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Mai H, Yang X, Xie Y, Zhou J, Wei Y, Luo T, Yang J, Cui P, Ye L, Liang H, Huang J. Identification of the shared hub gene signatures and molecular mechanisms between HIV-1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7048. [PMID: 38528047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The close link between HIV-1 infection and the occurrence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of their interrelation remain unclear. The microarray data of HIV-1 and PAH were downloaded from GEO database. We utilized WGCNA to identify shared genes between HIV-1 and PAH, followed by conducting GO and pathway enrichment analyses. Subsequently, differentially genes analysis was performed using external validation datasets to further filter hub genes. Immunoinfiltration analysis was performed using CIBERSORT. Finally, hub gene expression was validated using scRNA-seq data. We identified 109 shared genes through WGCNA, primarily enriched in type I interferon (IFN) pathways. By taking the intersection of WGCNA important module genes and DEGs, ISG15 and IFI27 were identified as pivotal hub genes. Immunoinfiltration analysis and scRNA-seq results indicated the significant role of monocytes in the shared molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 and PAH. In summary, our study illustrated the possible mechanism of PAH secondary to HIV-1 and showed that the heightened IFN response in HIV-1 might be a crucial susceptibility factor for PAH, with monocytes being pivotal cells involved in the type I IFN response pathway. This provides potential new insights for further investigating the molecular mechanisms connecting HIV-1 and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhuo Mai
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yulan Xie
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yiru Wei
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Tingyan Luo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Li Ye
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiegang Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Molecular Diagnosis of Endemic Mycoses. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010059. [PMID: 36675880 PMCID: PMC9866865 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of endemic mycoses is still challenging. The moderated availability of reliable diagnostic methods, the lack of clinical suspicion out of endemic areas and the limitations of conventional techniques result in a late diagnosis that, in turn, delays the implementation of the correct antifungal therapy. In recent years, molecular methods have emerged as promising tools for the rapid diagnosis of endemic mycoses. However, the absence of a consensus among laboratories and the reduced availability of commercial tests compromises the diagnostic effectiveness of these methods. In this review, we summarize the advantages and limitations of molecular methods for the diagnosis of endemic mycoses.
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