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Sinenko SA, Tomilin AN. Metabolic control of induced pluripotency. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1328522. [PMID: 38274274 PMCID: PMC10808704 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1328522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells of the mammalian epiblast and their cultured counterparts-embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs)-have the capacity to differentiate in all cell types of adult organisms. An artificial process of reactivation of the pluripotency program in terminally differentiated cells was established in 2006, which allowed for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This iPSC technology has become an invaluable tool in investigating the molecular mechanisms of human diseases and therapeutic drug development, and it also holds tremendous promise for iPSC applications in regenerative medicine. Since the process of induced reprogramming of differentiated cells to a pluripotent state was discovered, many questions about the molecular mechanisms involved in this process have been clarified. Studies conducted over the past 2 decades have established that metabolic pathways and retrograde mitochondrial signals are involved in the regulation of various aspects of stem cell biology, including differentiation, pluripotency acquisition, and maintenance. During the reprogramming process, cells undergo major transformations, progressing through three distinct stages that are regulated by different signaling pathways, transcription factor networks, and inputs from metabolic pathways. Among the main metabolic features of this process, representing a switch from the dominance of oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and anabolic processes, are many critical stage-specific metabolic signals that control the path of differentiated cells toward a pluripotent state. In this review, we discuss the achievements in the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of processes controlled by metabolic pathways, and vice versa, during the reprogramming process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Sinenko
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Ku T, Tan X, Liu Y, Wang R, Fan L, Ren Z, Ning X, Li G, Sang N. Triazole fungicides exert neural differentiation alteration through H3K27me3 modifications: In vitro and in silico study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132225. [PMID: 37557044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Considering that humans are unavoidably exposed to triazole fungicides through the esophagus, respiratory tract, and skin contact, revealing the developmental toxicity of triazole fungicides is vital for health risk assessment. This study aimed to screen and discriminate neural developmental disorder chemicals in commonly used triazole fungicides, and explore the underlying harmful impacts on neurogenesis associated with histone modification abnormality in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). The triploblastic and neural differentiation models were constructed based on mESCs to expose six typical triazole fungicides (myclobutanil, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, propiconazole, difenoconazole, and flusilazole). The result demonstrated that although no cytotoxicity was observed, different triazole fungicides exhibited varying degrees of alterations in neural differentiation, including increased ectodermal differentiation, promoted neurogenesis, increased intracellular calcium ion levels, and disturbance of neurotransmitters. Molecular docking, cluster analysis, and multiple linear regressions demonstrated that the binding affinities between triazole fungicides and the Kdm6b-ligand binding domain were the dominant determinants of the neurodevelopmental response. This partially resulted in the reduced enrichment of H3K27me3 at the promoter region of the serotonin receptor 2 C gene, finally leading to disturbed neural differentiation. The data suggested potential adverse outcomes of triazole fungicides on embryonic neurogenesis even under sublethal doses through interfering histone modification, providing substantial evidence on the safety control of fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ku
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xin Tan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Lifan Fan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
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Poeggeler B, Singh SK, Sambamurti K, Pappolla MA. Tryptophan in Nutrition and Health 2.0. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087112. [PMID: 37108272 PMCID: PMC10138358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This editorial summarizes the eight articles that have been collected for the Special Issue entitled "Tryptophan in Nutrition and Health 2 [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Poeggeler
- Department of Physiology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Biology Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen and Goettingen Research Campus, Am Türmchen 3, D-33332 Gütersloh, Germany
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Kumar Sambamurti
- Department of Neurobiology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB 403, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Miguel Angelo Pappolla
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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