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Hu M, Cao Y, Wu X, Jiang Q, Zhu F. Effect of fence tray matching care on excess adhesive and bracket placement accuracy for orthodontic bonding: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:555. [PMID: 38735948 PMCID: PMC11089685 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04348-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fence tray matching care (FTMC) in bracket bonding by measuring excess adhesive, as well as linear and angular deviations, and by comparing it with the half-wrapped tray (HWT). MATERIALS AND METHODS An intraoral scanner was used to acquire data on the maxillary dental arch of a patient with periodontitis.Furthermore, 20 maxillary dental arch models were 3D printed. Using 3Shape, PlastyCAD software, and 3D printing technology, 10 FTMC (method I) and HWT (method II) were obtained. By preoperative preparation, intraoperative coordination, and postoperative measurement, the brackets were transferred from the trays to the 3D-printed maxillary dental arch models. Additionally, the bracket's excess adhesive as well as linear and angular deviations were measured, and the differences between the two methods were analyzed. RESULTS Excess adhesive was observed in both methods, with FTMC showing less adhesive (P< 0.001), with a statistical difference. Furthermore, HWT's vertical, tip and torque, which was significantly greater than FTMC (P< 0.05), with no statistical difference among other respects. The study data of incisors, canines, and premolars, showed that the premolars had more adhesive residue and were more likely to have linear and angular deviations. CONCLUSIONS The FTMC had higher bracket bonding effect in comparison to HWT, and the adhesive residue, linear and angular deviations are smaller. The fence tray offers an intuitive view of the precise bonding of the bracket, and can remove excess adhesive to prevent white spot lesions via care, providing a different bonding method for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichun Hu
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Yannan Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Xiangbing Wu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Suzhou Stomatological Hospital, Suzhou, 215005, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Fangyong Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214000, China.
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Ma T, Zhang J, Liu X, Sun S, Wu J. Effects of combined modification of sulfonation, oxygen plasma and silane on the bond strength of PEEK to resin. Dent Mater 2024; 40:e1-e11. [PMID: 38365456 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of sulfonation, non-thermal oxygen plasma and silane on the shear bond strength (SBS) of PEEK to resin materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and eighty specimens were randomly divided into four groups: (A) untreated; (B) sulfonation for 60 s; (C) oxygen plasma for 20 min; (D) sulfonation for 60 s and oxygen plasma for 20 min. According to the instructions, 120 samples (N = 30) were coated with silane, adhesive, and resin composites. Each group of bonding specimens was divided into two subgroups (n = 15) to measure immediate and post-aging SBS. The surface morphology and the interface between the samples and adhesive were analyzed through SEM. Physicochemical characteristics of the surface and mechanical properties were determined through XPS, FTIR, light interferometry, contact angle measurement, and three-point bending tests. RESULTS Sulfonation produced a porous layer of approximately 20 µm thickness on the surface, and the oxygen plasma increased the O/C ratio and oxygen-containing groups of the sample surface. After coating with silane, the SBS values of sulfonated PEEK and plasma-treated PEEK increased (9.96 and 10.72 MPa, respectively), and dual-modified PEEK exhibited the highest SBS value (20.99 MPa), which was significantly higher than that of blank group (p > 0.01). After 10,000 thermal cycles, the dual-modified PEEK still displayed a favorable SBS (18.68 MPa). SIGNIFICANCE Sulfonation strengthened the mechanical interlocking between PEEK and the resin while oxygen plasma established a chemical bonding between silane and PEEK. This dual modification of the surface microstructure and chemical state synergistically improved the bond strength of PEEK to resin and resulted in considerable long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Ma
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueye Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuoyao Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junling Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Kumar AA, Jain RK, Aravind TRP. In vivo comparative assessment of bracket bond failure rates of single-component adhesives. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2024; 14:105-111. [PMID: 38827357 PMCID: PMC11141899 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_44_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Single-component adhesives do not require the application of a primer on the enamel surface that has been etched and has been reported to have acceptable shear bond strengths on in vitro evaluation. Aim This split-mouth study aimed to examine and assess the rates of bracket bond failure of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based (Aqualine LC) and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA)-based (Orthofix SPA) single-component adhesives used to bond orthodontic brackets over 6 months. Materials and Methods This in vivo study involved the participation of 50 adult subjects, with 1080 metallic brackets directly bonded to the labial/facial surface in a split-mouth design. After 6 months of treatment, 49 patients with 490 brackets bonded using a HEMA-based adhesive and 490 brackets bonded using a BisGMA-based adhesive were evaluated for bracket bond failures. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were done to compare the results. Results The overall bracket bond failure rate (BFR) with single-component adhesives was 6.02%. Bracket BFRs of HEMA-based and BisGMA-based adhesives were 4.16% and 7.8%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Significant differences in BFRs between maxillary teeth (4.28%) and mandibular teeth (7.75%) were noted (P < 0.05). No significant differences in bond failures between either side or region were noted. Conclusion Bond failures were more in brackets bonded with BisGMA-based adhesive (Orthofix SPA) compared with HEMA-based adhesive (Aqualine LC). Bond failures were less in the maxillary arch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshya A Kumar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar Jain
