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Butera A, Maiorani C, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Venugopal A, Marya A, Scribante A. Evaluation of Adjuvant Systems in Non-Surgical Peri-Implant Treatment: A Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050886. [PMID: 35628025 PMCID: PMC9140356 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Can the use of lasers, ozone, probiotics, glycine and/or erythritol, and chlorhexidine in combination with non-surgical peri-implant treatment have additional beneficial effects on the clinical parameters? Objectives: The non-surgical treatment of peri-implant pathologies is based on mechanical debridement to eliminate bacterial biofilm and reduce tissue inflammation; some additional therapies have been studied to achieve more detailed clinical results. Materials and methods: A literature search for publications until January 2022 was conducted. The research question is formulated following the Problem, Intervention, Comparison/Control, and Outcome. Studies investigating adjunctive therapies were included. Results: In total, 29 articles were included. Most of the studies did not show any additional benefit of these therapies in the evaluation of bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, or plaque index; among the proposed treatments, the use of laser was the one most studied in the literature, with the achievement of a reduction of bleeding and pocket depth. More studies would be needed to assess the benefit of other therapies. Conclusions: This review showed no significant improvements in the state of health in support of mechanical debridement therapy. However, the few benefits found would deserve to be considered in new clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Butera
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (C.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Carolina Maiorani
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (C.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Simone Gallo
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Maurizio Pascadopoli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.G.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (C.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Adith Venugopal
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Anand Marya
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia;
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.G.); (A.S.)
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Butera A, Maiorani C, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Venugopal A, Marya A, Scribante A. Evaluation of Adjuvant Systems in Non-Surgical Peri-Implant Treatment: A Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022. [PMID: 35628025 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050886.pmid:35628025;pmcid:pmc9140356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Can the use of lasers, ozone, probiotics, glycine and/or erythritol, and chlorhexidine in combination with non-surgical peri-implant treatment have additional beneficial effects on the clinical parameters? Objectives: The non-surgical treatment of peri-implant pathologies is based on mechanical debridement to eliminate bacterial biofilm and reduce tissue inflammation; some additional therapies have been studied to achieve more detailed clinical results. Materials and methods: A literature search for publications until January 2022 was conducted. The research question is formulated following the Problem, Intervention, Comparison/Control, and Outcome. Studies investigating adjunctive therapies were included. Results: In total, 29 articles were included. Most of the studies did not show any additional benefit of these therapies in the evaluation of bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, or plaque index; among the proposed treatments, the use of laser was the one most studied in the literature, with the achievement of a reduction of bleeding and pocket depth. More studies would be needed to assess the benefit of other therapies. Conclusions: This review showed no significant improvements in the state of health in support of mechanical debridement therapy. However, the few benefits found would deserve to be considered in new clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Butera
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carolina Maiorani
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Gallo
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pascadopoli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Adith Venugopal
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Anand Marya
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Murias I, Grzech-Leśniak K, Murias A, Walicka-Cupryś K, Dominiak M, Golob Deeb J, Matys J. Efficacy of Various Laser Wavelengths in the Surgical Treatment of Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040558. [PMID: 35455049 PMCID: PMC9031639 DOI: 10.3390/life12040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankyloglossia, commonly known as tongue-tie, is the most common disorder of tongue morphology characterized by aberrant attachment of the lingual frenum. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive literature review and evaluate the effectiveness of various laser wavelengths in the surgical treatment of patients with ankyloglossia. An electronic screening of PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases was conducted on 8 November 2021. The following search terms were used to review the available data on the subject of interest: (ankyloglossia OR tongue tie OR short lingual frenulum OR lingual frenectomy OR lingual frenulectomy OR lingual frenotomy OR lingual frenulotomy) AND laser. The use of lasers in ankyloglossia treatment resulted in shorter procedure time, reduced indications for general anesthesia, reduced administration of postoperative analgesics, fewer sutures or none needed, reduced postoperative bleeding, and improved healing. Despite many advantages, this method has its clinical limitations: it requires the use of expensive equipment; well-trained personnel familiar with lasers; and personal protective equipment for the patient, caregiver, operator, and assistant. The laser procedure does not eliminate the need for myofunctional exercises and work with a speech therapist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Murias
- EMDOLA, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory, Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.D.); (J.M.)
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Murias
- Faculty of Medicine, Pavel Jozef Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Katarzyna Walicka-Cupryś
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Laser Laboratory, Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Janina Golob Deeb
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
| | - Jacek Matys
- Laser Laboratory, Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.D.); (J.M.)
