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Novaes DR, Sujii PS, Rodrigues CA, Silva KMNB, Machado AFP, Inoue-Nagata AK, Nakasu EYT, Togni PHB. Natural habitat connectivity and organic management modulate pest dispersal, gene flow, and natural enemy communities. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 34:e2938. [PMID: 38071736 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The simplification and fragmentation of agricultural landscapes generate effects on insects at multiple spatial scales. As each functional group perceives and uses the habitat differently, the response of pest insects and their associated natural enemies to environmental changes varies. Therefore, landscape structure may have consequences on gene flow among pest populations in space. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of local and landscape factors, at multiple scales, on the local infestation, gene flow and broad dispersion dynamics of the pest insect Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM-1, former biotype B) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its associated natural enemies in a tropical agroecosystem. We evaluated the abundance of B. tabaci populations and their natural enemy community in 20 tomato farms in Brazil and the gene flow between farms from 2019 to 2021. Landscapes dominated by agriculture resulted in larger B. tabaci populations and higher gene flow, especially in conventional farms. A higher density of native vegetation patches disfavored pest populations, regardless of the management system. The results revealed that whitefly responds to intermediate spatial scales and that landscape factors interact with management systems to modulate whitefly populations on focal farms. Conversely, whitefly natural enemies benefited from higher amounts of natural vegetation at small spatial scales, while the connectivity between natural habitat patches was beneficial for natural enemies regardless of the distance from the focal farm. The resulting dispersion model predicts that the movement of whiteflies between farms increases as the amount of natural vegetation decreases. Our findings demonstrate that landscape features, notably landscape configuration, can mediate infestation episodes, as they affect pest insects and natural enemies in opposite ways. We also showed that landscape features interact with farm traits, which highlights the need for management strategies at multiple spatial scales. In conclusion, we demonstrated the importance of the conservation of natural areas as a key strategy for area-wide ecological pest management and the relevance of organic farming to benefit natural enemy communities in tropical agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyelle R Novaes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Patricia S Sujii
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
- Centro de Ensino Unificado do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Camila A Rodrigues
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Goiânia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Karen M N B Silva
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Amanda F P Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Alice K Inoue-Nagata
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Erich Y T Nakasu
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Pedro H B Togni
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
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Lestari SM, Khatun MF, Acharya R, Sharma SR, Shrestha YK, Jahan SMH, Aye TT, Lynn OM, Win NKK, Hoat TX, Thi Dao H, Tsai CW, Lee J, Hwang HS, Kil EJ, Lee S, Kim SM, Lee KY. Genetic diversity of cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci in Asia. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21981. [PMID: 36331499 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci is a species complex consisting of various genetically different cryptic species worldwide. To understand the genetic characteristics and geographic distribution of cryptic species of B. tabaci in Asia, we conducted an extensive collection of B. tabaci samples in ten Asian countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam) from 2013 to 2020 and determined 56 different partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA. In addition, information on 129 COI sequences of B. tabaci identified from 16 Asian countries was downloaded from the GenBank database. Among the total 185 COI sequences of B. tabaci, the sequence variation reached to 19.68%. In addition, there were 31 cryptic species updated from 16 countries in Asia, that is, Asia I, Asia I India, Asia II (1-13), Asia III, Asia IV, Asia V, China 1-6, MEAM (1, 2, K), MED, Australia/Indonesia, Japan (1 and 2). Further, MED cryptic species consisted of 2 clades, Q1 and Q2. This study provides updated information to understand the genetic variation and geographic diversity of B. tabaci in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanti Mugi Lestari
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mst Fatema Khatun
- Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajendra Acharya
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushant Raj Sharma
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - S M Hemayet Jahan
- Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Tin-Tin Aye
- Department of Entomology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Ohn Mar Lynn
- Department of Entomology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Nang Kyu Kyu Win
- Department of Plant Pathology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | | | - Hang Thi Dao
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Chi-Wei Tsai
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jangha Lee
- PT. Koreana Seed Indonesia, Kediri Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Hwal-Su Hwang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicine, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sunkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Simmons AM, Riley DG. Improving Whitefly Management. INSECTS 2021; 12:470. [PMID: 34069347 PMCID: PMC8158693 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), especially the sweetpotato or cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), are among the most destructive and difficult to manage polyphagous insect pests around the globe [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin M. Simmons
- U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414, USA
| | - David G. Riley
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Bldg 4603, 110 Research Way, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
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