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Hameed S, Muhammad F, Haynes G, Smith L, Khan AF, Smith ZA. Early neurological changes in aging cervical spine: insights from PROMIS mobility assessment. GeroScience 2024; 46:3123-3134. [PMID: 38198027 PMCID: PMC11009195 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that the prevalence of degenerative spinal cord compression increases with age. However, most cases at early stages are asymptomatic, and their diagnosis remains challenging. Asymptomatic cervical spinal cord compression (ASCC) patients are more likely to experience annular tears, herniated disks, and later develop symptomatic compression. Asymptomatic individuals do not typically undergo spinal cord imaging; therefore, an assessment test that is both sensitive and specific in diagnosing ASCC may be helpful. It has been demonstrated that the Patient Reported Outcome Measure Information System (PROMIS) mobility test is sensitive in detecting degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) symptoms. We investigated the use of the PROMIS mobility test in assessing clinical dysfunction in ASCC. In this study, 51 DCM patients and 42 age-matched healthy control (HC) were enrolled. The degree of cervical spinal cord compression was assessed using the high-resolution cervical spinal cord T2 Weighted (T2w) MRIs, which were available for 14 DCM patients. Measurements of the spinal cords anterior-posterior (AP) diameter at the region(s) that were visibly compressed as well as at different cervical spine levels were used to determine the degree of compression. The age-matched HC cohort had a similar MRI to establish the normal range for AP diameter. Twelve (12) participants in the HC cohort had MRI evidence of cervical spinal cord compression; these individuals were designated as the ASCC cohort. All participants completed the PROMIS mobility, PROMIS pain interference (PI), PROMIS upper extremity (UE), modified Japanese orthopedic association (mJOA), and neck disability index (NDI) scoring scales. We examined the correlation between the AP diameter measurements and the clinical assessment scores to determine their usefulness in the diagnosis of ASCC. Furthermore, we examine the sensitivity and specificity of PROMIS mobility test and mJOA. Compared to the HC group, the participants in the ASCC and DCM cohorts were significantly older (p = 0.006 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Age differences were not observed between ASCC and DCM (p > 0.999). Clinical scores between the ASCC and the HC group were not significantly different using the mJOA (p > 0.99), NDI (p > 0.99), PROMIS UE (p = 0.23), and PROMIS PI (p = 0.82). However, there were significant differences between the ASCC and HC in the PROMIS mobility score (p = 0.01). The spinal cord AP diameter and the PROMIS mobility score showed a significant correlation (r = 0.44, p = 0.002). Decreasing PROMIS mobility was significantly associated with a decrease in cervical spinal cord AP diameter independent of other assessment measures. PROMIS mobility score had a sensitivity of 77.3% and specificity of 79.4% compared to 59.1% and 88.2%, respectively, for mJOA in detecting cervical spinal cord compression. Certain elements of ASCC are not adequately captured with the traditional mJOA and NDI scales used in DCM evaluation. In contrast to other evaluation scales utilized in this investigation, PROMIS mobility score shows a significant association with the AP diameter of the cervical spinal cord, suggesting that it is a sensitive tool for identifying early disability associated with degenerative change in the aging spine. In a comparative analysis of PROMIS mobility test against the standard mJOA, the PROMIS mobility demonstrated higher sensitivity for detecting cervical spinal cord compression. These findings underscore the potential use of PROMIS mobility score in clinical evaluation of the aging spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Hameed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-3252, US
| | - Fauziyya Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-3252, US.
| | - Grace Haynes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-3252, US
| | - Lonnie Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-3252, US
| | - Ali F Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-3252, US
| | - Zachary A Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-3252, US
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Andravizou A, Stavropoulou De Lorenzo S, Kesidou E, Michailidou I, Parissis D, Boziki MK, Stamati P, Bakirtzis C, Grigoriadis N. The Time Trajectory of Choroid Plexus Enlargement in Multiple Sclerosis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:768. [PMID: 38610190 PMCID: PMC11011748 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Choroid plexus (CP) can be seen as a watchtower of the central nervous system (CNS) that actively regulates CNS homeostasis. A growing body of literature suggests that CP alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. CPs are enlarged and inflamed in relapsing-remitting (RRMS) but also in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) stages, far beyond MS diagnosis. Increases in the choroid plexus/total intracranial volume (CP/TIV) ratio have been robustly associated with increased lesion load, higher translocator protein (TSPO) uptake in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and thalami, as well as with higher annual relapse rate and disability progression in highly active RRMS individuals, but not in progressive MS. The CP/TIV ratio has only slightly been correlated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (cortical or whole brain atrophy) and clinical outcomes (EDSS score) in progressive MS. Therefore, we suggest that plexus volumetric assessments should be mainly applied to the early disease stages of MS, whereas it should be taken into consideration with caution in progressive MS. In this review, we attempt to clarify the pathological significance of the temporal CP volume (CPV) changes in MS and highlight the pitfalls and limitations of CP volumetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Andravizou
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Sotiria Stavropoulou De Lorenzo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Evangelia Kesidou
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Iliana Michailidou
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Dimitrios Parissis
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Marina-Kleopatra Boziki
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Polyxeni Stamati
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41334 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (S.S.D.L.); (E.K.); (I.M.); (D.P.); (M.-K.B.); (N.G.)
