1
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Berends D, Schwager P, Gehrke K, Vehse M, Agert C. Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO 2 Thin Films. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15251-15258. [PMID: 38585060 PMCID: PMC10993395 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Black titanium dioxide (B-TiO2) is a highly active photoelectrochemical material compared to pure titanium dioxide due to its increased light absorption properties. Recently, we presented the deposition of thin-film B-TiO2 using an asymmetric bipolar reactive magnetron sputter process. The resulting samples exhibit excellent photoelectrochemical properties, which can be fine-tuned by varying the process parameters. In this article, results of morphological, electrical, and photoelectrochemical measurements are discussed to better understand the surprisingly high electrochemical activity of the films. In order to study the influence of the dynamic process on film formation, we use static sputtering with a fixed substrate covering the entire chamber area in front of the two targets. This allows the material composition of the sputtered film to be analyzed depending on its relative position to the targets. The results lead to the conclusion that the asymmetric bipolar sputtering mainly produces two phases, a transparent, nonconductive crystalline phase and a black, conductive amorphous phase. As a consequence, the dynamically sputtered samples are multilayers of these two materials. We discuss that the significantly better electrical and photoelectrochemical properties emerge from the inhomogeneous nature of the laminates, like also found in core-shell nanoparticles of B-TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Berends
- DLR Institute of Networked
Energy Systems, Urban and Residential Technologies, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Schwager
- DLR Institute of Networked
Energy Systems, Urban and Residential Technologies, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kai Gehrke
- DLR Institute of Networked
Energy Systems, Urban and Residential Technologies, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vehse
- DLR Institute of Networked
Energy Systems, Urban and Residential Technologies, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Agert
- DLR Institute of Networked
Energy Systems, Urban and Residential Technologies, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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2
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Tran MN, Moreau M, Addad A, Teurtrie A, Roland T, de Waele V, Dewitte M, Thomas L, Levêque G, Dong C, Simon P, Ben Tayeb K, Mele D, Ordomsky V, Grandidier B. Boosting Gas-Phase TiO 2 Photocatalysis with Weak Electric Field Strengths of Volt/Centimeter. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38501567 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Among semiconductor nanomaterials, titanium dioxide is at the forefront of heterogeneous photocatalysis, but its catalytic activity greatly suffers from the loss of photoexcited charge carriers through deleterious recombination processes. Here, we investigate the impact of an external electric field (EEF) applied to conventional P25 TiO2 nanopowder with or without Au nanoparticles (NPs) to circumvent this issue. The study of two redox reactions in the gas phase, water splitting and toluene degradation, reveals an enhancement of the photocatalytic activity with rather modest electric fields of a few volt/centimeters only. Such an improvement arises from the electric-field-induced quenching of the green emission in anatase, allowing the photoexcited charge carriers to be transferred to the adsorbed reactants instead of pointless radiative recombinations. Applying an EEF across a trap-rich metal oxide material, such as TiO2, which, when impregnated with Au NPs, leads, respectively, to 12- and 6-fold enhancements in the production of hydrogen and the oxidation of toluene for an electric field of 8 V/cm, without any electrolysis, is a simple and elegant strategy to meet higher photocatalytic efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Nghe Tran
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS─Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Junia-ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Myriam Moreau
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIRE-Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ahmed Addad
- CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Adrien Teurtrie
- CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Thomas Roland
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIRE-Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vincent de Waele
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIRE-Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marc Dewitte
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Junia-ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Louis Thomas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Junia-ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gaëtan Levêque
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Junia-ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Chunyang Dong
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS─Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pardis Simon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS─Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Karima Ben Tayeb
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIRE-Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - David Mele
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Junia-ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vitaly Ordomsky
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS─Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Grandidier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Junia-ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
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3
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Gong H, Xing Y, Li J, Liu S. Functionalized Linear Conjugated Polymer/TiO 2 Heterojunctions for Significantly Enhancing Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution. Molecules 2024; 29:1103. [PMID: 38474617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their structural abundance and tunable energy bands. Compared with CP-based materials, the inorganic semiconductor TiO2 has the advantages of low cost, non-toxicity and high photocatalytic hydrogen production (PHP) performance. However, studies on polymeric-inorganic heterojunctions, composed of D-A type CPs and TiO2, for boosting the PHP efficiency are still rare. Herein, an elucidation that the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity can actually be improved by forming polymeric-inorganic heterojunctions TFl@TiO2, TS@TiO2 and TSO2@TiO2, facilely synthesized through efficient in situ direct C-H arylation polymerization, is given. The compatible energy levels between virgin TiO2 and polymeric semiconductors enable the resulting functionalized CP@TiO2 heterojunctions to exhibit a considerable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (HER). Especially, the HER of TSO2@TiO2 heterojunction reaches up to 11,220 μmol g-1 h-1, approximately 5.47 and 1260 times higher than that of pristine TSO2 and TiO2 photocatalysts. The intrinsic merits of a donor-acceptor conjugated polymer and the interfacial interaction between CP and TiO2 account for the excellent PHP activity, facilitating the separation of photo-generated excitons. Considering the outstanding PHP behavior, our work discloses that the coupling of inorganic semiconductors and suitable D-A conjugated CPs would play significant roles in the photocatalysis community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yuqin Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
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4
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Güler Ö, Boyrazlı M, Albayrak MG, Güler SH, Ishihara T, Edalati K. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of TiZrNbHfTaO x High-Entropy Oxide Synthesized by Mechano-Thermal Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:853. [PMID: 38399104 PMCID: PMC10890298 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
One of the most promising solutions to slow down CO2 emissions is the use of photocatalysis to produce hydrogen as a clean fuel. However, the efficiency of the photocatalysts is not at the desired level, and they usually need precious metal co-catalysts for reactions. In this study, to achieve efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production, a high-entropy oxide was synthesized by a mechano-thermal method. The synthesized high-entropy oxide had a bandgap of 2.45 eV, which coincided with both UV and visible light regions. The material could successfully produce hydrogen from water under light, but the main difference to conventional photocatalysts was that the photocatalysis proceeded without a co-catalyst addition. Hydrogen production increased with increasing time, and at the end of the 3 h period, 134.76 µmol/m2 h of hydrogen was produced. These findings not only introduce a new method for producing high-entropy photocatalysts but also confirm the high potential of high-entropy photocatalysts for hydrogen production without the need for precious metal co-catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Güler
- Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, Munzur University, Tunceli 62000, Turkey;
| | - Mustafa Boyrazlı
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Fırat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey; (M.B.); (M.G.A.)
| | - Muhammet Gökhan Albayrak
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Fırat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey; (M.B.); (M.G.A.)
| | - Seval Hale Güler
- Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, Munzur University, Tunceli 62000, Turkey;
| | - Tatsumi Ishihara
- WPI, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Kaveh Edalati
- WPI, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
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5
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Sohn EJ, Jun BM, Nam SN, Park CM, Jang M, Son A, Yoon Y. Photocatalytic boron nitride-based nanomaterials for the removal of selected organic and inorganic contaminants in aqueous solution: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140800. [PMID: 38040264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride (BN) coupled with various conventional and advanced photocatalysts has been demonstrated to exhibit extraordinary activity for photocatalytic degradation because of its unique properties, including a high surface area, constant wide-bandgap semiconducting property, high thermal-oxidation resistance, good hydrogen-adsorption performance, and high chemical/mechanical stability. However, only limited reviews have discussed the application of BN or BN-based nanomaterials as innovative photocatalysts, and it does not cover the recent results and the developments on the application of BN-based nanomaterials for water purification. Herein, we present a complete review of the present findings on the photocatalytic degradation of different contaminants by various BN-based nanomaterials. This review includes the following: (i) the degradation behavior of different BN-based photocatalysts for various contaminants, such as selected dye compounds, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, and inorganics; (ii) the stability/reusability of BN-based photocatalysts; and (iii) brief discussion for research areas/future studies on BN-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Jungmin Sohn
- Water Supply and Sewerage Department, DOHWA Engineering Co., LTD, 438, Samseong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06178, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Moon Jun
- Radwaste Management Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 111 Daedeok-daero 989 Beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Nam Nam
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahjeong Son
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 300 Main Street, SC, 29208, USA.
