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Chen Q, Zhao X, Xu Z, Liu Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress mechanisms and exercise intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117122. [PMID: 38991302 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease primarily characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and insufficient insulin secretion. The unfolded protein response (UPR) overactivation induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) appears to play a key role in this process, although the exact pathogenesis of T2DM is not fully understood. Studies have demonstrated that appropriate exercise can regulate ERS in the heart, liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and other body tissues leading to an improvement in diabetes and its complications. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. By analyzing the relationship between ERS, T2DM pathology, and exercise intervention, this review concludes that exercise can increase insulin sensitivity, inhibit IR, promote insulin secretion and alleviate T2DM by regulating ERS. This paper specifically reviews the signaling pathways by which ERS induces diabetes, the mechanisms of exercise regulation of ERS in diabetes, and the varying effects of different types of exercise on diabetes improvement through ERS mechanisms. Physical exercise is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for T2DM. Thus, further exploration of how exercise regulates ERS in diabetes could refine "precision exercise medicine" for diabetes and identify new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Chen
- College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China.
| | - Zujie Xu
- College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China.
| | - Yiyao Liu
- College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China.
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Wang N, Ding C, Xie Y, Meng J, Fan X, Fan D, Wan H, Jiang Z. Characteristics of Citrate-Esterified Starch and Enzymatically Debranched Starch and Their Effects on Diabetic Mice. Foods 2024; 13:1486. [PMID: 38790786 PMCID: PMC11120290 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chickpea has significant benefits as an adjuvant treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The properties of chickpea resistant starches (RSs) and their abilities to reduce T2DM symptoms and control intestinal flora were investigated. The RS content in citrate-esterified starch (CCS; 74.18%) was greater than that in pullulanase-modified starch (enzymatically debranched starch (EDS); 38.87%). Compared with those of native chickpea starch, there were noticeable changes in the granular structure and morphology of the two modified starches. The CCS showed surface cracking and aggregation. The EDS particles exhibited irregular layered structures. The expansion force of the modified starches decreased. The CCS and EDS could successfully lower blood glucose, regulate lipid metabolism, lower the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), reduce the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleuki n-10 (IL-10), and decrease diabetes-related liver damage. Moreover, the CCS and EDS altered the intestinal flora makeup in mice with T2DM. The abundance of Bacteroidota increased. Both types of chickpea RSs exhibited significant hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects, contributing to the reduction in inflammatory levels and the improvement in gut microbiota balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
| | - Changhe Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
| | - Jun Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
| | - Xing Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Duoduo Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Haowei Wan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (N.W.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
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Swain SK, Dash UC, Kanhar S, Sahoo AK. Network pharmacology-based elucidation of bioactive compounds and experimental exploration of antidiabetic mechanisms of Hydrolea zeylanica. Cell Signal 2024; 114:110999. [PMID: 38052370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This investigation systematically explored the underlying antidiabetic mechanism of Hydrolea zeylanica (HZH) by the approach of network pharmacology and experimental validation in restoring glucose homeostasis, and inflammation in high fat diet fed-streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type II diabetes (T2DM) rats. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted on 32 bioactive components of HZH. In silico ADME prediction, and physicochemical analysis of 32 compounds were used to assess their drug-likeness. Common targets between selected compounds, and T2DM were subjected for GO enrichment. Compound-target-pathway network was predicted with selected compounds and targets. HZH (300 and 400 mg/kg) were considered for GLUTs expression, and inflammation cytokines in T2DM rats. Network pharmacology showed the core relationship between 13 selected compounds, and 194 key target genes in insulin resistance, type II diabetes mellitus, insulin signaling pathways in T2DM. AKT1, AKT2, GSK3B, IL6, INSR, MAPK8, PPARA, GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT4 were observed as the key targets in PPI network. HZH-400 significantly restored glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory markers in T2DM rats. It altered GLUT2, GLUT4 expression in liver, and skeletal muscle to normal. Bioactive compounds of HZH were found to control blood sugar level by modulating insulin resistance, type II diabetes mellitus, insulin signaling pathways, and glucose homeostasis, which in turn improved glucose uptake, insulin production in diabetes as shown in network pharmacology and glucose transporter expression studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Swain
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest, Environment & Climate Change Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar 751015, India
| | - Umesh Chandra Dash
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest, Environment & Climate Change Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar 751015, India
| | - Satish Kanhar
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest, Environment & Climate Change Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar 751015, India
| | - Atish Kumar Sahoo
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest, Environment & Climate Change Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar 751015, India.