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T R Prasanna Aravind
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Perković V, Šimunović Aničić M, Lughi V, Pozzan L, Meštrović S, Turco G. Correlation of Shear Bond Strength and Degree of Conversion in Conventional and Self-Adhesive Systems Used in Orthodontic Bonding Procedures. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051252. [PMID: 37238923 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Self-adhesive systems have been proposed for the orthodontic bonding with the intention to reduce the traditional three-component system. (2) Methods: The sample consisted of 32 extracted intact permanent premolars randomly divided into two groups (n = 16). In Group I the metal brackets were bonded with Transbond XT Primer and Transbond XT Paste. In Group II the metal brackets were bonded with GC Ortho connect. The resin was polymerized for 20 s from two directions (mesial and occlusal) using a Bluephase light-curing unit. The shear bond strength (SBS) was measured using a universal testing machine. Immediately after SBS testing, Raman microspectrometry was performed for each sample to calculate the degree of conversion (DC). (3) Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the SBS between the two groups. A significantly higher DC (p < 0.001) value was recorded in Group II, in which the brackets were bonded with GC. Very weak or no correlation (0.01) was recorded between SBS and DC in Group I and moderate positive correlation was recorded in Group II (0.33). (4) Conclusions: No difference was found in SBS between the conventional and two-step systems used in orthodontics. The two-step system demonstrated higher DC compared to the conventional system. There is a very weak or moderate correlation between DC and SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vjera Perković
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marina Šimunović Aničić
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vanni Lughi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Pozzan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34125 Trieste, Italy
| | - Senka Meštrović
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gianluca Turco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34125 Trieste, Italy
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Iglesias A, Flores T, Moyano J, Artés M, Botella N, Gil J, Puigdollers A. Enamel Evaluation after Debonding of Fixed Retention and Polishing Treatment with Three Different Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2403. [PMID: 36984283 PMCID: PMC10058876 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lack of standardization of the retention phase has led to many studies of stability of movements and characteristic of retainers, disregarding the enamel repercussions of fixed retention on this phase. This study aimed to analyze different methods of enamel polishing after detachment of orthodontic retainers. Forty-five healthy premolars were divided into three groups according to the polishing bur after debonding, and four specimens without intervention were used as control. A 0.038 × 0.015 inches gold chain was bonded between the premolars and then removed. The adhesive remnant was removed with three types of burs according to the study groups (Group 1: white stone at high speed; Group 2: high-speed handpiece with a 30-blade tungsten carbide bur; Group 3: low-speed handpiece and a 30-blade tungsten bur). After debonding and polishing, all samples were analyzed with a confocal microscopy on surface roughness parameters: Sa: Arithmetic mean of the height of the surface. Rq: Square mean of the height of the surface and Sz: Maximum surface height. Mechanical tests were carried out to determine the bonding stress of the retention adhered to the teeth using an electromechanical testing machine. The adhesion stress was 8.23 MPa (±0.87). The quality of the refinement of the enamel after debonding is essential in order to preserve its integrity. The use of the 30-blade tungsten carbide bur provides a smooth enamel surface after polishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Iglesias
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Flores
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Moyano
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Artés
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Botella
- Statistic Advisors Service, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreu Puigdollers
- Department of Orthodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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Kavousinejad S, Hosseinzadeh Nik T, Saffar Shahroudi A. Comparison of microleakage and shear bond strength of ribbon and twisted wire retainers bonded on human mandibular incisors with two different types of adhesives with and without primer: An in-vitro study. Int Orthod 2022; 20:100693. [PMID: 36243617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Shear bond strength and microleakage are the success factors of fixed retainers. Recently, primer-free composites were introduced to reduce chair time. The main objectives of this study were to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) and microleakage of GC Ortho ConnectTM Flow (OF) and TransbondTM XT (TXT) with two types of common retainer wires (0.0175-inch twisted wire and 0.028×.0.008-inch ribbon dead soft wire retainers). The secondary objectives of the study were to compare enamel-adhesive interface and wire-adhesive interface microleakages. MATERIALS AND METHODS This in vitro study was conducted on 132 human mandibular incisors (96 for bond strength and 36 for microleakage). The teeth were randomly divided into four groups for use of ribbon and twisted wires with OF and TXT adhesives. The bond strength was measured by a universal testing machine. Microleakage was evaluated by the dye penetration test using 0.05% fuchsine. Data were analysed by two-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05). RESULTS No significant difference was noted in bond strength among the four groups (P>0.05). However, the microleakage of OF was significantly higher than that of TXT at both the enamel-adhesive and wire-adhesive interfaces (P<0.001). The microleakage at the wire-adhesive and enamel-adhesive interface was not significantly different in groups 1 and 4 and was significant in group 2 and 3. CONCLUSION Type of adhesive significantly affected the microleakage, and OF resulted in higher microleakage than TXT at both the enamel-adhesive and wire-adhesive interfaces. Type of wire had no significant effect on microleakage. Although OF showed comparable SBS to TXT, its higher microleakage may compromise its successful long-term clinical service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Kavousinejad