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6
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Rashid R, Shafiq I, Gilani MRHS, Maaz M, Akhter P, Hussain M, Jeong KE, Kwon EE, Bae S, Park YK. Advancements in TiO 2-based photocatalysis for environmental remediation: Strategies for enhancing visible-light-driven activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140703. [PMID: 37992908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have focused on efficient techniques for degrading hazardous organic pollutants due to their negative impacts on ecological systems, necessitating immediate remediation. Specifically, TiO2-based photocatalysts, a wide-bandgap semiconductor material, have been extensively studied for their application in environmental remediation. However, the extensive band gap energy and speedy reattachment of electron (e-) and hole (h+) pairs in bare TiO2 are considered major disadvantages for photocatalysis. This review extensively focuses on the combination of semiconducting photocatalysts for commercial outcomes to develop efficient heterojunctions with high photocatalytic activity by minimizing the e-/h+ recombination rate. The improved activity of these heterojunctions is due to their greater surface area, rich active sites, narrow band gap, and high light-harvesting tendency. In this context, strategies for increasing visible light activity, including doping with metals and non-metals, surface modifications, morphology control, composite formation, heterojunction formation, bandgap engineering, surface plasmon resonance, and optimizing reaction conditions are discussed. Furthermore, this review critically assesses the latest developments in TiO2 photocatalysts for the efficient decomposition of various organic contaminants from wastewater, such as pharmaceutical waste, dyes, pesticides, aromatic hydrocarbons, and halo compounds. This review implies that doping is an effective, economical, and simple process for TiO2 nanostructures and that a heterogeneous photocatalytic mechanism is an eco-friendly substitute for the removal of various pollutants. This review provides valuable insights for researchers involved in the development of efficient photocatalysts for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhma Rashid
- Institute of Chemical Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Maaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Kwang-Eun Jeong
- Chemical & Process Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), P.O. Box 107, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Bae
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Ali F, Nazir A, Sandhu ZA, Mehmood A, Raza MA, Hamayun M, Al-Sehemi AG. In situ fabrication of lanthanum-doped nickel oxide nanostructures using sol-gel for the degradation of rhodamine B. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4406-4415. [PMID: 38312718 PMCID: PMC10835344 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08311j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale science represents a thriving field of research for environmental applications within materials science. This study focuses on the fabrication of pure and La-doped nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures with varying concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 wt%) of lanthanum using a facile sol-gel technique. This study explores the structural, morphological, chemical composition, and optical characteristics of the resulting pure and La-doped NiO nanostructures. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used for material analysis. The observed trend in the energy band gap (Eg) values demonstrates a continuous decrease up to a La-doping concentration of 3 wt% in NiO. However, after this concentration (at 4.0 wt%), there is a noticeable increase in the energy band gap. At lower La-doping concentrations (up to 3 wt%), the incorporation of La ions into the NiO lattice may result in the formation of defects and oxygen vacancies. The presence of these imperfections may lead to new energy levels into the band gap, resulting in partial filling and a subsequent reduction in the band gap. Beyond a specific doping concentration (e.g., 3 wt%), excess La atoms may aggregate or cluster inside the NiO lattice. This agglomeration may cause structural distortions, strain, and disturbances in the crystal lattice, resulting in an increase in the band gap. The 3 wt% La-doped NiO sample demonstrated a notable 84% degradation efficiency of the synthesized nanomaterials coupled with its inherent stability, highlighting its dual attributes of effective pollutant removal and sustained performance. Furthermore, the cyclic stability of the optimized nanostructure is anticipated to be ∼77.42% after six cycles, suggesting promising future applications in photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furqan Ali
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Sialkot Sialkot 51310 Pakistan
| | - Asma Nazir
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Sialkot Sialkot 51310 Pakistan
| | - Zeshan Ali Sandhu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Arslan Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
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8
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Omotosho KD, Gurung V, Banerjee P, Shevchenko EV, Berman D. Self-Cleaning Highly Porous TiO 2 Coating Designed by Swelling-Assisted Sequential Infiltration Synthesis (SIS) of a Block Copolymer Template. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 38337197 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic self-cleaning coatings with a high surface area are important for a wide range of applications, including optical coatings, solar panels, mirrors, etc. Here, we designed a highly porous TiO2 coating with photoinduced self-cleaning characteristics and very high hydrophilicity. This was achieved using the swelling-assisted sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) of a block copolymer (BCP) template, which was followed by polymer removal via oxidative thermal annealing. The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was employed to optimize the infiltration process by estimating the mass of material infiltrated into the polymer template as a function of the number of SIS cycles. This adopted swelling-assisted SIS approach resulted in a smooth uniform TiO2 film with an interconnected network of pores. The synthesized film exhibited good crystallinity in the anatase phase. The resulting nanoporous TiO2 coatings were tested for their functional characteristics. Exposure to UV irradiation for 1 h induced an improvement in the hydrophilicity of coatings with wetting angle reducing to unmeasurable values upon contact with water droplets. Furthermore, their self-cleaning characteristics were tested by measuring the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The synthesized porous TiO2 nanostructures displayed promising photocatalytic activity, demonstrating the degradation of approximately 92% of MB after 180 min under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Thus, the level of performance was comparable to the photoactivity of commercial anatase TiO2 nanoparticles of the same quantity. Our results highlight a new robust approach for designing hydrophilic self-cleaning coatings with controlled porosity and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil D Omotosho
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Vasanta Gurung
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Progna Banerjee
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Elena V Shevchenko
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Diana Berman
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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9
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Pięta Ł, Kisielewska A, Piwoński I, Malek K. Modulation of photo-induced Raman enhancement in Ag nanoparticles deposited on nanometer-thick TiO 2 films. An interplay between plasmonic properties and irradiation energy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123537. [PMID: 37879266 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Photo-induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PIERS) is an innovative technology that offers additional enhancement in Raman signal compared to surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this study, we fabricated nanohybrids consisting of silver nanoparticles on an ultra-thin anatase film using a photoreduction method. This approach allowed for the controllable synthesis of SERS and PIERS nanoplatforms, characterized by oval-shaped nanoparticles, yet varying in size and surface coverage, leading to distinct plasmonic properties. A mere 15-minute UV pre-treatment with low photon density already initiated significant charge-transfer processes followed by Raman spectra under non-resonant conditions of the molecule and estimated by enhancement factor in the range of 12---17. This phenomenon was observed for a molecular monolayer of a thiol derivative. Not only boosting electron migration appeared. This unique interface of the Ag-anatase composite undoubtedly contributed to extended relaxation times of photo-induced enhancement. Furthermore, we investigated how plasmonic and morphological features of the nanoplatforms, in conjunction with UV and Vis illumination, modulated the migration of photoinduced electrons from the semiconductor to the metal. These findings highlighted the variety of processes contributing to the creation of efficient PIERS materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Pięta
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow 30-387, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, prof. S. Lojasiewicza 11 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Kisielewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Piwoński
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, Lodz 90-236, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Krakow 30-387, Poland.