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Ahmad K, Shaikh S, Lim JH, Ahmad SS, Chun HJ, Lee EJ, Choi I. Therapeutic application of natural compounds for skeletal muscle-associated metabolic disorders: A review on diabetes perspective. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115642. [PMID: 37812896 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) plays a vital role in energy and glucose metabolism by regulating insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and blood glucose homeostasis. Impaired SM metabolism is strongly linked to several diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin resistance in SM may result from the impaired activities of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and AKT pathways. This review briefly discusses SM myogenesis and the critical roles that SM plays in insulin resistance and T2D. The pharmacological targets of T2D which are associated with SM metabolism, such as DPP4, PTB1B, SGLT, PPARγ, and GLP-1R, and their potential modulators/inhibitors, especially natural compounds, are discussed in detail. This review highlights the significance of SM in metabolic disorders and the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in targeting SM-associated T2D targets. It may provide novel insights for the future development of anti-diabetic drug therapies. We believe that scientists working on T2D therapies will benefit from this review by enhancing their knowledge and updating their understanding of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chun
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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Agrawal N, Dhakrey P, Pathak S. A comprehensive review on the research progress of PTP1B inhibitors as antidiabetics. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:921-938. [PMID: 37232059 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health concern affecting over 500 million people. To put it simply, it is one of the most dangerous metabolic illnesses. Insulin resistance is the root cause of 90% of all instances of diabetes, all of which are classified as Type 2 DM. Untreated, it poses a hazard to civilization since it can lead to terrifying consequences and even death. Oral hypoglycemic medicines presently available act in a variety of ways, targeting various organs and pathways. The use of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitors, on the contrary, is a novel and effective method of controlling type 2 diabetes. PTP1B is a negative insulin signaling pathway regulator; hence, inhibiting PTP1B increases insulin sensitivity, glucose absorption, and energy expenditure. PTP1B inhibitors also restore leptin signaling and are considered a potential obesity target. In this review, we have compiled a summary of the most recent advances in synthetic PTP1B inhibitors from 2015 to 2022 which have scope to be developed as clinical antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parth Dhakrey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpi Pathak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Hoorzad P, Mousavinasab F, Tofigh P, Kalahroud EM, Aghaei-Zarch SM, Salehi A, Fattahi M, Le BN. Understanding the lncRNA/miRNA-NFκB regulatory network in Diabetes Mellitus: From function to clinical translation. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023:110804. [PMID: 37369279 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its significant ramifications make out one of the primary reasons behind morbidity worldwide. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, are involved in regulating manifold biological processes, including diabetes initiation and progression. One of the established pathways attributed to DM development is NF-κB signaling. Neurons, β cells, adipocytes, and hepatocytes are among the metabolic tissues where NF-κB is known to produce a range of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. The direct or indirect role of ncRNAs such as lncRNAs and miRNAs on the NF-κB signaling pathway and DM development has been supported by many studies. As a result, effective diabetes treatment and preventive methods will benefit from a comprehensive examination of the interplay between NF-κB and ncRNAs. Herein, we provide a concise overview of the role of NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways in diabetes mellitus and its consequences. The reciprocal regulation of ncRNAs and the NF-κB signaling pathway in diabetes is then discussed, shedding light on the pathogenesis of the illness and its possible therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hoorzad
