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Lambert C, Schmidt K, Karger M, Stadler M, Stradal TEB, Rottner K. Cytochalasans and Their Impact on Actin Filament Remodeling. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1247. [PMID: 37627312 PMCID: PMC10452583 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic actin cytoskeleton comprises the protein itself in its monomeric and filamentous forms, G- and F-actin, as well as multiple interaction partners (actin-binding proteins, ABPs). This gives rise to a temporally and spatially controlled, dynamic network, eliciting a plethora of motility-associated processes. To interfere with the complex inter- and intracellular interactions the actin cytoskeleton confers, small molecular inhibitors have been used, foremost of all to study the relevance of actin filaments and their turnover for various cellular processes. The most prominent inhibitors act by, e.g., sequestering monomers or by interfering with the polymerization of new filaments and the elongation of existing filaments. Among these inhibitors used as tool compounds are the cytochalasans, fungal secondary metabolites known for decades and exploited for their F-actin polymerization inhibitory capabilities. In spite of their application as tool compounds for decades, comprehensive data are lacking that explain (i) how the structural deviances of the more than 400 cytochalasans described to date influence their bioactivity mechanistically and (ii) how the intricate network of ABPs reacts (or adapts) to cytochalasan binding. This review thus aims to summarize the information available concerning the structural features of cytochalasans and their influence on the described activities on cell morphology and actin cytoskeleton organization in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lambert
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Katharina Schmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marius Karger
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Theresia E. B. Stradal
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Suwannasai N, Sangvichien E, Phosri C, McCloskey S, Wangsawat N, Thamvithayakorn P, Ruchikachorn N, Thienhirun S, Mekkamol S, Sihanonth P, Whalley MA, Whalley AJS. Exploring the Xylariaceae and its relatives. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2023; 64:15. [PMID: 37382773 PMCID: PMC10310687 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The Xylariaceae and its relatives rank as one of the best-known members of the Ascomycota. They are now well recognized for their diversity, global distribution, ecological activities and their outstanding novel metabolites with wide ranging bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttika Suwannasai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wattana District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Ek Sangvichien
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Hua Mark Bangkapi, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Cherdchai Phosri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, 48000, Thailand
| | - Sirirath McCloskey
- National Products Research Unit, Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Niwana Wangsawat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wattana District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
- Food Research Unit, CPF Food Research and Development Center, 359 Moo 4 Wang Noi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, 13170, Thailand
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Bangkok, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Pisit Thamvithayakorn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Wattana District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Nutthaporn Ruchikachorn
- The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), 924 Sukhumvit Road, Phra Khanong Subdistrict, Klong Toei District, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Surang Thienhirun
- Department of Royal Forest, Forest Products Research Division, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Sureewan Mekkamol
- Plant Protection Program, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, 63 Sansai-Phrao Road, Nongharn, Sansai District, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Prakitsin Sihanonth
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Margaret A Whalley
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Anthony J S Whalley
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
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Cedeño-Sanchez M, Charria-Girón E, Lambert C, Luangsa-ard JJ, Decock C, Franke R, Brönstrup M, Stadler M. Segregation of the genus Parahypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) from Hypoxylon by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. MycoKeys 2023; 95:131-162. [DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.95.98125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During a mycological survey of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a fungal specimen that morphologically resembled the American species Hypoxylon papillatum was encountered. A polyphasic approach including morphological and chemotaxonomic together with a multigene phylogenetic study (ITS, LSU, tub2, and rpb2) of Hypoxylon spp. and representatives of related genera revealed that this strain represents a new species of the Hypoxylaceae. However, the multi-locus phylogenetic inference indicated that the new fungus clustered with H. papillatum in a separate clade from the other species of Hypoxylon. Studies by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and ion mobility tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-IM-MS/MS) were carried out on the stromatal extracts. In particular, the MS/MS spectra of the major stromatal metabolites of these species indicated the production of hitherto unreported azaphilone pigments with a similar core scaffold to the cohaerin-type metabolites, which are exclusively found in the Hypoxylaceae. Based on these results, the new genus Parahypoxylon is introduced herein. Aside from P. papillatum, the genus also includes P. ruwenzoriensesp. nov., which clustered together with the type species within a basal clade of the Hypoxylaceae together with its sister genus Durotheca.
