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Fuller SA, Abernathy JW, Sankappa NM, Beck BH, Rawles SD, Green BW, Rosentrater KA, McEntire ME, Huskey G, Webster CD. Hepatic transcriptome analyses of juvenile white bass ( Morone chrysops) when fed diets where fish meal is partially or totally replaced by alternative protein sources. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1308690. [PMID: 38288350 PMCID: PMC10822904 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1308690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
White bass (Morone chrysops) are a popular sportfish throughout the southern United States, and one parent of the commercially-successful hybrid striped bass (M. chrysops ♂ x M. saxatilis ♀). Currently, white bass are cultured using diets formulated for other carnivorous fish, such as largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) or hybrid striped bass and contain a significant percentage of marine fish meal. Since there are no studies regarding the utilization of alternative proteins in this species, we evaluated the global gene expression of white bass fed diets in which fish meal was partially or totally replaced by various combinations of soybean meal, poultry by-product meal, canola meal, soy protein concentrate, wheat gluten, or a commercial protein blend (Pro-Cision™). Six isonitrogenous (40% protein), isolipidic (11%), and isocaloric (17.1 kJ/g) diets were formulated to meet the known nutrient and energy requirements of largemouth bass and hybrid striped bass using nutrient availability data for most of the dietary ingredients. One of the test diets consisted exclusively of plant protein sources. Juvenile white bass (40.2 g initial weight) were stocked into a flow-through aquaculture system (three tanks/diet; 10 fish/tank) and fed the test diets twice daily to satiation for 60 days. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses revealed significant differentially expressed genes between all test diets when compared to fish meal control. A total of 1,260 differentially expressed genes were identified, with major ontology relating to cell cycle and metabolic processes as well as immune gene functions. This data will be useful as a resource for future refinements to moronid diet formulation, as marine fish meal becomes limiting and plant ingredients are increasingly added as a reliable protein source.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adam Fuller
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Jason W. Abernathy
- USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit (AAHRU), Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Nithin Muliya Sankappa
- USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit (AAHRU), Auburn, AL, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), ARS Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Benjamin H. Beck
- USDA-ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit (AAHRU), Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Steven D. Rawles
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Bartholomew W. Green
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Kurt A. Rosentrater
- Iowa State University, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Matthew E. McEntire
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - George Huskey
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Carl D. Webster
- USDA-ARS Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (HKDSNARC), Stuttgart, AR, United States
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Baranek E, Heraud C, Larroquet L, Surget A, Lanuque A, Terrier F, Skiba-Cassy S, Jérôme R. Long-term regulation of fat sensing in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a vegetable diet from the first feeding: focus on free fatty acid receptors and their signalling. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1-16. [PMID: 37469170 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Taste plays a fundamental role in an animal’s ability to detect nutrients and transmits key dietary information to the brain, which is crucial for its growth and survival. Providing alternative terrestrial ingredients early in feeding influences the growth of rainbow trout (RT, Oncorhynchus mykiss). Thus, the present study aimed to assess the influence, via long-term feeding (from the first feeding to 8 months), of alternative plant ingredients (V diet for vegetable diet v. C diet for a control diet) in RT on the mechanism of fat sensing at the gustatory level. After the feeding trial, we studied the pathways of the fat-sensing mechanism in tongue tissue and the integrated response in the brain. To this end, we analysed the expression pattern of free fatty acid receptors (ffar) 1 and 2, markers of calcium-signalling pathways (phospholipase Cβ, Orai, Stim or Serca), the serotonin level (a key neurotransmitter in taste buds) and the expression pattern of appetite-regulating neuropeptides in the hypothalamus (central area of appetite regulation). The results revealed that the V diet modified the expression pattern of ffar1 and paralogs of ffar2 genes in tongue tissue, along with differential regulation of calcium-signalling pathways and a defect in serotonin level and brain turnover, without influencing neuropeptide expression. This study is the first to support that changes in feeding behaviour of RT fed a V diet could be due to the difference in nutrient sensing and a decrease in hedonic sensation. We revealed that RT have similar fat-detection mechanisms as mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Baranek
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Cécile Heraud
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Laurence Larroquet
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Anne Surget
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Anthony Lanuque
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Frederic Terrier
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Roy Jérôme