- Department of Molecular and cellular biology, Faculty of basic sciences and Advanced technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pouya Tofigh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salehi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculity of New Science and technology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; School of engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
| | - Binh Nguyen Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; School of engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Wu D, Zhang Z, Sun W, Yan Y, Jing M, Ma S. The effect of G0S2 on insulin sensitivity: A proteomic analysis in a G0S2-overexpressed high-fat diet mouse model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1130350. [PMID: 37033250 PMCID: PMC10076770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1130350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown a tight relationship between the G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) and metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity and diabetes, and insulin resistance has been shown as the major risk factor for both NAFLD and T2DM. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between G0S2 and insulin resistance remain incompletely understood. Our study aimed to confirm the effect of G0S2 on insulin resistance, and determine whether the insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) results from G0S2 elevation. METHODS In this study, we extracted livers from mice that consumed HFD and received tail vein injections of AD-G0S2/Ad-LacZ, and performed a proteomics analysis. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed that there was a total of 125 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (56 increased and 69 decreased proteins) among the identified 3583 proteins. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that four insulin signaling pathway-associated proteins were significantly upregulated and five insulin signaling pathway -associated proteins were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSION These findings show that the DEPs, which were associated with insulin resistance, are generally consistent with enhanced insulin resistance in G0S2 overexpression mice. Collectively, this study demonstrates that G0S2 may be a potential target gene for the treatment of obesity, NAFLD, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Wu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Department of Nursing, Taishan Vocational College of Nursing, Taian, China
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengzhe Jing
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Shizhan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
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Tuohongerbieke A, Liu L, Li J, Xin X, Akber Aisa H. Root-Extracted lignanamides from Limonium gmelinii (Willd.) Kuntze with a potential PTP1B inhibitory activity by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106348. [PMID: 36657274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical study of Limonium gmelinii roots resulted in the isolation of five lignanamides (1-5). Among them, limoniumins J, K, and M (1, 2, and 4) are undescribed compounds, limoniumin L (3) is a new naturally occurring lignanamide, and limoniumin B (5) is a known compound which showed PTP1B inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 5.05 ± 2.44 μM in our previous work. Spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS experiments, established the chemical structures of limoniumins J - M (1-4). Compounds 1-4 showed PTP1B inhibition activity, among which compound 3 showed the most potent PTP1B inhibition with an IC50 value of 2.07 ± 0.05 μM. Compounds 3 and 5 could significantly increase cellular glucose consumption and glucose uptake in L6 muscle cells and could synergize with insulin to promote glucose consumption and glucose uptake in a concentration-dependent manner. The treatment of compound 3 also promoted glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the good hypoglycemic effect of compounds 3 and 5 was achieved by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and glycogen synthesis. Furthermore, studies on molecular docking revealed the potent interactions between these bioactive substances and the PTP1B protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanguli Tuohongerbieke
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Liu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Xuelei Xin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone and State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, China.
