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The Interplay of Lung Cancer, COVID-19, and Vaccines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315067. [PMID: 36499394 PMCID: PMC9738445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with cancer are more susceptible to a higher risk of coronavirus infection and its severe complications than the general population. In addition, these patients were not included in the pivotal clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, considerable uncertainty remains regarding the management of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and the safety of COVID-19 vaccinations in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge generated from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic on the vulnerability of cancer patients to the coronavirus disease, as well as the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in this population. We also discuss the available data on the effects of anticancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors on the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients. Special attention in this review will be given to patients with lung cancer, as such patients are at an increased risk for severe effects from COVID-19.
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Goswami N, Hansen D, Gumze G, Brix B, Schmid-Zalaudek K, Fredriksen PM. Health and Academic Performance With Happy Children: A Controlled Longitudinal Study Based on the HOPP Project. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:820827. [PMID: 35722126 PMCID: PMC9203822 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.820827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight/obesity in children and adolescents, largely arising due to increased food intake and reduced physical activity, is a major health concern. Physical activity (PA) integrated into learning has been shown to not only lead to improved health outcomes and wellbeing but also positively affect academic performance. The Health and Academic Performance with Happy Children (HAPHC) project aims at enhancing health and academic performance in elementary school children via implementation of a daily unit of Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC), which is carried out within the school setting. In this project, PA as an integrated part of learning will be evaluated and the learning material adapted for a large scale implementation across several European countries. Methods In three European countries (Austria, Slovenia, and Belgium), 12 primary schools in total will be recruited to act as either intervention or control school in a large intervention study, which applies the PAAC pedagogy during lectures. It is estimated that, at least 3,000+ children across the three countries will be recruited in this study. All teachers of intervention schools will receive training and materials/teaching equipment that will allow them to integrate a daily PA unit of 45 min over 3 years across the curriculum. In response to the daily PA intervention, the following primary outcomes will be assessed: changes in health related physiological factors, academic achievement, psycho-social aspects and wellbeing. Impact of Project The HAPHC project aims at promoting public health by increasing PA at an early age within the school setting and therewith preventing the increasing risk of non-communicable diseases across Europe. HAPHC project aims to develop knowledge and materials, which will ensure that the PAAC can be scalable to other European countries. Trial Registration Number ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04956003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandu Goswami
- Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea, Maribor, Slovenia
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dominique Hansen
- REVAL/BIOMED, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt/Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Dominique Hansen
| | - Goran Gumze
- Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Bianca Brix
- Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Schmid-Zalaudek
- Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Per Morten Fredriksen
- Faculty of Health and Social Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
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Labandeira CM, Pedrosa MA, Suarez-Quintanilla JA, Cortes-Ayaso M, Labandeira-García JL, Rodríguez-Pérez AI. Angiotensin System Autoantibodies Correlate With Routine Prognostic Indicators for COVID-19 Severity. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:840662. [PMID: 35355599 PMCID: PMC8959920 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.840662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We previously showed that angiotensin type-1 receptor and ACE2 autoantibodies (AT1-AA, ACE2-AA) are associated with COVID-19 severity. Our aim is to find correlations of these autoantibodies with routine biochemical parameters that allow an initial classification of patients. Methods In an initial cohort of 119 COVID-19 patients, serum AT1-AA and ACE2-AA concentrations were obtained within 24 h after diagnosis. In 50 patients with a complete set of routine biochemical parameters, clinical data and disease outcome information, a Random Forest algorithm was used to select prognostic indicators, and the Spearman coefficient was used to analyze correlations with AT1-AA, ACE2-AA. Results Hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and procalcitonin were selected. A decrease in one unit of hemoglobin, an increase in 0.25 units of procalcitonin, or an increase in 100 units of lactate dehydrogenase increased the severity of the disease by 35.27, 69.25, and 3.2%, respectively. Our binary logistic regression model had a predictive capability to differentiate between mild and moderate/severe disease of 84%, and between mild/moderate and severe disease of 76%. Furthermore, the selected parameters showed strong correlations with AT1-AA or ACE2-AA, particularly in men. Conclusion Hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and procalcitonin can be used for initial classification of COVID-19 patients in the admission day. Subsequent determination of more complex or late arrival biomarkers may provide further data on severity, mechanisms, and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Labandeira
- Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, University Hospital Complex, Vigo, Spain.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria A Pedrosa
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan A Suarez-Quintanilla
- Primary Health-Care Unit Fontiñas, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Cortes-Ayaso
- Emergency Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luis Labandeira-García
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodríguez-Pérez
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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Goswami N, Fredriksen PM, Lundin KEA, Agu C, Elias SO, Motaung KS, Brix B, Cvirn G, Sourij H, Stelzl E, Kessler HH, Saloň A, Nkeh-Chungag B. COVID-19 and its effects on endothelium in HIV-positive patients in sub-Saharan Africa: Cardiometabolic risk, thrombosis and vascular function (ENDOCOVID STUDY). BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:719. [PMID: 34332551 PMCID: PMC8325201 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has affected almost every country in the world, especially in terms of health system capacity and economic burden. People from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) often face interaction between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Role of HIV infection and anti-retroviral treatment (ART) in altered cardiovascular risk is questionable and there is still need to further carry out research in this field. However, thus far it is unclear, what impact the COVID-19 co-infection in people living with HIV (PLHIV), with or without therapy will have. The ENDOCOVID project aims to investigate whether and how HIV-infection in COVID-19 patients modulates the time course of the disease, alters cardiovascular risk, and changes vascular endothelial function and coagulation parameters/ thrombosis risk. METHODS A total of 1026 patients will be included into this study. Cardiovascular research PLHIV with (n = 114 in each of the three recruiting centers) - or without - ART (n = 114 in each of the three recruiting centers) with COVID-19 and HIV-negative with COVID-19 (n = 114 in each of the three recruiting centers) will be carried out via clinical and biochemical measurements for cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vascular and endothelial function will be measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) assessments, and retinal blood vessel analyses, along with vascular endothelial biomarkers and cogualation markers. The correlation between HIV-infection in COVID-19 PLHIV with or without ART and its role in enhancement of cardiovascular risk and endothelial dysfunction will be assessed at admission, weekly, at discharge and, 4 weeks post-discharge (if possible). IMPACT OF PROJECT The ENDOCOVID project aims to evaluate in the long-term the cardiovascular risk and vascular endothelial function in PLHIV thus revealing an important transitional cardiovascular phenotype in COVID-19. The study was registered under clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04709302).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandu Goswami
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D.05, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
- Divison of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europea Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University (WSU), Mthatha, South Africa.
| | - Per Morten Fredriksen
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Prinsensgate 7-9, 0152, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut E A Lundin
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital- Rikshospitalet, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chidozie Agu
- Management Sciences for Health, Global Fund RSSH Project, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Simiat Olanike Elias
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Keolebogile Shirley Motaung
- Department of Technology Transfer & Innovation, Durban University of Technology, Tromso Annex, Steve Biko Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Bianca Brix
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D.05, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Physiological Chemistry Section, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Sourij
- Clinical Division for Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Evelyn Stelzl
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald H Kessler
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Adam Saloň
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D.05, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Benedicta Nkeh-Chungag
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University (WSU), Mthatha, South Africa
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