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Yang EF, Karunarathna SC, Dai DQ, Stephenson SL, Elgorban AM, Al-Rejaie S, Xiong YR, Promputtha I, Samarakoon MC, Tibpromma S. Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Fungi Associated with Mangifera indica from Yunnan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1249. [PMID: 36547582 PMCID: PMC9780836 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During investigations of saprobic fungi associated with mango (Mangifera indica) in Baoshan and Honghe of Yunnan Province (China), fungal taxa belonging to the orders Botryosphaeriales, Calosphaeriales, Chaetothyriales, Diaporthales, and Xylariales were recorded. Morphological examinations coupled with phylogenetic analyses of multigene sequences (ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, rpb1, rpb2, β-tubulin and CAL) were used to identify the fungal taxa. A new genus viz. Mangifericola, four new species viz. Cyphellophora hongheensis, Diaporthe hongheensis, Hypoxylon hongheensis, and Mangifericola hongheensis, four new host and geographical records viz. Aplosporella artocarpi, Hypomontagnella monticulosa, Paraeutypella citricola and Pleurostoma ootheca, and two new collections of Lasiodiplodia are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Fu Yang
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Master of Science Program in Applied Microbiology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Dong-Qin Dai
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Steven L. Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yin-Ru Xiong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Milan C. Samarakoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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Studies on the secondary metabolism of Rosellinia and Dematophora strains (Xylariaceae) from Iran. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-022-01816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe xylariaceous genus Dematophora has recently been resurrected and segregated from Rosellinia based on a molecular phylogeny and morphological characters. This was an important taxonomic change because Dematophora in the current sense contains several important pathogens, while Rosellinia is limited to mainly saprotrophic species that have an endophytic stage in their life cycle and may even have beneficial effects on the host plants. During our ongoing work on the functional biodiversity of the Xylariales, we have encountered new strains of rosellinoid Xylariaceae from Iran and have studied their mycelial cultures for secondary metabolites in an attempt to establish further chemotaxonomic affinities. In the process, we isolated and identified 13 compounds, of which rosellisteroid (1), the cichorine derivative 2, and the alkaloid 3 are new. Out of these, nine were tested for their antimicrobial affinities with cytochalasin E (6) exhibiting weak activity against Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The cytotoxicity of three cytochalasin derivatives was examined and their effects on the F-actin cytoskeletal organization studied by fluorescence microscopy using fluorescent phalloidin. Cytochalasin E (6) and Δ6,12-cytochalasin E (7) showed strong and irreversible action on actin, while cytochalasin K (8) exhibited weaker, reversible effects.
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Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Cytochalasins from Sparticola triseptata Inhibit Actin Polymerization and Aggregation. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060560. [PMID: 35736043 PMCID: PMC9225350 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Laying the groundwork on preliminary structure–activity relationship study relating to the disruptive activity of cytochalasan derivatives on mammalian cell actin cytoskeleton, we furthered our study on the cytochalasans of the Dothideomycetes fungus, Sparticola triseptata. A new cytochalasan analog triseptatin (1), along with the previously described cytochalasans deoxaphomin B (2) and cytochalasin B (3), and polyketide derivatives cis-4-hydroxy-6-deoxyscytalone (4) and 6-hydroxymellein (5) were isolated from the rice culture of S. triseptata. The structure of 1 was elucidated through NMR spectroscopic analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The relative and absolute configurations were established through analysis of NOESY spectroscopic data and later correlated with experimental electronic circular dichroism and time-dependent density functional theory (ECD–TDDFT) computational analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activities against seven mammalian cell lines (L929, KB3.1, MCF-7, A549, PC-3, SKOV-3, and A431) and antiproliferative effects against the myeloid leukemia K-562 cancer cell line. Both 1 and 2 were shown to possess properties inhibiting the F-actin network, prompting further hypotheses that should to be tested in the future to enable a well-resolved concept of the structural implications determining the bioactivity of the cytochalasin backbone against F-actin.
