano inhalation strategy). The spherical particles are synthesised through the condensation of nano-sized amorphous silicon dioxide resulting in high surface area, disordered mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) with monodispersed size of 2.43 μm. Clofazimine (CLZ), a drug shown to be effective against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, was encapsulated in the MSPs obtaining a dry powder formulation with high respirable fraction (F.P.F. <5 μm of 50%) without the need of additional excipients. DSC, XRPD, and Nitrogen adsorption-desorption indicate that the drug was fully amorphous when confined in the nano-sized pores (9-10 nm) of the MSPs (shelf-life of 20 months at 4 °C). Once deposited in the lung, the CLZ-MSPs exhibited a dual action. Firstly, the nanoconfinement within the MSPs enabled a drastic dissolution enhancement of CLZ in simulated lung fluid (i.e., 16-fold higher than the free drug), increasing mycobacterial killing than CLZ alone (p = 0.0262) and reaching concentrations above the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against biofilms of M. tuberculosis (i.e., targeting extracellular bacteria). The released CLZ permeated but was highly retained in a Calu-3 respiratory epithelium model, suggesting a high local drug concentration within the lung tissue minimizing risk for systemic side effects. Secondly, the micron-sized drug carriers spontaneously dissolve in simulated lung fluid into nano-sized drug carriers (shown by Nano-FTIR), delivering high CLZ cargo inside macrophages and drastically decreasing the mycobacterial burden inside macrophages (i.e., targeting intracellular bacteria). Safety studies showed neither measurable toxicity on macrophages nor Calu-3 cells, nor impaired epithelial integrity. The dissolved MSPs also did not show haemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. In a nutshell, this study presents a low-cost, stable and non-invasive dried powder formulation based on a dual micro-nano carrier to efficiently deliver drug to the lungs overcoming technological and practical challenges for global healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús E Campos Pacheco
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden; Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tetiana Yalovenko
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden; Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Azra Riaz
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden; Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nikolay Kotov
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Davids
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Institution of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alva Persson
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden; Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Falkman
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden; Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Adam Feiler
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; Nanologica AB (publ), Forskargatan 20G, 151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Godaly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Institution of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - C Magnus Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Georgia A Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; Nanologica AB (publ), Forskargatan 20G, 151 36 Södertälje, Sweden.
| | - Sabrina Valetti
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden; Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden.
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Souza IMS, García-Villén F, Viseras C, Perger SBC. Zeolites as Ingredients of Medicinal Products. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051352. [PMID: 37242594 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of new medicinal products for particular therapeutic treatment or for better manipulations with better quality and less side effects are possible as a result of advanced inorganic and organic materials application, among which zeolites, due to their properties and versatility, have been gaining attention. This paper is an overview of the development in the use of zeolite materials and their composites and modifications as medicinal products for several purposes such as active agents, carriers, for topical treatments, oral formulations, anticancer, the composition of theragnostic systems, vaccines, parenteral dosage forms, tissue engineering, etc. The objective of this review is to explore the main properties of zeolites and associate them with their drug interaction, mainly addressing the advances and studies related to the use of zeolites for different types of treatments due to their zeolite characteristics such as molecule storage capacity, physical and chemical stability, cation exchange capacity, and possibility of functionalization. The use of computational tools to predict the drug-zeolite interaction is also explored. As conclusion was possible to realize the possibilities and versatility of zeolite applications as being able to act in several aspects of medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iane M S Souza
- Laboratório de Peneiras Moleculares, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Fátima García-Villén
- NanoBioCel Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - César Viseras
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, CSIC-University of Granada, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Sibele B C Perger
- Laboratório de Peneiras Moleculares, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
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Mikhailov OV. The Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics (PCCP) Section of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences in Its Publications: The First 300 Thematic Articles in the First 3 Years. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010241. [PMID: 35008667 PMCID: PMC8745423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics Section (PCCP Section) is one of the youngest among the sections of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS)—the year 2021 will only mark three years since its inception [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V Mikhailov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Certification and Quality Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia
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Kashapov R, Ibragimova A, Pavlov R, Gabdrakhmanov D, Kashapova N, Burilova E, Zakharova L, Sinyashin O. Nanocarriers for Biomedicine: From Lipid Formulations to Inorganic and Hybrid Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7055. [PMID: 34209023 PMCID: PMC8269010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation of cargoes in nanocontainers is widely used in different fields to solve the problems of their solubility, homogeneity, stability, protection from unwanted chemical and biological destructive effects, and functional activity improvement. This approach is of special importance in biomedicine, since this makes it possible to reduce the limitations of drug delivery related to the toxicity and side effects of therapeutics, their low bioavailability and biocompatibility. This review highlights current progress in the use of lipid systems to deliver active substances to the human body. Various lipid compositions modified with amphiphilic open-chain and macrocyclic compounds, peptide molecules and alternative target ligands are discussed. Liposome modification also evolves by creating new hybrid structures consisting of organic and inorganic parts. Such nanohybrid platforms include cerasomes, which are considered as alternative nanocarriers allowing to reduce inherent limitations of lipid nanoparticles. Compositions based on mesoporous silica are beginning to acquire no less relevance due to their unique features, such as advanced porous properties, well-proven drug delivery efficiency and their versatility for creating highly efficient nanomaterials. The types of silica nanoparticles, their efficacy in biomedical applications and hybrid inorganic-polymer platforms are the subject of discussion in this review, with current challenges emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Kashapov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.I.); (R.P.); (D.G.); (N.K.); (E.B.); (L.Z.); (O.S.)
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Khodadadi Yazdi M, Zarrintaj P, Hosseiniamoli H, Mashhadzadeh AH, Saeb MR, Ramsey JD, Ganjali MR, Mozafari M. Zeolites for theranostic applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:5992-6012. [PMID: 32602516 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00719f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Theranostic platforms bring about a revolution in disease management. During recent years, theranostic nanoparticles have been utilized for imaging and therapy simultaneously. Zeolites, because of their porous structure and tunable properties, which can be modified with various materials, can be used as a delivery agent. The porous structure of a zeolite enables it to be loaded and unloaded with various molecules such as therapeutic agents, photosensitizers, biological macromolecules, MRI contrast agents, radiopharmaceuticals, near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores, and microbubbles. Furthermore, theranostic zeolite nanocarriers can be further modified with targeting ligands, which is highly interesting for targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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