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Bogush D, Schramm J, Ding Y, He B, Singh C, Sharma A, Tukaramrao DB, Iyer S, Desai D, Nalesnik G, Hengst J, Bhalodia R, Gowda C, Dovat S. Signaling pathways and regulation of gene expression in hematopoietic cells. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 88:100942. [PMID: 36621151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular functions are regulated by signal transduction pathway networks consisting of protein-modifying enzymes that control the activity of many downstream proteins. Protein kinases and phosphatases regulate gene expression by reversible phosphorylation of transcriptional factors, which are their direct substrates. Casein kinase II (CK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates a large number of proteins that have critical roles in cellular proliferation, metabolism and survival. Altered function of CK2 has been associated with malignant transformation, immunological disorders and other types of diseases. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is a serine/threonine phosphatase, which regulates the phosphorylation status of many proteins that are essential for cellular functions. IKAROS is a DNA-binding protein, which functions as a regulator of gene transcription in hematopoietic cells. CK2 directly phosphorylates IKAROS at multiple phosphosites which determines IKAROS activity as a regulator of gene expression. PP1 binds to IKAROS via the PP1-consensus recognition site and dephosphorylates serine/threonine residues that are phosphorylated by CK2. Thus, the interplay between CK2 and PP1 signaling pathways have opposing effects on the phosphorylation status of their mutual substrate - IKAROS. This review summarizes the effects of CK2 and PP1 on IKAROS role in regulation of gene expression and its function as a tumor suppressor in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bogush
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Joseph Schramm
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Yali Ding
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Bing He
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Chingakham Singh
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | | | - Soumya Iyer
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Gregory Nalesnik
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Jeremy Hengst
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Riya Bhalodia
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Chandrika Gowda
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA.
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA.
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2
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Conserva MR, Redavid I, Anelli L, Zagaria A, Tarantini F, Cumbo C, Tota G, Parciante E, Coccaro N, Minervini CF, Minervini A, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. IKAROS in Acute Leukemia: A Positive Influencer or a Mean Hater? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3282. [PMID: 36834692 PMCID: PMC9961161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
One key process that controls leukemogenesis is the regulation of oncogenic gene expression by transcription factors acting as tumor suppressors. Understanding this intricate mechanism is crucial to elucidating leukemia pathophysiology and discovering new targeted treatments. In this review, we make a brief overview of the physiological role of IKAROS and the molecular pathway that contributes to acute leukemia pathogenesis through IKZF1 gene lesions. IKAROS is a zinc finger transcription factor of the Krüppel family that acts as the main character during hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. It can activate or repress tumor suppressors or oncogenes, regulating the survival and proliferation of leukemic cells. More than 70% of Ph+ and Ph-like cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia exhibit IKZF1 gene variants, which are linked to worse treatment outcomes in both childhood and adult B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In the last few years, much evidence supporting IKAROS involvement in myeloid differentiation has been reported, suggesting that loss of IKZF1 might also be a determinant of oncogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia. Considering the complicated "social" network that IKAROS manages in hematopoietic cells, we aim to focus on its involvement and the numerous alterations of molecular pathways it can support in acute leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa Conserva
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Redavid
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantini
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Cumbo
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tota
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Elisa Parciante
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Coccaro
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Crescenzio Francesco Minervini
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Minervini
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Hematology Section, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy
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3
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Xia R, Cheng Y, Han X, Wei Y, Wei X. Ikaros Proteins in Tumor: Current Perspectives and New Developments. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:788440. [PMID: 34950704 PMCID: PMC8689071 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.788440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ikaros is a zinc finger transcription factor (TF) of the Krüppel family member, which significantly regulates normal lymphopoiesis and tumorigenesis. Ikaros can directly initiate or suppress tumor suppressors or oncogenes, consequently regulating the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Over recent decades, a series of studies have been devoted to exploring and clarifying the relationship between Ikaros and associated tumors. Therapeutic strategies targeting Ikaros have shown promising therapeutic effects in both pre-clinical and clinical trials. Nevertheless, the increasingly prominent problem of drug resistance targeted to Ikaros and its analog is gradually appearing in our field of vision. This article reviews the role of Ikaros in tumorigenesis, the mechanism of drug resistance, the progress of targeting Ikaros in both pre-clinical and clinical trials, and the potential use of associated therapy in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Xia
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejiao Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Ge Z, Song C, Ding Y, Tan BH, Desai D, Sharma A, Gowda R, Yue F, Huang S, Spiegelman V, Payne JL, Reeves ME, Iyer S, Dhanyamraju PK, Imamura Y, Bogush D, Bamme Y, Yang Y, Soliman M, Kane S, Dovat E, Schramm J, Hu T, McGrath M, Chroneos ZC, Payne KJ, Gowda C, Dovat S. Dual targeting of MTOR as a novel therapeutic approach for high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2021; 35:1267-1278. [PMID: 33531656 PMCID: PMC8102195 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Children of Hispanic/Latino ancestry have increased incidence of high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR B-ALL) with poor prognosis. This leukemia is characterized by a single-copy deletion of the IKZF1 (IKAROS) tumor suppressor and increased activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This identifies mTOR as an attractive therapeutic target in HR B-ALL. Here, we report that IKAROS represses MTOR transcription and IKAROS' ability to repress MTOR in leukemia is impaired by oncogenic CK2 kinase. Treatment with the CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945, enhances IKAROS activity as a repressor of MTOR, resulting in reduced expression of MTOR in HR B-ALL. Thus, we designed a novel therapeutic approach that implements dual targeting of mTOR: direct inhibition of the mTOR protein (with rapamycin), in combination with IKAROS-mediated transcriptional repression of the MTOR gene (using the CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945). Combination treatment with rapamycin and CX-4945 shows synergistic therapeutic effects in vitro and in patient-derived xenografts from Hispanic/Latino children with HR B-ALL. These data suggest that such therapy has the potential to reduce the health disparity in HR B-ALL among Hispanic/Latino children. The dual targeting of oncogene transcription, combined with inhibition of the corresponding oncoprotein provides a paradigm for a novel precision medicine approach for treating hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ge
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yali Ding
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Bi-Hua Tan
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Suming Huang
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | | | - Jonathon L Payne
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Loma Linda University College of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Mark E Reeves
- Loma Linda University College of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Soumya Iyer
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | | | - Yuka Imamura
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Daniel Bogush
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yevgeniya Bamme
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yiping Yang
- Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mario Soliman
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Shriya Kane
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Elanora Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Joseph Schramm
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Tommy Hu
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Kimberly J Payne
- Loma Linda University College of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Chandrika Gowda
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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