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10
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Khan I, Marfoua B, Hong J. Optical transparency in 2D ferromagnetic WSe 2/1T-VSe 2/WSe 2multilayer with strain induced large anomalous Nernst conductivity. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:125704. [PMID: 38055964 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad12e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Transparent two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials may bring intriguing features and are indispensable for transparent electronics. However, it is rare to find both optical transparency and room-temperature ferromagnetism simultaneously in a single 2D material. Herein, we explore the possibility of both these features in 2D WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2heterostructures by taking one monolayer (1ML) and two monolayers (2ML) of 1T-VSe2using first-principles calculations. Further, we investigate anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and anomalous Nernst conductivity (ANC) using a maximally localized Wannier function. The WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2systems show Curie temperatures of 328 and 405 K. Under biaxial compressive strain, the magnetic anisotropy of both systems is switched from in-plane to out-of-plane. We find a large AHC of 1.51 e2/h and 3.10 e2/h in the electron-doped region for strained WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2systems. Furthermore, we obtain a giant ANC of 3.94 AK-1m-1in a hole-doped strained WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2system at 100 K. Both WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2are optically transparent in the visible ranges with large refractive indices of 3.2-3.4. Our results may suggest that the WSe2/1T-VSe2/WSe2structure possesses multifunctional physical properties and these features can be utilized for spintronics and optoelectronics device applications such as magnetic sensors, memory devices, and transparent magneto-optic devices at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Brahim Marfoua
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisang Hong
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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11
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Tinoco Navarro LK, Jaroslav C. Enhancing Photocatalytic Properties of TiO 2 Photocatalyst and Heterojunctions: A Comprehensive Review of the Impact of Biphasic Systems in Aerogels and Xerogels Synthesis, Methods, and Mechanisms for Environmental Applications. Gels 2023; 9:976. [PMID: 38131962 PMCID: PMC10742597 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a detailed exploration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts, emphasizing structural phases, heterophase junctions, and their impact on efficiency. Key points include diverse synthesis methods, with a focus on the sol-gel route and variants like low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis (LTHT). The review delves into the influence of acid-base donors on gelation, dissects crucial drying techniques for TiO2 aerogel or xerogel catalysts, and meticulously examines mechanisms underlying photocatalytic activity. It highlights the role of physicochemical properties in charge diffusion, carrier recombination, and the impact of scavengers in photo-oxidation/reduction. Additionally, TiO2 doping techniques and heterostructures and their potential for enhancing efficiency are briefly discussed, all within the context of environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Katherine Tinoco Navarro
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Cihlar Jaroslav
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Kutorglo EM, Schwarze M, Nguyen AD, Tameu SD, Huseyinova S, Tasbihi M, Görke O, Primbs M, Šoóš M, Schomäcker R. Efficient full solar spectrum-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production on low bandgap TiO 2/conjugated polymer nanostructures. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24038-24052. [PMID: 37577094 PMCID: PMC10414019 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04049f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of photocatalysts that can utilize the entire solar spectrum is crucial to achieving efficient solar energy conversion. The utility of the benchmark photocatalyst, TiO2, is limited only to the UV region due to its large bandgap. Extending the light harvesting properties across the entire spectrum is paramount to enhancing solar photocatalytic performance. In this work, we developed low bandgap TiO2/conjugated polymer nanostructures which exhibit full spectrum activity for efficient H2 production. The highly mesoporous structure of the nanostructures together with the photosensitizing properties of the conjugated polymer enabled efficient solar light activity. The mesoporous TiO2 nanostructures calcined at 550 °C exhibited a defect-free anatase crystalline phase with traces of brookite and high surface area, resulting in the best performance in hydrogen production (5.34 mmol g-1 h-1) under sunlight simulation. This value is higher not only in comparison to other TiO2-based catalysts but also to other semiconductor materials reported in the literature. Thus, this work provides an effective strategy for the construction of full spectrum active nanostructured catalysts for enhanced solar photocatalytic hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Mawunya Kutorglo
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
- Bioengineering and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Prague 166 28 Czech Republic
| | - Michael Schwarze
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Anh Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Simon Djoko Tameu
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Shahana Huseyinova
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Department of Chemistry Avenida do Mestre Mateo 25 Santiago de Compostela 15706 Spain
| | - Minoo Tasbihi
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Oliver Görke
- Department of Ceramic Materials, Faculty III: Process Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Matthias Primbs
- The Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis, and Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technische Universität Berlin Berlin 10623 Germany
| | - Miroslav Šoóš
- Bioengineering and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Prague 166 28 Czech Republic
| | - Reinhard Schomäcker
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 124, TC8 Berlin 10623 Germany
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13
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Li Z, Li W, Zhai L, Chen C, Zhang J, Wang Z. Oxygen defects and S-scheme heterojunctions synergistically promote the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity and stability of WO 2.72/Zn 0.5Cd 0.5S-DETA nanocomposites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 646:834-843. [PMID: 37230001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The study analyzed the impact of oxygen defects and S-scheme heterojunction on the performance and stability of WO2.72/Zn0.5Cd0.5S-DETA (WO/ZCS) nanocomposites photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. Results showed that ZCS alone under visible light had good photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity (1.762 mmol g-1h-1) and stability (79.5 % activity retention rate after seven cycles, 21 h). The WO3/ZCS nanocomposites with S-scheme heterojunction had better hydrogen evolution activity (2.287 mmol g-1h-1), but poor stability (41.6 % activity retention rate). The WO/ZCS nanocomposites with S-scheme heterojunction and oxygen defects showed excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity (3.94 mmol g-1h-1) and stability (89.7 % activity retention rate). The specific surface area measurement and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy diffuse reflectance spectroscopy indicate that oxygen defects lead to larger specific surface area and improved light absorption, respectively. The charge density difference confirms the existence of the S-scheme heterojunction and the amount of charge transfer, which accelerates the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and enhances the utilization efficiency of light and charge. This study offers a new approach using the synergistic impact of oxygen defects and S-scheme heterojunction to enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, PR China.
| | - Wen Li
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, PR China
| | - Ligong Zhai
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, PR China
| | - Chunxu Chen
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, PR China.
| | - Zhenghua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
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14
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De Santis J, Paolucci V, Stagi L, Carboni D, Malfatti L, Cantalini C, Innocenzi P. Bidimensional SnSe 2-Mesoporous Ordered Titania Heterostructures for Photocatalytically Activated Anti-Fingerprint Optically Transparent Layers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1406. [PMID: 37110990 PMCID: PMC10143690 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The design of functional coatings for touchscreens and haptic interfaces is of paramount importance for smartphones, tablets, and computers. Among the functional properties, the ability to suppress or eliminate fingerprints from specific surfaces is one of the most critical. We produced photoactivated anti-fingerprint coatings by embedding 2D-SnSe2 nanoflakes in ordered mesoporous titania thin films. The SnSe2 nanostructures were produced by solvent-assisted sonication employing 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. The combination of SnSe2 and nanocrystalline anatase titania enables the formation of photoactivated heterostructures with an enhanced ability to remove fingerprints from their surface. These results were achieved through careful design of the heterostructure and controlled processing of the films by liquid phase deposition. The self-assembly process is unaffected by the addition of SnSe2, and the titania mesoporous films keep their three-dimensional pore organization. The coating layers show high optical transparency and a homogeneous distribution of SnSe2 within the matrix. An evaluation of photocatalytic activity was performed by observing the degradation of stearic acid and Rhodamine B layers deposited on the photoactive films as a function of radiation exposure time. FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopies were used for the photodegradation tests. Additionally, infrared imaging was employed to assess the anti-fingerprinting property. The photodegradation process, following pseudo-first-order kinetics, shows a tremendous improvement over bare mesoporous titania films. Furthermore, exposure of the films to sunlight and UV light completely removes the fingerprints, opening the route to several self-cleaning applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica De Santis
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (J.D.S.); (V.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Valentina Paolucci
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (J.D.S.); (V.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Luigi Stagi
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (LMNT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Davide Carboni
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.)