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9
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Yang C, Li D, Wang S, Xu M, Wang D, Li X, Xu X, Li C. Inhibitory activities of alginate phosphate and sulfate derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:316-328. [PMID: 36481336 PMCID: PMC9721379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alginate derivatives have been demonstrated remarkable antiviral activities. Here we firstly identified polymannuronate phosphate (PMP) as a highly potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent. The structure-activity relationship showed polymannuronate monophosphate (PMPD, Mw: 5.8 kDa, P%: 8.7 %) was the most effective component to block the interaction of spike to ACE2 with an IC50 of 85.5 nM. Surface plasmon resonance study indicated that PMPD could bind to spike receptor binding domain (RBD) with the KD value of 78.59 nM. Molecular docking further suggested that the probable binding site of PMPD to spike RBD protein is the interaction interface between spike and ACE2. PMPD has the potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 infection in an independent manner of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. In addition, polyguluronate sulfate (PGS) and propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (PSS) unexpectedly showed 3CLpro inhibition with an IC50 of 1.20 μM and 1.42 μM respectively. The polyguluronate backbone and sulfate group played pivotal roles in the 3CLpro inhibition. Overall, this study revealed the potential of PMPD as a novel agent against SARS-CoV-2. It also provided a theoretical basis for further study on the role of PGS and PSS as 3CLpro inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory of Marine Glycodrug Research and Development, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Meijie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dingfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China,Laboratory of Marine Glycodrug Research and Development, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China,Corresponding authors at: School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China,Laboratory of Marine Glycodrug Research and Development, Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China,Corresponding authors at: School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Kaushik A, Sangtani R, Parmar HS, Bala K. Algal metabolites: Paving the way towards new generation antidiabetic therapeutics. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Gu F, Tao L, Chen R, Zhang J, Wu X, Yang M, Sheng J, Tian Y. Ultrasonic-Cellulase Synergistic Extraction of Crude Polysaccharides from Moringa oleifera Leaves and Alleviation of Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12405. [PMID: 36293262 PMCID: PMC9604441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) are a new food resource, rich in functional factors. MOL polysaccharides are important active macromolecules within MOL. However, there are problems, such as low extraction rates and lack of evidence for functional activity. Therefore, in this experiment, single-factor experiments were carried out using MOL powder as the raw material, and the Plackett-Burman test was used to screen the significantly influential test factors. The extraction process of MOL polysaccharide was optimized by response surface methodology. The insulin resistance alleviating activity of MOLP polysaccharides was initially explored. The results showed that the extraction of Moringa oleifera leaves crude polysaccharides (MOLP) by ultrasonic assisted cellulase enzymatic digestion was (17.03 ± 1.03)%, and the obtained MOLP was a crude polysaccharide with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 279.48 kDa, consisting of fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. MOLP had an IC50 value of 8.02 mg/mL for α-glucosidase and scavenging activity against free radicals such as ABTS, DPPH, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion with an IC50 value of 0.21 mg/mL 0.31 mg/mL 0.97 mg/mL 0.49 mg/mL. At the same time, MOLP significantly enhanced the glucose consumption, glycogen synthesis, CAT, SOD, GSH-Px activity, and reduced the MDA and ROS content in high glucose-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cells. This experiment improved the extraction rate of MOLP and demonstrated that MOLP has antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, which can alleviate the insulin resistance of high glucose-induced HepG2 cells. It provides partial data support for the possible hypoglycemic effect of MOLP by alleviating oxidative stress, and also provides new ideas for the in-depth study of basic research and industrial application of MOLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Liang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Runling Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xingzhong Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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12
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Wang W, Shi B, Cong R, Hao M, Peng Y, Yang H, Song J, Feng D, Zhang N, Li D. RING-finger E3 ligases regulatory network in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:372. [PMID: 36002460 PMCID: PMC9402544 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays an essential role in glucose metabolism, promoting glycolysis and resisting gluconeogenesis. PI3K/AKT signaling can directly alter glucose metabolism by phosphorylating several metabolic enzymes or regulators of nutrient transport. It can indirectly promote sustained aerobic glycolysis by increasing glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes, which are mediated by downstream transcription factors. E3 ubiquitin ligase RING-finger proteins are mediators of protein post-translational modifications and include the cullin-RING ligase complexes, the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated family, the tripartite motif family and etc. Some members of the RING family play critical roles in regulating cell signaling and are involved in the development and progression of various metabolic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. And with the progression of modern research, as a negative or active regulator, the RING-finger adaptor has been found to play an indispensable role in PI3K/AKT signaling. However, no reviews have comprehensively clarified the role of RING-finger E3 ligases in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the regulation and function of RING ligases in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism to establish new insights into the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiting Cong
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingjun Hao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyue Yang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahui Song
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Feng
- Education Center for Clinical Skill Practice, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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13
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The Antidiabetic Activities of Neocryptotanshinone: Screened by Molecular Docking and Related to the Modulation of PTP1B. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153031. [PMID: 35893885 PMCID: PMC9330310 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide a practical experimental basis for the development of Neocryptotanshinone (NCTS) as an effective hypoglycemic drug and a theoretical method for the rapid screening of natural compounds with hypoglycemic effects. Molecular docking was used to screen the most suitable ligand. Hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western Blotting approved the hypoglycemic effect of NCTS. According to the free energy of binding, among 180 active compounds from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database, NCTS was finally chose for investigation its hypoglycemic effects. In db/db mice, NCTS significantly reduced body weight and plasma glucose, improved glucose tolerance and levels of fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c, and decreased insulin resistance after six-week administration. NCTS restored the pathological state in the liver of db/db mice and significantly decreased protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) expression in the liver and muscle of db/db mice, which is related to the regulatory effect of NCTS on insulin receptor substrate 1. In conclusion, we successfully explored the hypoglycemic effect of NCTS in db/db mice via regulating the expression of PTP1B.