- Department of Orthodontics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Hosseinzadeh Nik
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Saffar Shahroudi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kim H, Yoo KH, Yoon SY, Choi YK, Kim YI. A remineralizing orthodontic etchant that utilizes calcium phosphate ion clusters. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:944869. [PMID: 36118566 PMCID: PMC9473508 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.944869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether a phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution containing calcium phosphate ion clusters (CPICs) could minimize enamel damage during long-term bracket bonding by dissolving the enamel surface and promoting enamel remineralization. The experimental design is as follows: first, three experimental etchants (H3PO4, CPICs-incorporated H3PO4 solution-I, and CPICs-incorporated H3PO4 solution-II) and two bonding resins (conventional orthodontic resin and self-adhesive orthodontic resin) were used in combination to create six groups, respectively. Each of these six groups was then divided into two sub-groups based on the presence or absence of thermocycling (TC). Twenty samples were assigned to each of the 12 groups (independent variables), and thus a total of 240 metal bracket-attached human premolars were used in this experiment. Bracket debonding was performed on each of 20 premolars in 12 groups, and shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) values were measured as dependent variables. Next, the three experimental etchants were applied (independent variables) to each of the three enamel samples, and the remineralization of the enamel surface was investigated as a dependent variable. The enamel surface was observed using electron scanning and atomic force microscopy. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum X-ray spectroscopy, and elemental mapping were performed, and the Knoop microhardness scale was measured. Therefore, the experiment was performed in two steps: SBS and ARI measurements for 12 groups, followed by observation of the enamel surface and microhardness measurements, according to the three types of etchants. As a result of the experiment, first, when the bracket was debonded, SBS did not decrease, and residual adhesive was hardly observed in the C2A group (before TC), C2A, and C1C groups (after TC) (p < 0.001). Second, the experimental etchant containing CPICs achieved remineralization while demineralizing the enamel. This was verified through SEM/EDX, element mapping, XRD, and AFM. Also, the roughness and microhardness of the enamel surface were better in the remineralized surface by the experimental etchant containing CPICs (p < 0.017). The CPICs-incorporated H3PO4 solution reduced ARI while maintaining SBS during bracket debonding, regardless of whether TC was performed or the type of resin. The etchant containing CPICs was also shown to remineralize the enamel and increase its microhardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryeong Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyeon Yoo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seog-Young Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Youn-Kyung Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Youn-Kyung Choi, ; Yong-Il Kim,
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Youn-Kyung Choi, ; Yong-Il Kim,
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Joseph R, Ahmed N, Younus A A, Bhat KRR. Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of a Primer Incorporated Orthodontic Composite Resin: An In-Vitro Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e24088. [PMID: 35573492 PMCID: PMC9098767 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Newer adhesive systems are available eliminating the separate priming step during the bonding procedure thereby reducing the chances of introduction of error during bonding. The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of a primer-incorporated adhesive with that of a self-etching primer system and conventional bonding system. Materials and method Sixty-six extracted human premolars were cleaned, mounted, and randomly divided into three groups. In group A (control), 22 teeth were bonded with stainless steel orthodontic brackets using the conventional bonding system; in group B, 22 teeth were bonded using a self-etching primer system (Transbond Plus SEP, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA) and in group C, 22 teeth were bonded using the new primer-incorporated adhesive system (GC Ortho Connect, GC Orthodontics, Breckerfeld, Germany). After bonding, the teeth were stored in artificial saliva at 37ºC for 24 hours and debonded with a universal testing machine. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also evaluated. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA to compare the shear bond strength values among the three groups and Kruskal Wallis test was used for comparison of ARI scores. Results The SBS values in group A (11.60 ± 2.95 MPa), group B (9.44 ± 4.46 MPa) and group C (12.68 ± 6.25 MPa) were found to be comparable with no statistically significant difference. The ARI scores were also similar among the tested groups with the predominant site of bond failure being the bracket-adhesive interface indicating a safe bond-failure site. Conclusion GC Ortho Connect was found have clinically acceptable shear bond strength values that are comparable with that of self-etching primer and conventional bonding system. Therefore, it can be used effectively for saving the clinician’s chairside time by reduction in the number of steps during bonding without compromising on the bond strength.
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