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (LMNT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Luca Malfatti
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.)
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (LMNT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Carlo Cantalini
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (J.D.S.); (V.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Plinio Innocenzi
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.)
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (LMNT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, CR-INSTM, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Predoană L, Petcu G, Preda S, Pandele-Cușu J, Petrescu SV, Băran A, Apostol NG, Costescu RM, Surdu VA, Vasile BŞ, Ianculescu AC. Copper-/Zinc-Doped TiO 2 Nanopowders Synthesized by Microwave-Assisted Sol-Gel Method. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040267. [PMID: 37102879 PMCID: PMC10137937 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Using the microwave-assisted sol-gel method, Zn- and Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with an anatase crystalline structure were prepared. Titanium (IV) butoxide was used as a TiO2 precursor, with parental alcohol as a solvent and ammonia water as a catalyst. Based on the TG/DTA results, the powders were thermally treated at 500 °C. XRD and XRF revealed the presence of a single-phase anatase and dopants in the thermally treated nanoparticles. The surface of the nanoparticles and the oxidation states of the elements were studied using XPS, which confirmed the presence of Ti, O, Zn, and Cu. The photocatalytic activity of the doped TiO2 nanopowders was tested for the degradation of methyl-orange (MO) dye. The results indicate that Cu doping increases the photoactivity of TiO2 in the visible-light range by narrowing the band-gap energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminița Predoană
- Institute of Physical Chemistry "Ilie Murgulescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Petcu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry "Ilie Murgulescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu Preda
- Institute of Physical Chemistry "Ilie Murgulescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jeanina Pandele-Cușu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry "Ilie Murgulescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Viorica Petrescu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry "Ilie Murgulescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Băran
- Institute of Physical Chemistry "Ilie Murgulescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicoleta G Apostol
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomiștilor 405A, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Ruxandra M Costescu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomiștilor 405A, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Vasile-Adrian Surdu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ştefan Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina C Ianculescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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16
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Kanwal S, Khan M, Uzair M, Fatima M, Ammar M, Saman Z, Elsaeedy H, Urram Shahzad M, Mufarreh Elqahtani Z, Alwadai N. A facile green approach to the synthesis of Bi2WO6@V2O5 heterostructure and their photocatalytic activity evaluation under visible light irradiation for RhB dye removal. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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17
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Karawek A, Kittipoom K, Tansuthepverawongse L, Kitjanukit N, Neamsung W, Lertthanaphol N, Chanthara P, Ratchahat S, Phadungbut P, Kim-Lohsoontorn P, Srinives S. The Photocatalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Fuels Using Titanium Dioxide Nanosheets/Graphene Oxide Heterostructure as Photocatalyst. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:320. [PMID: 36678074 PMCID: PMC9860753 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) photoreduction to high-value products is a technique for dealing with CO2 emissions. The method involves the molecular transformation of CO2 to hydrocarbon and alcohol-type chemicals, such as methane and methanol, relying on a photocatalyst, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2). In this research, TiO2 nanosheets (TNS) were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique in the presence of a hydrofluoric acid (HF) soft template. The nanosheets were further composited with graphene oxide and doped with copper oxide in the hydrothermal process to create the copper-TiO2 nanosheets/graphene oxide (CTNSG). The CTNSG exhibited outstanding photoactivity in converting CO2 gas to methane and acetone. The production rate for methane and acetone was 12.09 and 0.75 µmol h-1 gcat-1 at 100% relative humidity, providing a total carbon consumption of 71.70 µmol gcat-1. The photoactivity of CTNSG was attributed to the heterostructure interior of the two two-dimensional nanostructures, the copper-TiO2 nanosheets and graphene oxide. The nanosheets-graphene oxide interfaces served as the n-p heterojunctions in holding active radicals for subsequent reactions. The heterostructure also directed the charge transfer, which promoted electron-hole separation in the photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apisit Karawek
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Kittipad Kittipoom
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Labhassiree Tansuthepverawongse
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nutkamol Kitjanukit
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Wannisa Neamsung
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Napat Lertthanaphol
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Prowpatchara Chanthara
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sakhon Ratchahat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Poomiwat Phadungbut
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Kim-Lohsoontorn
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sira Srinives
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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18
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Pournemati K, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Khataee A. Rational design of TiO2/MnMoO4/MoO3 nanocomposites: Visible-light-promoted photocatalysts for decomposition of tetracycline with tandem n-n heterojunctions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Engelhardt TB, Schmitz‐Stöwe S, Schwarz T, Stöwe K. Investigation of Photocatalyst Composites for Pollutant Degradation in a Microslit Reactor Utilizing High Throughput Screening Techniques. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200180. [PMID: 36385481 PMCID: PMC9668610 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The high-throughput screening investigations on TiO2 based photocatalyst composites presented here have been carried out in a 60-fold parallel photoreactor. Additional catalyst testing was performed in a microslit reactor system with immobilized catalysts. For further enhancing the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 (P25), composites of P25 and, for example, Bi2 O3 , CeO2 , g-C3 N4 , WO3 or ZnO were formulated in different nominal molar ratios. The catalysts' performances were assessed by their conversion of 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) in aqueous solutions, determined by LC-MS. Findings show rapid EE2 conversions in short residence times. The extensive testing of catalysts led to the conclusion that the photocatalytic conversion is rather a function of residence time than a function of the materials utilized. This makes adequate process development seem more important than material development. The novelty of this contribution lies in the unique combination of testing a wide range of composite catalysts in a unique microreactor geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony B. Engelhardt
- Institute of ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Technology ChemnitzStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Sabine Schmitz‐Stöwe
- Institute of ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Technology ChemnitzStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Thomas Schwarz
- Institute of ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Technology ChemnitzStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Klaus Stöwe
- Institute of ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Technology ChemnitzStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
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20
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Song Y, Sun M, Wu H, Zhao W, Wang Q. Temperature Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance with TiO 2-Au-TiO 2 Triple Structure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7766. [PMID: 36363358 PMCID: PMC9653889 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Temperature sensors have been widely applied in daily life and production, but little attention has been paid to the research on temperature sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. Therefore, an SPR temperature sensor with a triple structure of titanium dioxide (TiO2) film, gold (Au) film, and TiO2 nanorods is proposed in this article. By optimizing the thickness and structure of TiO2 film and nanorods and Au film, it is found that the sensitivity of the SPR temperature sensor can achieve 6038.53 nm/RIU and the detection temperature sensitivity is -2.40 nm/°C. According to the results, the sensitivity of the optimized sensor is 77.81% higher than that of the sensor with pure Au film, which is attributed to the TiO2(film)-Au-TiO2(nanorods) structure. Moreover, there is a good linear correlation (greater than 0.99) between temperature and resonance wavelength in the range from 0 °C to 60 °C, which can ensure the detection resolution. The high sensitivity, FOM, and detection resolution indicate that the proposed SPR sensor has a promising application in temperature monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Song
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Meng Sun
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Haoyu Wu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Wanli Zhao
- Science and Technology on Electro-Optical Information Security Control Laboratory, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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21