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Hesperetin, a Citrus Flavonoid, Ameliorates Inflammatory Cytokine-Mediated Inhibition of Oligodendroglial Cell Morphological Differentiation. Neurol Int 2022; 14:471-487. [PMID: 35736620 PMCID: PMC9230394 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint14020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (oligodendroglial cells) are glial cells that wrap neuronal axons with their differentiated plasma membranes called myelin membranes. In the pathogenesis of inflammatory cytokine-related oligodendroglial cell and myelin diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), typical inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are thought to contribute to the degeneration and/or progression of the degeneration of oligodendroglial cells and, in turn, the degeneration of naked neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS) tissues. Despite the known involvement of these inflammatory cytokines in disease progression, it has remained unclear whether and how TNFα or IL-6 affects the oligodendroglial cells themselves or indirectly. Here we show that TNFα or IL-6 directly inhibits morphological differentiation in FBD-102b cells, which are differentiation models of oligodendroglial cells. Their phenotype changes were supported by the decreased expression levels of oligodendroglial cell differentiation and myelin marker proteins. In addition, TNFα or IL-6 decreased phosphorylation levels of Akt kinase, whose upregulation has been associated with promoting oligodendroglial cell differentiation. Hesperetin, a flavonoid mainly contained in citrus fruit, is known to have neuroprotective effects. Hesperetin might also be able to resolve pre-illness conditions, including the irregulated secretion of cytokines, through diet. Notably, the addition of hesperetin into cells recovered TNFα- or IL-6-induced inhibition of differentiation, as supported by increased levels of marker protein expression and phosphorylation of Akt kinase. These results suggest that TNFα or IL-6 itself contributes to the inhibitory effects on the morphological differentiation of oligodendroglial cells, possibly providing information not only on their underlying pathological effects but also on flavonoids with potential therapeutic effects at the molecular and cellular levels.
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Pei J, Wang B, Wang D. Current Studies on Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:1863429. [PMID: 36589630 PMCID: PMC9803571 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1863429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease that raises the risk of microvascular and neurological disorders. Insensitivity to insulin is a characteristic of type II diabetes, which accounts for 85-90 percent of all diabetic patients. The fundamental molecular factor of insulin resistance may be impaired cell signal transduction mediated by the insulin receptor (IR). Several cell-signaling proteins, including IR, insulin receptor substrate (IRS), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), have been recognized as being important in the impaired insulin signaling pathway since they are associated with a large number of proteins that are strictly regulated and interact with other signaling pathways. Many studies have found a correlation between IR alternative splicing, IRS gene polymorphism, the complicated regulatory function of IRS serine/threonine phosphorylation, and the negative regulatory role of p85 in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. This review brings up-to-date knowledge of the roles of signaling proteins in insulin resistance in order to aid in the discovery of prospective targets for insulin resistance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Pei
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Baochun Wang
- The First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of the Ministry of Education of China, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
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