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Wagri NK, Carlborg M, Eriksson M, Ma C, Broström M, Andersson BM. High temperature interactions between K-rich biomass ash and MgO-based refractories. Ann Ital Chir 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Alzaky MAM, Ahmed SSE, Basheer RA, Siddig R, Ibraheem TA, Kashif M, Wang F, Lu H, Tan J, Li D. Yellow phosphorus and Potash for SO X and NO X removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 43:1-9. [PMID: 34110267 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1939431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flue gases emitted from the industries and other emission sources are considered the main atmospheric issues. The main Flue gases emitted are sulfur oxides SOX and Nitrogen oxides NOX. The study was about methods of removing SOX and NOX from emitted gases and the possibility of deriving useful byproducts. The process for removing was investigated using different absorbers, process conditions, and phosphorus allotropes. The yellow phosphorus (P4) was applied for removal accompanied by Potash. The simultaneous removal achieved higher removing efficiency for SOX than NOX. Yellow phosphorus emulsion proved to be one of the effective SOX and NOX removal techniques. Byproducts produced from SOX and NOX proved to contain the complete fertiliser Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium NPK. The obtained results showed that several useful byproducts can be derived from SOX and NOX removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montaser Abduallah Mohammed Alzaky
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology of Industries, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Samah Sir Elkhatem Ahmed
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology of Industries, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Rawya Adam Basheer
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology of Industries, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Rawia Siddig
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology of Industries, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Tomadir A Ibraheem
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology of Industries, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feikun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Lu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaoyue Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengxin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Pan L, Jiang Y. Evaluating the Effects of KCl on Thermal Behavior and Reaction Kinetics of Medium Density Fiberboard Pyrolysis. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12111826. [PMID: 31195678 PMCID: PMC6600992 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The effects of potassium chloride (KCl) on the pyrolysis of medium density fiberboard (MDF) were investigated by using thermogravimetry/Fourier-transfer infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). Five MDF samples treated with different KCl concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3%) were heated with a heating rate of 20 °C/min. The thermogravimetry (TG) results showed that KCl caused the primary pyrolysis stage towards lower temperatures. The FTIR results indicated that with the concentrations of KCl, the formation of CH4 and C=O functional groups decreased while the formation of CO2 and CO increased. To figure out the reason for the observed phenomena, the kinetic parameters in primary pyrolysis and the secondary charring reaction were estimated by a differential evolution (DE) optimization algorithm. The prediction indicated that KCl shifted the initial degradation temperature of each component of MDF towards a lower temperature. Char and gas yields increased with the concentration of KCl, whereas the tar yield reduced. The changes in activation energies revealed that KCl played a catalyst role in the reaction of resin, hemicellulose and cellulose in primary pyrolysis. For lignin, KCl had little effect. In the secondary charring reaction, KCl apparently promoted the reaction of tar. The catalytic effect of KCl on MDF pyrolysis was the combination of primary pyrolysis and the secondary charring reaction. Finally, the optimal catalytic concentration for KCl on MDF pyrolysis was analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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