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Wolde GS, Kuo DH, Abdullah H. Solar-light-driven ternary MgO/TiO 2/g-C 3N 4 heterojunction photocatalyst with surface defects for dinitrobenzene pollutant reduction. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135939. [PMID: 35940421 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Defect engineering and heterojunction are promising strategies to improve the photocatalytic performance of particular catalyst through effective charge carrier separation and transport. Herein, we developed Z-scheme MgO/TiO2/g-C3N4 ternary heterojunction photocatalyst with surface defects and effective charge separation for reduction of recalcitrant dinitrobenzene isomers under simulated solar light irradiation. Mott-Schottky (MS) plot analysis and electron spin resonance (ESR) radical trapping experiment suggested the formation of Z-scheme heterojunction at the interface of TiO2/g-C3N4, which played a crucial role in the electron-hole separation. Incorporating MgO into the structure further enhances charge separation via Ti3+ and oxygen vacancy (OV) defects formation at the TiO2/MgO interface as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. Besides, the surface basicity of MgO enhanced conversion of dinitrobenzene (DNB) isomers through formation of nitrophenylhydroxylamine intermediate which can easily be reduced to phenylenediamines (PDAs). As confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, excellent selectivity for PDAs (95-98%) was achieved in 90 min with ternary MgO/TiO2/g-C3N4 composite compared to the binary MgO/TiO2 and TiO2/g-C3N4. A possible reaction pathway and photocatalytic reduction mechanism were proposed and elucidated. This work demonstrated an effective strategy to reduce recalcitrant dinitrobenzene isomers using efficient, low-cost, and environmental benign photocatalyst with a facile identification of reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Sisay Wolde
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Hau Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Hairus Abdullah
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
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22
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Mbrouk O, Hafez H, Mozia S, Othman AM, Abdel Mottaleb MSA. Stimulated generation of photobiogas by morphologically tuned nanostructured ZnO and ZnO/TiO 2. BMC Chem 2022; 16:74. [PMID: 36192791 PMCID: PMC9531480 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of ethanol in an inert atmosphere on catalysis was explored in a lab-scale experiment. A morphologically tuned nanostructured controlled ZnO and ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal process under the control of several functionally capping agents marking a milestone in photocatalysis. It is possible that this could be modified to produce photobiogas out of organic dye pollution. The photocatalysts were characterized by the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, Scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX), and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the ZnO and ZnO–TiO2 composite nanostructures was evaluated for the photodegradation of the Tartrazine (Tr) dye aqueous solution. Where the composite matrix exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO nanomaterials as a result of the synergistic interaction between ZnO and TiO2 particles. This is mainly due to its higher surface area than pure ZnO. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the tuned nanostructured materials is found to be enhanced by the effect of the capping agent and controlling the morphology. This increase is accompanied by a significant shift in surface shape and band gap energy. According to the findings, the designed morphologies of pure ZnO photocatalyst impacted the formation of photobiogas from the photocatalytic decomposition of ethanol as a model of organic pollutants in wastewater. However, when using composite ZnO/TiO2 photocatalysts, the rate of CH4 formation is significantly lower than when using ZnO photocatalysts alone. This may be attributed to the synergetic effect between ZnO and TiO2 particles which leads to a remarkable reduction in the newly formed band gap energy. This may result in a fast rate of recombination between the photogenerated charge carriers (e− and h+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mbrouk
- Nano-Photochemistry and Its Environmental Applications Laboratory, Environmental Studies and Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City (USC), Sadat City, 23897, Menofia, Egypt.
| | - H Hafez
- Nano-Photochemistry and Its Environmental Applications Laboratory, Environmental Studies and Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City (USC), Sadat City, 23897, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Sylwia Mozia
- Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, ul. Pulaskiego 10, 70-322, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A M Othman
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City (USC), Sadat City, Menofia, Egypt
| | - M S A Abdel Mottaleb
- Nano-Photochemistry and Solar Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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23
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Chakraborty A, Ruzimuradov O, Gupta RK, Cho J, Prakash J. TiO 2 nanoflower photocatalysts: Synthesis, modifications and applications in wastewater treatment for removal of emerging organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113550. [PMID: 35654159 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been considered as one of the most promising photocatalysts nanomaterials and is being used in a variety of fields of energy and environment under sunlight irradiation via photocatalysis. Highly efficient photocatalytic materials require the design of the proper structure with excellent morphology, interfacial structures, optical and surface properties, etc. Which are the key points to realize effective light-harvesting for photocatalytic applications. Hierarchical TiO2 based nanoflower structures (i.e., 3D nanostructures) possess such characteristics and have attracted much attention in recent years. The uniqueness of TiO2 nanoflowers (NFs) with a coarse texture and arranged structures demonstrates higher photocatalytic activity. This review deals with the hydrothermal synthesis of 3D TiO2 NFs and effect of shape/size as well as various key synthesis parameters to improve their optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties. Furthermore, to improve their photocatalytic properties, various strategies such as doping engineering and heterojunction/nanocomposite formation with other functional nanomaterials have been discussed followed by their potential applications in photocatalytic degradation of various emerging pollutants discharged into the wastewater from various sources. Importance of such 3D nanoarchitecutres and future research in other fields of current interest in environments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Olim Ruzimuradov
- Department of Natural and Mathematic Sciences, Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, Malaya Kolsevaya 17, Tashkent, 100095, Uzbekistan
| | - Raju Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Junghyun Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering Program, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, 177005, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Tien TM, Chung YJ, Huang CT, Chen EL. WSSe Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Methylene Blue Removal under Visible-Light Irradiation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5616. [PMID: 36013753 PMCID: PMC9412401 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel tungsten disulfide diselenide (WSSe) nanocomposite by a facile hydrothermal process with great capable photocatalytic efficiency for hydrogen evolution from water and organic compound removal was discussed. The WSSe nanocomposites form heterojunctions in order to inhibit the quick recombination rate of photo-induced electrons and holes. This is considered to be a useful method in order to enhance the capability of photocatalytic hydrogen production. The hydrogen production rate of the WSSe nanocomposites approaches 3647.4 μmol/g/h, which is 12 and 11 folds the rates of the bare WS2 and WSe2, respectively. Moreover, the excellent photocatalytic performance for Methylene blue (MB) removal (88%) was 2.5 and 1.8 times higher than those of the bare WS2 and WSe2, respectively. The great photocatalytic efficiency was owing to the capable electrons and holes separation of WSSe and the construction of the heterostructure, which possessed vigorous photocatalytic oxidation and reduction potentials. The novel one-dimensional structure of the WSSe heterojunction shortens the transport pathway of the photo-induced electrons and holes. It possesses the great capable photocatalytic efficiency of the hydrogen production and organic dye removal. This study offers an insight into the route of interfacial migration and separation for induced charge carriers in order to generate clean hydrogen energy and to solve the issue of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Mo Tien
- Coastal Water and Environment Center, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chung
- Department of Marine Science, Republic of China Naval Academy, Kaohsiung 81300, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Tang Huang
- Coastal Water and Environment Center, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Edward L. Chen
- Coastal Water and Environment Center, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