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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Xie W, Chen M, Shen Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Weng Q. Vomeronasal Receptors Associated with Circulating Estrogen Processing Chemosensory Cues in Semi-Aquatic Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10724. [PMID: 37445898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In numerous animals, one essential chemosensory organ that detects chemical signals is the vomeronasal organ (VNO), which is involved in species-specific behaviors, including social and sexual behaviors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism underlying the processing of chemosensory cues in semi-aquatic mammals using muskrats as the animal model. Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) has a sensitive VNO system that activates seasonal breeding behaviors through receiving specific substances, including pheromones and hormones. Vomeronasal organ receptor type 1 (V1R) and type 2 (V2R) and estrogen receptor α and β (ERα and ERβ) were found in sensory epithelial cells, non-sensory epithelial cells and lamina propria cells of the female muskrats' VNO. V2R and ERα mRNA levels in the VNO during the breeding period declined sharply, in comparison to those during the non-breeding period, while V1R and ERβ mRNA levels were detected reversely. Additionally, transcriptomic study in the VNO identified that differently expressed genes might be related to estrogen signal and metabolic pathways. These findings suggested that the seasonal structural and functional changes in the VNO of female muskrats with different reproductive status and estrogen was regulated through binding to ERα and ERβ in the female muskrats' VNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Xie
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meiqi Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuyao Shen
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuning Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haolin Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang Weng
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Drábiková L, Fjelldal PG, Yousaf MN, Morken T, De Clercq A, McGurk C, Witten PE. Elevated Water CO 2 Can Prevent Dietary-Induced Osteomalacia in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar, L.). Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040663. [PMID: 37189410 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Expansion of land-based systems in fish farms elevate the content of metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) in the water. High CO2 is suggested to increase the bone mineral content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.). Conversely, low dietary phosphorus (P) halts bone mineralization. This study examines if high CO2 can counteract reduced bone mineralization imposed by low dietary P intake. Atlantic salmon post-seawater transfer (initial weight 207.03 g) were fed diets containing 6.3 g/kg (0.5P), 9.0 g/kg (1P), or 26.8 g/kg (3P) total P for 13 weeks. Atlantic salmon from all dietary P groups were reared in seawater which was not injected with CO2 and contained a regular CO2 level (5 mg/L) or in seawater with injected CO2 thus raising the level to 20 mg/L. Atlantic salmon were analyzed for blood chemistry, bone mineral content, vertebral centra deformities, mechanical properties, bone matrix alterations, expression of bone mineralization, and P metabolism-related genes. High CO2 and high P reduced Atlantic salmon growth and feed intake. High CO2 increased bone mineralization when dietary P was low. Atlantic salmon fed with a low P diet downregulated the fgf23 expression in bone cells indicating an increased renal phosphate reabsorption. The current results suggest that reduced dietary P could be sufficient to maintain bone mineralization under conditions of elevated CO2. This opens up a possibility for lowering the dietary P content under certain farming conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Drábiková
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Per Gunnar Fjelldal
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, N-5984 Matredal, Norway
| | | | - Thea Morken
- Skretting Aquaculture Innovation, Sjøhagen 3, 4016 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Adelbert De Clercq
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charles McGurk
- Skretting Aquaculture Innovation, Sjøhagen 3, 4016 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Paul Eckhard Witten
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Roy J, Baranek E, Marandel L. Characterization of free fatty acid receptor family in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): towards a better understanding of their involvement in fatty acid signalisation. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:130. [PMID: 36941594 PMCID: PMC10029227 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 20 years of research, free fatty acids receptors (FFARs) have received considerable attention in mammals. To date, four FFARs (FFAR1, FFAR2, FFAR3 and FFAR4) are especially studied owing to their physiological importance in various biological processes. This ubiquitist group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are majors reports in the key physiological functions such as the regulation of energy balance, metabolism or fatty acid sensing. However, up till date, even some studies were interested in their potential involvement in fatty acid metabolism, no genome investigation of these FFARs have been carried out in teleost fish. Through genome mining and phylogenetic analysis, we identified and characterised 7 coding sequences for ffar2 in rainbow trout whereas no ffar3 nor ffar4 gene have been found. This larger repertoire of ffar2 genes in rainbow trout results from successive additional whole-genome duplications which occurred in early teleosts and salmonids, respectively. A syntenic analysis was used to assign a new nomenclature to the salmonid ffar2 and showed a clear conservation of genomic organisation, further supporting the identity of these genes as ffar2. RT-qPCR was then used to examine, firstly during ontogenesis and secondly on feeding response the expression pattern of ffar1 and ffar2 genes in proximal gut and brain of all trout ffar genes. Overall, this study presents a comprehensive overview of the ffar family in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Roy
- INRAE, University of Pau and Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapole, F-64310, Saint-Pee-Sur-Nivelle, France.