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Rajasekar A, Varghese S. MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN PERIODONTITIS AND PERI-IMPLANTITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2022; 32:83-94. [DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2022043121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kensy J, Dobrzyński M, Wiench R, Grzech-Leśniak K, Matys J. Fibroblasts Adhesion to Laser-Modified Titanium Surfaces-A Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7305. [PMID: 34885459 PMCID: PMC8658165 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laser treatment has been recently introduced in many fields of implant dentistry. The systematic review tried to address the question: "How does laser modification of titanium surface influence fibroblast adhesion?". METHODS An electronic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed. The following keywords were used: (laser) AND (fibroblast) AND (titanium) AND (implant OR disc) AND (proliferation OR adhesion). Initially, 136 studies were found. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. All studies chosen to be included in the review were considered to have a low risk of bias. RESULTS Studies included in the review varied with laser parameters or ways of observing fibroblast behavior. Studies showed that fibroblasts tend to take different shapes and create extensions on modified surfaces and that their metabolic activity is more intense. One study concentrated on laser application and showed that three-directional laser application is the most successful in terms of fibroblast adhesion. Studies which concentrated more on laser parameters showed that too low energy density (lower or equal to 0.75 J/cm2) does not influence fibroblast adhesion. Increasing the energy density over 0.75 J/cm2 causes better cell adhesion of fibroblasts to the laser-modified sample. One included study focused on increasing titanium surface wettability, which also positively influenced cell adhesion. CONCLUSION The studies included in the review proved a positive effect of laser-modified titanium surfaces on fibroblast adhesion. However, the application of an appropriate laser energy dose is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kensy
- Student Scientific Circle of Experimental Dentistry and Biomaterial Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Maciej Dobrzyński
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Wiench
- Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Traugutta sq. 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Laser Laboratory at Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Matys
- Laser Laboratory at Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
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Nisticò SP, Cannarozzo G, Campolmi P, Dragoni F, Moretti S, Patruno C, Bennardo L. Erbium Laser for Skin Surgery: A Single-Center Twenty-Five Years' Experience. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:74. [PMID: 34940286 PMCID: PMC8705569 DOI: 10.3390/medicines8120074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
(1) Introduction: The Erbium laser is a very versatile laser system used in dermatology. Its ability to be almost selectively absorbed by water makes it a perfect device for managing various cutaneous skin conditions. (2) Methods: In this paper, we report our twenty-five years' experience with the Erbium laser. More than three thousand patients were treated for common skin disorders such as flat warts, seborrheic keratosis, xanthelasmas, and scars. (3) Results: A complete response was observed in 89.6%, without significant side effects. Local anesthesia was used in only a tiny percentage of patients. (4) Conclusions: This study confirms that the Erbium laser is a valuable and flexible procedure for laser surgery with excellent safety and short healing times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Paul Nisticò
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (L.B.)
| | | | - Piero Campolmi
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50120 Florence, Italy; (P.C.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Silvia Moretti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50120 Florence, Italy; (P.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Luigi Bennardo
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (L.B.)
- Unit of Dermatology, Mariano Santo Hospital, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
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Matys J, Grzech-Leśniak K. Dental Aerosol as a Hazard Risk for Dental Workers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5109. [PMID: 33198307 PMCID: PMC7697028 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Standard dental procedures, when using a water coolant and rotary instruments, generate aerosols with a significantly higher number of various dangerous pathogens (viruses, bacteria, and fungi). Reducing the amount of aerosols to a minimum is mandatory, especially during the new coronavirus disease, COVID-19. The study aimed to evaluate the amount of aerosol generated during standard dental procedures such as caries removal (using dental bur on a high and low-speed handpiece and Er:YAG laser), ultrasonic scaling, and tooth polishing (using silicon rubber on low-speed handpiece) combined with various suction systems. The airborne aerosols containing particles in a range of 0.3-10.0 μm were measured using the PC200 laser particle counter (Trotec GmbH, Schwerin, Germany) at three following sites, manikin, operator, and assistant mouth, respectively. The following suction systems were used to remove aerosols: saliva ejector, high volume evacuator, saliva ejector with extraoral vacuum, high volume evacuator with extraoral vacuum, Zirc® evacuator (Mr.Thirsty One-Step®), and two customized high volume evacuators (white and black). The study results showed that caries removal with a high-speed handpiece and saliva ejector generates the highest amount of spray particles at each measured site. The aerosol measurement at the manikin mouth showed the highest particle amount during caries removal with the low and high-speed handpiece. The results for the new high volume evacuator (black) and the Zirc® evacuator showed the lowest increase in aerosol level during caries removal with a high-speed handpiece. The Er:YAG laser used for caries removal produced the lowest aerosol amount at the manikin mouth level compared to conventional dental handpieces. Furthermore, ultrasonic scaling caused a minimal aerosol rise in terms of the caries removal with bur. The Er:YAG laser and the new wider high volume evacuators improved significantly suction efficiency during dental treatment. The use of new suction systems and the Er:YAG laser allows for the improvement of biological safety in the dental office, which is especially crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Matys
- Laser Laboratory, Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory, Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Periodontics School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Efficacy of Local Minocycline Agents in Treating Peri-Implantitis: An Experimental In Vivo Study in Beagle Dogs. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111016. [PMID: 33114168 PMCID: PMC7690844 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local delivery agents (LDA) have the advantage of delivering the antibiotics at high concentrations to the targeted sites. However, the constant flow of gingival crevicular fluids and saliva may restrict their efficacy. Therefore, the drug sustainability and pharmacodynamic properties of any proposed LDA should be evaluated. METHODS Four dental implants were placed unilaterally in the edentulous mandible of six beagle dogs. Peri-implantitis were experimentally induced using silk-ligatures. Each implant was randomly allocated to receive one of the following four treatments: (i) MC (Chitosan-alginate (CA) minocycline), (ii) MP (CA-without minocycline), (iii) PG (Polyacrylate-glycerin minocycline), and (iv) Control (mechanical debridement only). Mechanical therapies and LDAs were administered into the gingival sulcus two times at a 4-week interval. Drug sustainability as well as clinical, radiographical, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses were conducted to evaluate the efficacies of treatments. RESULTS Reduced mean probing depth was observed in all of the test groups after the second delivery. A minimal marginal bone level change was observed during the treatment period (MP (-0.06 ± 0.53 mm) to PG (-0.25 ± 0.42 mm)). The distribution of IHC cell marker analysis of all targeted antibodies ranged from 6.34% to 11.33%. All treatment outcomes between the test groups were comparable. A prolonged retention of LDA was observed from CA microspheres (MC and MP) at both administrations (p < 0.017) and prolonged sustainability of bacteriostatic effect was observed from MC compared to PG after the second administration (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged retention of CA microspheres was observed and the longer bacteriostatic effect was observed from the MC group. Mechanical debridement with adjunct LDA therapy may impede peri-implantitis progression, however, prolonged drug action did not lead to improved treatment outcome.