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Yang SJ, Xu ZY, Zou LY, Yu JC, Ji J, Xu ZK. Porous Photo-Fenton Catalysts Rapidly Triggered by Levodopa-Based Mussel-Inspired Coatings for Enhanced Dye Degradation and Sterilization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9587-9596. [PMID: 35881583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The advanced oxidation process of the photo-Fenton reaction can produce hydroxyl radicals with extremely strong oxidizing properties for the efficient and green degradation of various chemical and microbial pollutants. Herein, we report an approach to fabricating heterogeneous Fenton catalysts of β-FeOOH nanorods on porous substrates triggered by mussel-inspired coatings of levodopa (3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl-l-alanine, l-DOPA) and polyethylenimine (PEI) for efficient photocatalytic dyes' degradation and sterilization. The l-DOPA-based coatings not only promote the formation and immobilization of β-FeOOH nanorods on the porous substrates by strong coordination between catechol/carboxyl groups and Fe3+ but also improve the energy band structure of the Fenton catalysts through a valence band blue shift and band gap narrowing. The photo-Fenton catalysts prepared by the l-DOPA-based coatings exhibit high electron transport efficiency and improved utilization of sunlight. Only 2 h of mineralization is needed to fabricate these catalysts with excellent photocatalytic efficiency, in which the degradation efficiency of methylene blue can reach 99% within 30 min, whereas the sterilization efficiency of E. coli/S. aureus can reach 93%/94% within 20 min of the photo-Fenton reaction. Additionally, the prepared catalysts reveal a high photodegradation performance for various dyes including methylene blue, methyl blue, methyl orange, direct yellow, and rhodamine B. Furthermore, the catalysts retain high dye degradation efficiencies of above 90% after five photodegradation cycles, indicating cycling performance and good stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jin Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ling-Yun Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiong-Chi Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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26
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Li Z, Li Z, Zuo C, Fang X. Application of Nanostructured TiO 2 in UV Photodetectors: A Review. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109083. [PMID: 35061927 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a wide-bandgap semiconductor material, titanium dioxide (TiO2 ), which possesses three crystal polymorphs (i.e., rutile, anatase, and brookite), has gained tremendous attention as a cutting-edge material for application in the environment and energy fields. Based on the strong attractiveness from its advantages such as high stability, excellent photoelectric properties, and low-cost fabrication, the construction of high-performance photodetectors (PDs) based on TiO2 nanostructures is being extensively developed. An elaborate microtopography and device configuration is the most widely used strategy to achieve efficient TiO2 -based PDs with high photoelectric performances; however, a deep understanding of all the key parameters that influence the behavior of photon-generated carriers, is also highly required to achieve improved photoelectric performances, as well as their ultimate functional applications. Herein, an in-depth illustration of the electrical and optical properties of TiO2 nanostructures in addition to the advances in the technological issues such as preparation, microdefects, p-type doping, bandgap engineering, heterojunctions, and functional applications are presented. Finally, a future outlook for TiO2 -based PDs, particularly that of further functional applications is provided. This work will systematically illustrate the fundamentals of TiO2 and shed light on the preparation of more efficient TiO2 nanostructures and heterojunctions for future photoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ziqing Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Chaolei Zuo
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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27
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Construction of Bronze TiO2/Ti3C2 MXene/Ag3PO4 Ternary Composite Photocatalyst toward High Photocatalytic Performance. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12060599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that the formation of composites of titanium dioxide (TiO2) with silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) through the construction of heterojunctions can expand its light absorption range and suppress the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, thereby improving the photocatalytic performance. However, this method offers only limited performance improvements, and the composite photocatalysts are costly due to the expensive Ag3PO4. In this study, Ti3C2 MXene, which has good hydrophilicity and excellent electrical conductivity, is first used to form Schottky junction composites with bronze TiO2 (TiO2(B)) via electrostatic self-assembly. Then, Ag3PO4 quantum dots were further formed on the surface of the TiO2(B)/Ti3C2 MXene by in situ self-growth, and Ag3PO4 formed heterojunctions and Schottky junctions with TiO2(B) and Ti3C2 MXene, respectively. Finally, a ternary composite photocatalyst TiO2(B)/Ti3C2 MXene/Ag3PO4 was jointly constructed by these functional junctions. Under the synergistic effect of these functional junctions, the mobility and fast separation performance of photogenerated electron–hole pairs of the composite photocatalyst were significantly improved, the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs was effectively suppressed, and the light absorption performance was enhanced. As a result, the composite photocatalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performances.
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28
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Broadening the Action Spectrum of TiO2-Based Photocatalysts to Visible Region by Substituting Platinum with Copper. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091584. [PMID: 35564293 PMCID: PMC9105519 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, TiO2-based photocatalysts modified with Pt and Cu/CuOx were synthesized and studied in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The morphology and chemical states of synthesized photocatalysts were studied using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A series of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with maximum intensity in the range of 365–450 nm was used to determine the action spectrum of photocatalysts. It is shown for, the first time, that the pre-calcination of TiO2 at 700 °C and the use of Cu/CuOx instead of Pt allow one to design a highly efficient photocatalyst for CO2 transformation shifting the working range to the visible light (425 nm). Cu/CuOx/TiO2 (calcined at 700 °C) shows a rate of CH4 formation of 1.2 ± 0.1 µmol h−1 g−1 and an overall CO2 reduction rate of 11 ± 1 µmol h−1 g−1 (at 425 nm).
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29
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Zubets U, Zhao B, Park H, Halik M. A universal concept for area‐selective assembly of metal oxide core‐shell nanoparticles, nanorods, and organic molecules via amide coupling reactions. NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Uladzislau Zubets
- Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Baolin Zhao
- Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Hyoungwon Park
- Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Marcus Halik
- Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
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30
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Abstract
Nowadays, water pollution is one of the most dangerous environmental problems in the world. The presence of the so-called emerging pollutants in the different water bodies, impossible to eliminate through conventional biological and physical treatments used in wastewater treatment plants due to their persistent and recalcitrant nature, means that pollution continues growing throughout the world. The presence of these emerging pollutants involves serious risks to human and animal health for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Therefore, in recent years, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been postulated as a viable, innovative and efficient technology for the elimination of these types of compounds from water bodies. The oxidation/reduction reactions triggered in most of these processes require a suitable catalyst. The most recent research focuses on the use and development of different types of heterogeneous catalysts, which are capable of overcoming some of the operational limitations of homogeneous processes such as the generation of metallic sludge, difficult separation of treated water and narrow working pH. This review details the current advances in the field of heterogeneous AOPs, Fenton processes and photocatalysts for the removal of different types of emerging pollutants.
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31
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Hui KC, Ang WL, Yahya WZN, Sambudi NS. Effects of nitrogen/bismuth-doping on the photocatalyst composite of carbon dots/titanium dioxide nanoparticles (CDs/TNP) for enhanced visible light-driven removal of diclofenac. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133377. [PMID: 34952025 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates the coupling of titanium dioxide, TiO2 nanoparticles (TNP) with N-doped, Bi-doped, and N-Bi co-doped rice husk-derived carbon dots (CDs) via a facile dispersion method, forming respective photocatalyst composites of CDs/TNP, N-CDs/TNP, Bi-CDs/TNP and N-Bi-CDs/TNP. Characterization analyzes verified the successful incorporation of respective CDs samples into TNP, forming photocatalyst composite with narrowed band gap and quenched photoluminescence intensity. Photocatalytic activity of TNP and the respective composites was investigated for photodegradation of diclofenac (DCF) under both simulated sunlight and natural sunlight irradiation. The as-prepared N-Bi-CDs/TNP composite showed the best photocatalytic performance among all composites, able to completely degrade 5 ppm of DCF within 60 min and 180 min under both types of visible light irradiation, respectively. The N-Bi-CDs/TNP composite also showed a TOC removal efficiency up to 87.63%. N-Bi-CDs, worked as photosensitizer and electron reservoir, contributed to the outstanding photocatalytic activity of N-Bi-CDs/TNP, whereby the recombination was prolonged and light absorption was shifted towards the visible light region. Furthermore, the composite of N-Bi-CDs/TNP also demonstrated good stability and reusability over repeated degradation cycles. The photodegradation of DCF resulted into several intermediates, which were identified from LC-MS analysis. The present work could provide an insight on the application of heteroatoms doped and co-doped carbon dots in semiconductor oxide as high performance photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khee Chung Hui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Wei Lun Ang
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zaireen Nisa Yahya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia; Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nonni Soraya Sambudi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia; Center for Urban Resource Sustainability (CUReS), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia.