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Ma X, Chomnunti P, Doilom M, Daranagama DA, Kang J. Multigene Phylogeny Reveals Endophytic Xylariales Novelties from Dendrobium Species from Southwestern China and Northern Thailand. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030248. [PMID: 35330250 PMCID: PMC8955275 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylariales are common endophytes of Dendrobium. However, xylarialean species resolution remains difficult without sequence data and poor sporulation on artificial media and asexual descriptions for only several species and old type material. The surface-sterilized and morph-molecular methods were used for fungal isolation and identification. A total of forty-seven strains were identified as twenty-three species belonging to Apiosporaceae, Hypoxylaceae, Induratiaceae, and Xylariaceae. Five new species—Annulohypoxylon moniliformis, Apiospora dendrobii, Hypoxylon endophyticum, H. officinalis and Nemania dendrobii were discovered. Three tentative new species were speculated in Xylaria. Thirteen known fungal species from Hypoxylon, Nemania, Nigrospora, and Xylaria were also identified. Another two strains were only identified at the genus and family level (Induratia sp., Hypoxylaceae sp.). This study recorded 12 new hosts for xylarialean endophytes. This is the first report of Xylariales species as endophytes from Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum, D. cariniferum, D. harveyanum, D. hercoglossum, D. moniliforme, and D. moschatum. Dendrobium is associated with abundant xylarialean taxa, especially species of Hypoxylon and Xylaria. We recommend the use of oat agar with low concentrations to induce sporulation of Xylaria strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Ma
- Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resource of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Putarak Chomnunti
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Mingkwan Doilom
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China;
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Dinushani Anupama Daranagama
- Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Colombo 11300, Sri Lanka;
| | - Jichuan Kang
- Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resource of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-8558-8309
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Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Hypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Ascomycota) from China. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Hypoxylon species play an important ecological role in tropical rainforest as wood-decomposers, and some might have benefical effects on their hosts as endophytes. The present work concerns a survey of the genus Hypoxylon from Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park of China. Four new species: H. wuzhishanense, H. hainanense, H.chrysalidosporum, and H.cyclobalanopsidis, were discovered based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data. Hypoxylon wuzhishanense is characterized by Rust pulvinate stromata, amyloid apical apparatus and brown ascospores, with most of the perispore being indehiscent in 10% KOH. Hypoxylon hainanense has effused–pulvinate and Violet stromata, amyloid apical apparatus, light-brown to brown ascospores with straight germ slit and dehiscent perispore. Hypoxylonchrysalidosporum is distinguished by glomerate to pulvinate stromata, highly reduced or absent inamyloid apical apparatus, and light-brown to brown ascospores with very conspicuous coil-like ornamentation. Hypoxyloncyclobalanopsidis has Livid Purple pulvinate stromata, highly reduced amyloid apical apparatus, faint bluing, brown ascospores and dehiscent perispore, and it grows on dead branches of Cyclobalanopsis. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and contrasts with morphologically similar species are provided. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS, RPB2, LSU, and β-tubulin sequences confirmed that the four new species are distinct within the genus Hypoxylon.
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Diversity of Endophytic and Pathogenic Fungi of Saffron (Crocus sativus) Plants from Cultivation Sites in Italy. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Crocus sativus is an important crop for the production of saffron and bioactive compounds. Plant endophytic fungi are a source of secondary metabolites additional to those produced by the plant itself. We analysed the biodiversity of endophytic fungi present in corms, stems, leaves, tepals, and stigmas of C. sativus from ten Italian sites; furthermore, we isolated putative pathogenic fungi from rotten plants. We used an in vitro isolation approach followed by molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS rDNA) region. We obtained 165 strains belonging to 39 OTUs, spreading over 26 genera and 29 species. Dark septate endophytes of the genus Cadophora and the species Talaromyces pinophilus dominated in corms, while Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum spp., T. pinophilus, Mucor fragilis, and Stemphylium vesicarium dominated in other tissues. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus oryzae. Endophytic communities significantly differed among tissues and life stages, whereas differences among cultivation sites were not statistically supported. Several endophytes were hypothesized to have changing trophic modes and/or to be latent pathogens in C. sativus. All strains were conserved ex-situ for future bioactivity tests and production of metabolites.
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Pimenta LPS, Gomes DC, Cardoso PG, Takahashi JA. Recent Findings in Azaphilone Pigments. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:541. [PMID: 34356920 PMCID: PMC8307326 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are known to biosynthesize an extraordinary range of azaphilones pigments with structural diversity and advantages over vegetal-derived colored natural products such agile and simple cultivation in the lab, acceptance of low-cost substrates, speed yield improvement, and ease of downstream processing. Modern genetic engineering allows industrial production, providing pigments with higher thermostability, water-solubility, and promising bioactivities combined with ecological functions. This review, covering the literature from 2020 onwards, focuses on the state-of-the-art of azaphilone dyes, the global market scenario, new compounds isolated in the period with respective biological activities, and biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, we discussed the innovations of azaphilone cultivation and extraction techniques, as well as in yield improvement and scale-up. Potential applications in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and textile industries were also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia P. S. Pimenta
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Dhionne C. Gomes
- Department of Food Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia G. Cardoso
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Av. Dr. Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Lavras CEP 37200-900, MG, Brazil;