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Bermejo-Pareja F, del Ser T. Controversial Past, Splendid Present, Unpredictable Future: A Brief Review of Alzheimer Disease History. J Clin Med 2024; 13:536. [PMID: 38256670 PMCID: PMC10816332 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The concept of Alzheimer disease (AD)-since its histological discovery by Alzheimer to the present day-has undergone substantial modifications. Methods: We conducted a classical narrative review of this field with a bibliography selection (giving preference to Medline best match). Results: The following subjects are reviewed and discussed: Alzheimer's discovery, Kraepelin's creation of a new disease that was a rare condition until the 1970's, the growing interest and investment in AD as a major killer in a society with a large elderly population in the second half of the 20th century, the consolidation of the AD clinicopathological model, and the modern AD nosology based on the dominant amyloid hypothesis among many others. In the 21st century, the development of AD biomarkers has supported a novel biological definition of AD, although the proposed therapies have failed to cure this disease. The incidence of dementia/AD has shown a decrease in affluent countries (possibly due to control of risk factors), and mixed dementia has been established as the most frequent etiology in the oldest old. Conclusions: The current concept of AD lacks unanimity. Many hypotheses attempt to explain its complex physiopathology entwined with aging, and the dominant amyloid cascade has yielded poor therapeutic results. The reduction in the incidence of dementia/AD appears promising but it should be confirmed in the future. A reevaluation of the AD concept is also necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Bermejo-Pareja
- CIBERNED, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Research i+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teodoro del Ser
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia—CIEN Foundation, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
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Hu J, Sha W, Yuan S, Wu J, Huang Y. Aggregation, Transmission, and Toxicity of the Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau: A Complex Comprehension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15023. [PMID: 37834471 PMCID: PMC10573976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau is an intrinsically disordered protein containing a few short and transient secondary structures. Tau physiologically associates with microtubules (MTs) for its stabilization and detaches from MTs to regulate its dynamics. Under pathological conditions, tau is abnormally modified, detaches from MTs, and forms protein aggregates in neuronal and glial cells. Tau protein aggregates can be found in a number of devastating neurodegenerative diseases known as "tauopathies", such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), etc. However, it is still unclear how the tau protein is compacted into ordered protein aggregates, and the toxicity of the aggregates is still debated. Fortunately, there has been considerable progress in the study of tau in recent years, particularly in the understanding of the intercellular transmission of pathological tau species, the structure of tau aggregates, and the conformational change events in the tau polymerization process. In this review, we summarize the concepts of tau protein aggregation and discuss the views on tau protein transmission and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; (J.H.); (W.S.); (S.Y.)
| | - Wenchi Sha
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; (J.H.); (W.S.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shuangshuang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; (J.H.); (W.S.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; (J.H.); (W.S.); (S.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yunpeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; (J.H.); (W.S.); (S.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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Sanghai N, Tranmer GK. Biochemical and Molecular Pathways in Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Integrated View. Cells 2023; 12:2318. [PMID: 37759540 PMCID: PMC10527779 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are defined by a myriad of complex aetiologies. Understanding the common biochemical molecular pathologies among NDDs gives an opportunity to decipher the overlapping and numerous cross-talk mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Numerous interrelated pathways lead to the progression of neurodegeneration. We present evidence from the past pieces of literature for the most usual global convergent hallmarks like ageing, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity-induced calcium butterfly effect, defective proteostasis including chaperones, autophagy, mitophagy, and proteosome networks, and neuroinflammation. Herein, we applied a holistic approach to identify and represent the shared mechanism across NDDs. Further, we believe that this approach could be helpful in identifying key modulators across NDDs, with a particular focus on AD, PD, and ALS. Moreover, these concepts could be applied to the development and diagnosis of novel strategies for diverse NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Sanghai
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Geoffrey K. Tranmer
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Stepanichev M, Aniol V, Lazareva N, Gulyaeva N. Decreased Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Aged Male Wistar Rats Is Not Associated with Memory Acquisition in a Water Maze. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13276. [PMID: 37686083 PMCID: PMC10487931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is associated with a progressive decrease in learning abilities, memory, attention, decision making, and sensory perception. Age-related cognitive disturbances may be related to a decrease in the functional capacities of the hippocampus. This brain region is essential for learning and memory, and the lifelong neurogenesis occurring in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus may be a key event mediating the mnemonic functions of the hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated whether age-related changes in hippocampal neurogenesis are associated with learning and memory disturbances. Four- and 24-month-old rats were trained to find a hidden platform in a water maze. Though the older group showed higher latency to search the platform as compared to the younger group, both groups learned the task. However, the density of proliferating (PCNA-positive), differentiating (Dcx-positive), and new neurons (pre-labeled BrdU-positive) was significantly lower in the hippocampus of aged rats as compared to young ones. This inhibition of neurogenesis could be related to increased local production of nitric oxide since the density of neurons expressing neuronal NO-synthase was higher in the aged hippocampus. Thus, we can suggest that an age-related decrease in neurogenesis is not directly associated with place learning in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Stepanichev
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str., 5a, Moscow 117485, Russia; (V.A.); (N.L.); (N.G.)