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32
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Lettieri S, Pavone M. TiO 2-Based Nanostructures, Composites and Hybrid Photocatalysts. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041271. [PMID: 35207813 PMCID: PMC8879892 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lettieri
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems “E. Caianiello”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-ISASI), Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cupa Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081676809
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cupa Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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33
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Photocatalytic H2 Production on Au/TiO2: Effect of Au Photodeposition on Different TiO2 Crystalline Phases. J 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/j5010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the role of the crystalline phases of titanium dioxide in the solar photocatalytic H2 production by the reforming of glycerol, focusing the attention on the influence of photodeposited gold, as a metal co-catalyst, on TiO2 surface. We correlated the photocatalytic activity of 1 wt% Au/TiO2 in anatase, rutile, and brookite phases with the structural and optical properties determined by Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and Dynamic Light scattering (DLS). The best results (2.55 mmol H2 gcat−1 h−1) were obtained with anatase and gold photodeposited after 30 min of solar irradiation. The good performance of Au/TiO2 in anatase form and the key importance of the strong interaction between gold and the peculiar crystalline phase of TiO2 can be a starting point to efficiently improve photocatalysts design and experimental conditions, in order to favor a green hydrogen production through solar photocatalysis.
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34
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Xiao T, Chen Y, Liang Y. Visible light responsive metalloporphyrin-sensitized TiO2 nanotube arrays for artificial photosynthesis of methane. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00442e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalyst composed of TiO2 nanotube arrays and a porphyrin (metalloporphyrin) was prepared. The improved photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction is ascribed to the enhanced charge separation and light absorbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxin Xiao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Yuning Liang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
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Pylarinou M, Toumazatou A, Sakellis E, Xenogiannopoulou E, Gardelis S, Boukos N, Dimoulas A, Likodimos V. Visible Light Trapping against Charge Recombination in FeO x-TiO 2 Photonic Crystal Photocatalysts. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7117. [PMID: 34885271 PMCID: PMC8658129 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tailoring metal oxide photocatalysts in the form of heterostructured photonic crystals has spurred particular interest as an advanced route to simultaneously improve harnessing of solar light and charge separation relying on the combined effect of light trapping by macroporous periodic structures and compositional materials' modifications. In this work, surface deposition of FeOx nanoclusters on TiO2 photonic crystals is investigated to explore the interplay of slow-photon amplification, visible light absorption, and charge separation in FeOx-TiO2 photocatalytic films. Photonic bandgap engineered TiO2 inverse opals deposited by the convective evaporation-induced co-assembly method were surface modified by successive chemisorption-calcination cycles using Fe(III) acetylacetonate, which allowed the controlled variation of FeOx loading on the photonic films. Low amounts of FeOx nanoclusters on the TiO2 inverse opals resulted in diameter-selective improvements of photocatalytic performance on salicylic acid degradation and photocurrent density under visible light, surpassing similarly modified P25 films. The observed enhancement was related to the combination of optimal light trapping and charge separation induced by the FeOx-TiO2 interfacial coupling. However, an increase of the FeOx loading resulted in severe performance deterioration, particularly prominent under UV-Vis light, attributed to persistent surface recombination via diverse defect d-states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Pylarinou
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University Campus, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (A.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Alexia Toumazatou
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University Campus, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (A.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Elias Sakellis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece; (E.S.); (E.X.); (N.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Evangelia Xenogiannopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece; (E.S.); (E.X.); (N.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Spiros Gardelis
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University Campus, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (A.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Nikos Boukos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece; (E.S.); (E.X.); (N.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Athanasios Dimoulas
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece; (E.S.); (E.X.); (N.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Vlassis Likodimos
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University Campus, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (A.T.); (S.G.)
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Abstract
Ag–TiO2 nanostructures were prepared by electrospinning, followed by calcination at 400 °C, and their photocatalytic and antibacterial actions were studied. Morphological characterization revealed the presence of one-dimensional uniform Ag–TiO2 nanostructured nanofibers, with a diameter from 65 to 100 nm, depending on the Ag loading, composed of small crystals interconnected with each other. Structural characterization indicated that Ag was successfully integrated as small nanocrystals without affecting much of the TiO2 crystal lattice. Moreover, the presence of nano Ag was found to contribute to reducing the band gap energy, which enables the activation by the absorption of visible light, while, at the same time, it delays the electron–hole recombination. Tests of their photocatalytic activity in methylene blue, amaranth, Congo red and orange II degradation revealed an increase by more than 20% in color removal efficiency at an almost double rate for the case of 0.1% Ag–TiO2 nanofibers with respect to pure TiO2. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration was found as low as 2.5 mg/mL for E. coli and 5 mg/mL against S. aureus for the 5% Ag–TiO2 nanofibers. In general, the Ag–TiO2 nanostructured nanofibers were found to exhibit excellent structure and physical properties and to be suitable for efficient photocatalytic and antibacterial uses. Therefore, these can be suitable for further integration in various important applications.
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Zhang J, Zhao W, Pan J, Tang R. The Sono-Photocatalytic Performance of PAN/g-C 3N 4/CdS Nanofibers Heterojunction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5959. [PMID: 34683550 PMCID: PMC8536965 DOI: 10.3390/ma14205959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/g-C3N4/CdS nanofiber sono-photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by an ordinary electrospining-chemical deposition method. The PAN/g-C3N4/CdS heterojunction nanofibers constructed with the CdS nanoparticles deposited on the PAN/g-C3N4 nanofibers. The g-C3N4/CdS heterojunction increase of light absorption and the construction of heterojunction can depress recombination of charge carrier and PAN nanofibers improve the recyclability successfully. Finally, a highly effective photocatalytic activity was performed by degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in visible light irradiation. Furthermore, an ultrasonic method is introduced into the sono-photocatalytic system to enhance the degradation efficiency of RhB ascribed to the synergistic effect of ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Taizhou Vocational & Technical College, Taizhou 318000, China;
| | - Weijie Zhao
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Taizhou Vocational & Technical College, Taizhou 318000, China;
| | - Jiaqi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Ruimin Tang
- Natural Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, China
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Wang Y, Zhou J, Ma X, Li X, Lang X. Cooperative Photocatalysis with 4-Amino-TEMPO for Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Amines over TiO 2 Nanotubes. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2659-2668. [PMID: 34302305 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Attaching π-conjugated molecules onto TiO2 can form surface complexes that could capture visible light. However, to make these TiO2 surface complexes durable, integrating 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) or its analogues as a redox mediator with photocatalysis is the key to constructing selective chemical transformations. Herein, sodium 6,7-dihydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate (DHNS) was obtained by extending the π-conjugated system of catechol by adding a benzene ring and a substituent sodium sulfonate (-SO3 - Na+ ). The DHNS-TiO2 showed the best photocatalytic activity towards the blue light-induced selective aerobic oxidation of benzylamine. Compared to TEMPO, 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (4-amino-TEMPO) could rise above 70% in conversion of benzylamine over the DHNS-TiO2 photocatalyst. Eventually, a wide range of amines could be selectively oxidized into imines with atmospheric O2 by cooperative photocatalysis of DHNS-TiO2 with 4-amino-TEMPO. Notably, superoxide (O2 •- ) is crucial in coupling the photocatalytic cycle of DHNS-TiO2 and the redox cycle of 4-amino-TEMPO. This work underscores the design of surface ligands for semiconductors and the selection of a redox mediator in visible light photocatalysis for selective chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xia Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xianjun Lang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Di Liberto G, Cipriano LA, Tosoni S, Pacchioni G. Rational Design of Semiconductor Heterojunctions for Photocatalysis. Chemistry 2021; 27:13306-13317. [PMID: 34264526 PMCID: PMC8518984 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Electronic structure calculations provide a useful complement to experimental characterization tools in the atomic-scale design of semiconductor heterojunctions for photocatalysis. The band alignment of the heterojunction is of fundamental importance to achieve an efficient charge carrier separation, so as to reduce electron/hole recombination and improve photoactivity. The accurate prediction of the offsets of valence and conduction bands in the constituent units is thus of key importance but poses several methodological and practical problems. In this Minireview we address some of these problems by considering selected examples of binary and ternary semiconductor heterojunctions and how these are determined at the level of density functional theory (DFT). The atomically precise description of the interface, the consequent charge polarization, the role of quantum confinement, the possibility to use facet engineering to determine a specific band alignment, are among the effects discussed, with particular attention to pros and cons of each one of these aspects. This analysis shows the increasingly important role of accurate electronic structure calculations to drive the design and the preparation of new interfaces with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Liberto
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei MaterialiUniversità di Milano – BicoccaVia R. Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly
| | - Luis A. Cipriano
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei MaterialiUniversità di Milano – BicoccaVia R. Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly
| | - Sergio Tosoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei MaterialiUniversità di Milano – BicoccaVia R. Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei MaterialiUniversità di Milano – BicoccaVia R. Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly
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Abstract
The use of titania-based composite materials in the field of heterogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis has a long and rich history. Hybrid structures combining titania nanoparticles with clay minerals have been extensively investigated for nearly four decades. The attractiveness of clay minerals as components of functional materials stems primarily from their compositional versatility and the possibility of using silicate lamellae as prefabricated building blocks ready to be fitted into the desired nanoconstruction. This review focuses on the evolution over the years of synthetic strategies employed for the manufacturing of titania–clay mineral composites with particular attention to the role of the adopted preparative approach in shaping the physical and chemical characteristics of the materials and enabling, ultimately, tuning of their catalytic and/or photocatalytic performance.