| | - Jacqueline A. Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
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Kuhnert E, Navarro-Muñoz J, Becker K, Stadler M, Collemare J, Cox R. Secondary metabolite biosynthetic diversity in the fungal family Hypoxylaceae and Xylaria hypoxylon. Stud Mycol 2021; 99:100118. [PMID: 34527085 PMCID: PMC8403587 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2021.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To date little is known about the genetic background that drives the production and diversification of secondary metabolites in the Hypoxylaceae. With the recent availability of high-quality genome sequences for 13 representative species and one relative (Xylaria hypoxylon) we attempted to survey the diversity of biosynthetic pathways in these organisms to investigate their true potential as secondary metabolite producers. Manual search strategies based on the accumulated knowledge on biosynthesis in fungi enabled us to identify 783 biosynthetic pathways across 14 studied species, the majority of which were arranged in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC). The similarity of BGCs was analysed with the BiG-SCAPE engine which organised the BGCs into 375 gene cluster families (GCF). Only ten GCFs were conserved across all of these fungi indicating that speciation is accompanied by changes in secondary metabolism. From the known compounds produced by the family members some can be directly correlated with identified BGCs which is highlighted herein by the azaphilone, dihydroxynaphthalene, tropolone, cytochalasan, terrequinone, terphenyl and brasilane pathways giving insights into the evolution and diversification of those compound classes. Vice versa, products of various BGCs can be predicted through homology analysis with known pathways from other fungi as shown for the identified ergot alkaloid, trigazaphilone, curvupallide, viridicatumtoxin and swainsonine BGCs. However, the majority of BGCs had no obvious links to known products from the Hypoxylaceae or other well-studied biosynthetic pathways from fungi. These findings highlight that the number of known compounds strongly underrepresents the biosynthetic potential in these fungi and that a tremendous number of unidentified secondary metabolites is still hidden. Moreover, with increasing numbers of genomes for further Hypoxylaceae species becoming available, the likelihood of revealing new biosynthetic pathways that encode new, potentially useful compounds will significantly improve. Reaching a better understanding of the biology of these producers, and further development of genetic methods for their manipulation, will be crucial to access their treasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Kuhnert
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Institute for Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - J.C. Navarro-Muñoz
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K. Becker
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Institute for Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - M. Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J. Collemare
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R.J. Cox
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Institute for Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Primahana G, Narmani A, Surup F, Teponno RB, Arzanlou M, Stadler M. Five Tetramic Acid Derivatives Isolated from the Iranian Fungus Colpoma quercinum CCTU A372. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060783. [PMID: 34067463 PMCID: PMC8224775 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Submerged mycelial cultures of the ascomycete Colpoma quercinum CCTU A372 were found to produce five previously undescribed tetramic acids, for which we propose the trivial names colposetins A-C (1-3) and colpomenoic acids A and B (4 and 5), along with the known compounds penicillide (6) and monodictyphenone (7). The planar structures of 1-5 were determined by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS) and extensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Their absolute configurations were determined by the combination of electronic circular dischroism (ECD) analysis, J-based configurational analysis, and a rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) experiment. Colposetin B displayed weak antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Mucor hiemalis (MIC 67 µg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Primahana
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (G.P.); (A.N.); (F.S.); (R.B.T.)
- Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong, 15314 Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia
| | - Abolfazl Narmani
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (G.P.); (A.N.); (F.S.); (R.B.T.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666, Iran;
| | - Frank Surup
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (G.P.); (A.N.); (F.S.); (R.B.T.)
| | - Rémy Bertrand Teponno
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (G.P.); (A.N.); (F.S.); (R.B.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mahdi Arzanlou
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666, Iran;
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (G.P.); (A.N.); (F.S.); (R.B.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Guan QX, Zhao CL. Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Wood-Inhabiting Fungal Genus Hyphoderma with Descriptions of Three New Species from East Asia. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:308. [PMID: 33923807 PMCID: PMC8072537 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new wood-inhabiting fungi, Hyphoderma crystallinum, H. membranaceum, and H. microporoides spp. nov., are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Hyphoderma crystallinum is characterized by the resupinate basidiomata with smooth hymenial surface scattering scattered nubby crystals, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and numerous encrusted cystidia present. Hyphoderma membranaceum is characterized by the resupinate basidiomata with tuberculate hymenial surface, presence of the moniliform cystidia, and ellipsoid to cylindrical basidiospores. Hyphoderma microporoides is characterized by the resupinate, cottony basidiomata distributing the scattered pinholes visible using hand lens on the hymenial surface, presence of halocystidia, and cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores. Sequences of ITS+nLSU rRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. These phylogenetic analyses showed that three new species clustered into Hyphoderma, in which H. crystallinum was sister to H. variolosum, H. membranaceum was retrieved as a sister species of H. sinense, and H. microporoides was closely grouped with H. nemorale. In addition to new species, map to show global distribution of Hyphoderma species treated in the phylogenetic tree and an identification key to Chinese Hyphoderma are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Xin Guan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Chang-Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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