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Guo Y, Wang P, Jiang L, Deng C, Zheng L, Song C, Jiao J. Multifunctional Proximity Labeling Strategy for Lipid Raft-Specific Sialic Acid Tracking and Engineering. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1719-1726. [PMID: 37767911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipid raft-specific glycosylation has been implicated in many biological processes, including intracellular trafficking, cell adhesion, signal transduction, and host-pathogen interactions. The major predicament in lipid raft-specific glycosylation research is the unavailability of tools for tracking and manipulating glycans on lipid rafts at the microstructural level. To overcome this challenge, we developed a multifunctional proximity labeling (MPL) platform that relies on cholera toxin B subunit to localize horseradish peroxidase on lipid rafts. In addition to the prevailing electron-rich amino acids, modified sialic acid was included in the horseradish peroxidase-mediated proximity labeling substrate via purposefully designed chemical transformation reactions. In combination with sialic acid editing, the self-renewal of lipid raft-specific sialic acid was visualized. The MPL method enabled tracking of lipid raft dynamics under methyl-β-cyclodextrin and mevinolin treatments; in particular, the alteration of lipid rafts markedly affected cell migration. Furthermore, we embedded functional molecules into the method and implemented raft-specific sialic acid gradient engineering. Our novel strategy presents opportunities for tailoring lipid raft-specific sialic acids, thereby regulating interactions associated with lipid raft regions (such as cell-virus and cell-microenvironment interactions), and can aid in the development of lipid raft-based therapeutic regimens for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Guo
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Liangyu Jiang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Chaowen Deng
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Cong Song
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Lee J, Kim S, Lee B, Kim YB, Kim KH, Chung G, Lee SJ, Lee S, Sun W, Park HK, Choi SY. Major depression-related factor NEGR1 controls salivary secretion in mouse submandibular glands. iScience 2023; 26:106773. [PMID: 37216094 PMCID: PMC10196562 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland cells, which secrete water in response to neuronal stimulation, are closely connected to other neurons. Transcriptomic studies show that salivary glands also express some proteins responsible for neuronal function. However, the physiological functions of these common neuro-exocrine factors in salivary glands are largely unknown. Here, we studied the function of Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) in the salivary gland cells. NEGR1 was also expressed in mouse and human salivary glands. The structure of salivary glands of Negr1 knockout (KO) mice was normal. Negr1 KO mice showed tempered carbachol- or thapsigargin-induced intracellular Ca2+ increases and store-operated Ca2+ entry. Of interest, the activity of the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (BK channel) was increased, whereas Ca2+-activated Cl- channel ANO1 channel activity was not altered in Negr1 KO mice. Pilocarpine- and carbachol-induced salivation was decreased in Negr1 KO mice. These results suggest that NEGR1 influence salivary secretion though the muscarinic Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 Plus Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Bin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hwan Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gehoon Chung
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 Plus Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Park
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Kovacs T, Nagy P, Panyi G, Szente L, Varga Z, Zakany F. Cyclodextrins: Only Pharmaceutical Excipients or Full-Fledged Drug Candidates? Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122559. [PMID: 36559052 PMCID: PMC9788615 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins, representing a versatile family of cyclic oligosaccharides, have extensive pharmaceutical applications due to their unique truncated cone-shaped structure with a hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic cavity, which enables them to form non-covalent host-guest inclusion complexes in pharmaceutical formulations to enhance the solubility, stability and bioavailability of numerous drug molecules. As a result, cyclodextrins are mostly considered as inert carriers during their medical application, while their ability to interact not only with small molecules but also with lipids and proteins is largely neglected. By forming inclusion complexes with cholesterol, cyclodextrins deplete cholesterol from cellular membranes and thereby influence protein function indirectly through alterations in biophysical properties and lateral heterogeneity of bilayers. In this review, we summarize the general chemical principles of direct cyclodextrin-protein interactions and highlight, through relevant examples, how these interactions can modify protein functions in vivo, which, despite their huge potential, have been completely unexploited in therapy so far. Finally, we give a brief overview of disorders such as Niemann-Pick type C disease, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, in which cyclodextrins already have or could have the potential to be active therapeutic agents due to their cholesterol-complexing or direct protein-targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Kovacs
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Peter Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Szente
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin R & D Laboratory Ltd., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Florina Zakany
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Koopaie M, Jomehpoor M, Manifar S, Mousavi R, Kolahdooz S. Evaluation of Salivary KCNJ3 mRNA Levels in Breast Cancer: A Case–control Study and in silico Analysis. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2208100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Breast cancer (BC) is considered the most malignant and central cancer-related death among women worldwide. There is an essential need to discover new methods for developing noninvasive and low-cost diagnoses. The present study examines the expression of KCNJ3 which acts as a biomarker for detecting BC in the saliva of BC patients compared to controls.
Methods:
The mRNA expression level of KCNJ3 has been evaluated. Forty-three unstimulated whole saliva samples from BC patients and forty-three salivary samples from healthy controls were collected. The mRNA level was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, the protein-protein interaction network in which KCNJ3 is involved was obtained. In silico analysis was applied to predict the possible molecular mechanisms of KCNJ3 in BC development.
Results:
Differentially expressed KCNJ3 was statistically significant between BC patients and controls (p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of KCNJ3 mRNA in BC detection were 76.74% and 94.95%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of KCNJ3 mRNA revealed that Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.923 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.866-0.979). AUCs of ROC curve analysis were 0.743 (95% CI: 0.536-0.951), 0.685 (95% CI: 0.445-0.925), and 0.583(95% CI: 0.343-0.823) for differentiation stage I from stage III, stage I to stage II and finally stage II from stage III, respectively. Furthermore, the GABAergic synapse signaling pathway was suggested as a potential pathway involved in BC development.
Conclusion:
Salivary levels of KCNJ3 could be considered a potential diagnostic biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity for BC detection.
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