| | - Elodie Baranek
- INRAE, University of Pau and Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapole, F-64310, Saint-Pee-Sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Lucie Marandel
- INRAE, University of Pau and Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapole, F-64310, Saint-Pee-Sur-Nivelle, France
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Cardona E, Brunet V, Baranek E, Milhade L, Skiba-Cassy S, Bobe J, Calandreau L, Roy J, Colson V. Physical Enrichment Triggers Brain Plasticity and Influences Blood Plasma Circulating miRNA in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081093. [PMID: 35892949 PMCID: PMC9394377 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Overall, this study has reported that environmental enrichment significantly displayed a series of differentially expressed genes and pathways related to cerebral activity, neural plasticity (neurotrophic markers), neurogenesis, and synaptogenesis, essentially in telencephalon, which may underpin the beneficial effects of a complex environment on rainbow trout’s adaptive behaviors. In addition, environmental enrichment significantly influenced circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) profiles of plasma in rainbow trout, which reveals the high potential of c-miRNAs, as physiologically relevant biomarker candidates of fish behavioral plasticity. Abstract Physical enrichment is known to improve living conditions of fish held in farming systems and has been shown to promote behavioral plasticity in captive fish. However, the brain’s regulatory-mechanism systems underlying its behavioral effects remain poorly studied. The present study investigated the impact of a three-month exposure to an enriched environment (EE vs. barren environment, BE) on the modulation of brain function in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles. Using high-throughput RT-qPCR, we assessed mRNA genes related to brain function in several areas of the trout brain. These included markers of cerebral activity and plasticity, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, or selected neurotransmitters pathways (dopamine, glutamate, GABA, and serotonin). Overall, the fish from EE displayed a series of differentially expressed genes (neurotrophic, neurogenesis, and synaptogenesis markers) essentially localized in the telencephalon, which could underpin the beneficial effects of complexifying the environment on fish brain plasticity. In addition, EE significantly affected blood plasma c-miRNA signatures, as revealed by the upregulation of four c-miRNAs (miR-200b/c-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-205-1a-5p, miR-218a-5p) in fish blood plasma after 185 days of EE exposure. Overall, we concluded that complexifying the environment through the addition of physical structures that stimulate and encourage fish to explore promotes the trout’s brain function in farming conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Cardona
- INRAE, INRAE, Université de Pau & Pays Adour, NUMEA, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.S.-C.)
| | | | - Elodie Baranek
- INRAE, INRAE, Université de Pau & Pays Adour, NUMEA, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.S.-C.)
| | - Léo Milhade
- IRISA, INRIA, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, INRAE, Université de Pau & Pays Adour, NUMEA, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.S.-C.)
| | - Julien Bobe
- INRAE, LPGP, 35000 Rennes, France; (V.B.); (J.B.)
| | | | - Jérôme Roy
- INRAE, INRAE, Université de Pau & Pays Adour, NUMEA, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.S.-C.)
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (V.C.)
| | - Violaine Colson
- INRAE, LPGP, 35000 Rennes, France; (V.B.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (V.C.)
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