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Bakirtzis C, Lima M, De Lorenzo SS, Artemiadis A, Theotokis P, Kesidou E, Konstantinidou N, Sintila SA, Boziki MK, Parissis D, Ioannidis P, Karapanayiotides T, Hadjigeorgiou G, Grigoriadis N. Secondary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Disorders in the Elderly: A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2126. [PMID: 37570367 PMCID: PMC10418902 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary demyelinating diseases comprise a wide spectrum group of pathological conditions and may either be attributed to a disorder primarily affecting the neurons or axons, followed by demyelination, or to an underlying condition leading to secondary damage of the myelin sheath. In the elderly, primary demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as multiple sclerosis, are relatively uncommon. However, secondary causes of CNS demyelination may often occur and in this case, extensive diagnostic workup is usually needed. Infectious, postinfectious, or postvaccinal demyelination may be observed, attributed to age-related alterations of the immune system in this population. Osmotic disturbances and nutritional deficiencies, more commonly observed in the elderly, may lead to conditions such as pontine/extrapontine myelinolysis, Wernicke encephalopathy, and demyelination of the posterior columns of the spinal cord. The prevalence of malignancies is higher in the elderly, sometimes leading to radiation-induced, immunotherapy-related, or paraneoplastic CNS demyelination. This review intends to aid clinical neurologists in broadening their diagnostic approach to secondary CNS demyelinating diseases in the elderly. Common clinical conditions leading to secondary demyelination and their clinical manifestations are summarized here, while the current knowledge of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is additionally presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Bakirtzis
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Maria Lima
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Sotiria Stavropoulou De Lorenzo
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Artemios Artemiadis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyprus, Nicosia CY-2029, Cyprus; (A.A.); (G.H.)
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Evangelia Kesidou
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Natalia Konstantinidou
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Styliani-Aggeliki Sintila
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Marina-Kleopatra Boziki
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Dimitrios Parissis
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Panagiotis Ioannidis
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | - Theodoros Karapanayiotides
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
| | | | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (S.S.D.L.); (P.T.); (E.K.); (N.K.); (S.-A.S.); (M.-K.B.); (D.P.); (P.I.); (T.K.); (N.G.)
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França DCH, Fujimori M, de Queiroz AA, Borges MD, Magalhães Neto AM, de Camargos PJV, Ribeiro EB, França EL, Honorio-França AC, Fagundes-Triches DLG. Melatonin and Cytokines Modulate Daily Instrumental Activities of Elderly People with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108647. [PMID: 37239991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment analyzes the health and quality of life of the elderly. Basic and instrumental daily activities may be compromised due to neuroimmunoendocrine changes, and studies suggest that possible immunological changes occur during infections in the elderly. Thus, this study aimed to analyze cytokine and melatonin levels in serum and correlate the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The sample consisted of 73 elderly individuals, 43 of whom were without infection and 30 of whom had positive diagnoses of COVID-19. Blood samples were collected to quantify cytokines by flow cytometry and melatonin by ELISA. In addition, structured and validated questionnaires were applied to assess basic (Katz) and instrumental (Lawton and Brody) activities. There was an increase in IL-6, IL-17, and melatonin in the group of elderly individuals with infection. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between melatonin and IL-6 and IL-17 in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the score of the Lawton and Brody Scale in the infected elderly. These data suggest that the melatonin hormone and inflammatory cytokines are altered in the serum of the elderly with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, there is a degree of dependence, mainly regarding the performance of daily instrumental activities, in the elderly. The considerable impact on the elderly person's ability to perform everyday tasks necessary for independent living is an extremely important result, and changes in cytokines and melatonin probably are associated with alterations in these daily activities of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmi Fujimori
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Adriele Ataídes de Queiroz
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Maraísa Delmut Borges
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Aníbal Monteiro Magalhães Neto
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Elton Brito Ribeiro
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78557-287, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luzía França
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
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