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Mesoporous TiO2 from Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photoluminescence-Based Optical Sensing of Oxygen. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous coordination networks extraordinarily varied in physicochemical characteristics such as porosity, morphologies, and compositions. These peculiarities make MOFs widely exploited in a large array of applications, such as catalysis, chemicals and gas sensing, drug delivery, energy storage, and energy conversion. MOFs can also serve as nanostructured precursors of metal oxides with peculiar characteristics and controlled shapes. In this work, starting from MIL125-(Ti), a 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (BDC)-based MOF with Ti as metallic center, mesoporous TiO2 powders containing both anatase and rutile crystalline phases were produced. A challenging utilization of these porous MOF-derived Ti-based oxides is the optically-based quantitative detection of molecular oxygen (O2) in gaseous and/or aqueous media. In this study, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity changes during O2 exposure of two MOF-derived mixed-phase TiO2 powders were probed by exploiting the opposite response of rutile and anatase in VIS-PL and NIR-PL wavelength intervals. This result highlights promising future possibilities for the realization of MOF-derived doubly-parametric TiO2-based optical sensors.
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Optical Sensing of Molecular Oxygen (O2) via Metal Oxide Photoluminescence: A Comparative Study of TiO2, SnO2 and ZnO. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9070163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study is presented on the photoluminescence (PL) response toward molecular oxygen (O2) in tin dioxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. The findings show that both PL enhancement and PL quenching can be observed on different materials, arguably depending on the spatial localization of the defects responsible for the PL emission in each different oxide. No significant results are evidenced for SnO2 nanoparticles. ZnO with red/orange emission shown an O2-induced PL enhancement, suggesting that the radiative emission involves holes trapped in surface vacancy oxygen centers. While the ZnO results are scientifically interesting, its performances are inferior to the ones shown by TiO2, which exhibits the most interesting response in terms of sensitivity and versatility of the response. In particular, O2 concentrations in the range of few percent and in the range of a few tenths of a part per million are both detectable through the same mixed-phase TiO2 sample, whose rutile phase gives a reversible and fast response to larger (0.4–2%) O2 concentration while its anatase phase is usable for detection in the 25–75 ppm range. The data for rutile TiO2 suggest that its surfaces host deeply trapped electrons at large densities, allowing good sensitivities and, more notably, a relatively unsaturated response at large concentrations. Future work is expected to improve the understanding and modeling of the photophysical framework that lies behind the observations.
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A High-Efficiency TiO 2/ZnO Nano-Film with Surface Oxygen Vacancies for Dye Degradation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123299. [PMID: 34203670 PMCID: PMC8232121 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water is a highly efficient and green approach. However, the low quantum efficiency is an intractable obstacle to lower the photocatalytic efficiency of photocatalysts. Herein, the TiO2/ZnO heterojunction thin films combined with surface oxygen vacancies (OVs) were prepared through magnetron sputtering, which was designed to drive rapid bulk and surface separation of charge carriers. The morphology and structural and compositional properties of films were investigated via different techniques such as SEM, XRD, Raman, AFM, and XPS. It has been found that by controlling the O2/Ar ratio, the surface morphology, thickness, chemical composition, and crystal structure can be regulated, ultimately enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the TiO2/ZnO heterostructures. In addition, the heterojunction thin film showed improved photocatalytic properties compared with the other nano-films when the outer TiO2 layer was prepared at an O2/Ar ratio of 10:35. It degraded 88.0% of Rhodamine B (RhB) in 90 min and 90.8% of RhB in 120 min. This was attributed to the heterojunction interface and surface OVs, which accelerated the separation of electron–hole (e–h) pairs.
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Di J, Yan H, Liu Z, Ding X. Synthesis and Characterization of Anatase TiO 2 Microspheres Self-Assembled by Ultrathin Nanosheets. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112870. [PMID: 34071932 PMCID: PMC8198224 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a novel and simple method for synthesizing the microspheres self-assembled from ultrathin anatase TiO2 nanosheets with a high percentage of (001) facets via the hydrolysis process of the single-reagent (potassium fluorotitanate). We then used optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution confocal laser Raman spectroscopy to characterize the microspheres generated under different conditions. The study found that the size of the anatase TiO2 microspheres synthesized was 0.5–3 μm. As the synthesis time increased, the corroded surface of the microspheres gradually increased, resulting in the gradual disappearance of the edges and corners of the anatase nanosheets. The exposure percentage of the (001) facets of ultrathin anatase nanosheets synthesized for 2 h at 180–200 °C are close to 100%. The microsphere whose surface is completely covered by these anatase nanosheets also has nearly 100% exposed (001) facets. This new anatase nanosheet-based self-assembled microsphere will have great application potential in pollution prevention, environmental protection, and energy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Di
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.D.); (Z.L.)
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Haibo Yan
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Zhuoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.D.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.D.); (Z.L.)
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Due to its characteristics, hydrogen is considered the energy carrier of the future. Its use as a fuel generates reduced pollution, as if burned it almost exclusively produces water vapor. Hydrogen can be produced from numerous sources, both of fossil and renewable origin, and with as many production processes, which can use renewable or non-renewable energy sources. To achieve carbon neutrality, the sources must necessarily be renewable, and the production processes themselves must use renewable energy sources. In this review article the main characteristics of the most used hydrogen production methods are summarized, mainly focusing on renewable feedstocks, furthermore a series of relevant articles published in the last year, are reviewed. The production methods are grouped according to the type of energy they use; and at the end of each section the strengths and limitations of the processes are highlighted. The conclusions compare the main characteristics of the production processes studied and contextualize their possible use.
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Barba-Nieto I, Gómez-Cerezo N, Kubacka A, Fernández-García M. Oxide-based composites: applications in thermo-photocatalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01067k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress on oxide-based thermo-photocatalytic composite systems. Role of plasmonic, defect-related, and thermal effects on the catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barba-Nieto
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Anna Kubacka
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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