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Elkharashi A, Grzech-Leśniak K, Deeb JG, Abdulmajeed AA, Bencharit S. Exploring the use of pulsed erbium lasers to retrieve a zirconia crown from a zirconia implant abutment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233536. [PMID: 32479553 PMCID: PMC7263620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Removal of cement-retained implant fixed restorations when needed, can be challenging. Conventional methods of crown removal are time consuming and costly for patients and practitioners. This research explored the use of two different types of pulsed erbium lasers as a non-invasive tool to retrieve cemented zirconia crowns from zirconia implant abutments. Materials and methods Twenty identical zirconia crowns were cemented onto 20 identical zirconia prefabricated abutments using self-adhesive resin cement. The specimens were divided into two groups for laser assisted crown removal; G1 for erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (Er:YAG), and G2 for erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG). For the G1, after the first crown removal, the specimens were re-cemented and removed again using the Er:YAG laser. Times needed to remove the crowns were recorded and analyzed using ANOVA (α = 0.05). The surfaces of the crown and the abutment were further examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. Results The average times of zirconia crown removal from zirconia abutments were 5 min 20 sec and 5 min 15 sec for the Er:YAG laser of first and second experiments (G1), and 5 min 55 sec for the Er,Cr:YSGG laser experiment (G2). No statistical differences were observed among the groups. SEM and EDS examinations of the materials showed no visual surface damaging or material alteration from the two pulsed erbium lasers. Conclusions Both types of pulsed erbium lasers can be viable alternatives for retrieving a zirconia crown from a zirconia implant abutment. Despite operating at different wavelengths, the Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers, perform similarly in removing a zirconia crown from a zirconia implant abutment with similar parameters. There are no visual and elemental composition damages as a result of irradiation with pulsed erbium lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkharashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Janina Golob Deeb
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Aous A. Abdulmajeed
- Department of General Practice, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sompop Bencharit
- Department of General Practice, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sahrmann P, Gilli F, Wiedemeier DB, Attin T, Schmidlin PR, Karygianni L. The Microbiome of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050661. [PMID: 32369987 PMCID: PMC7284896 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically compare microbial profiles of peri-implantitis to those of periodontitis and healthy implants. Therefore, an electronic search in five databases was conducted. For inclusion, studies assessing the microbiome of peri-implantitis in otherwise healthy patients were considered. Literature was assessed for consistent evidence of exclusive or predominant peri-implantitis microbiota. Of 158 potentially eligible articles, data of 64 studies on 3730 samples from peri-implant sites were included in this study. Different assessment methods were described in the studies, namely bacterial culture, PCR-based assessment, hybridization techniques, pyrosequencing, and transcriptomic analyses. After analysis of 13 selected culture-dependent studies, no microbial species were found to be specific for peri-implantitis. After assessment of 28 studies using PCR-based methods and a meta-analysis on 19 studies, a higher prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia (log-odds ratio 4.04 and 2.28, respectively) was detected in peri-implantitis biofilms compared with healthy implants. Actinomyces spp., Porphyromonas spp. and Rothia spp. were found in all five pyrosequencing studies in healthy-, periodontitis-, and peri-implantitis samples. In conclusion, the body of evidence does not show a consistent specific profile. Future studies should focus on the assessment of sites with different diagnosis for the same patient, and investigate the complex host-biofilm interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Sahrmann
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-634-3412
| | - Fabienne Gilli
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Daniel B. Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Lamprini Karygianni
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (F.G.); (T.A.); (P.R.S.); (L.K.)
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