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Wang C, Chen W, Xu Y, Fu S, Fu J, Huang X, Xiao J, Liu T, Jiang X. Laminaria japonica Polysaccharides Improves the Growth Performance and Faecal Digestive Enzyme Activity of Weaned Piglets. Vet Sci 2023; 11:11. [PMID: 38250917 PMCID: PMC10821088 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP) supplementation at levels of 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg on the growth performance, faecal digestive enzyme activity, and serum biochemistry and amino acids of weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty weaned piglets (Barkshire × Licha Black, 21 days old, 6.13 ± 0.16 kg) were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates of six piglets in each group based on body weight. Piglets were fed with different levels (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of LJP for a 21-day trial. On day 21, faecal and blood samples were collected from one piglet per pen. The results showed that the supplementation of the 200 and 400 mg/kg LJP significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared to the control group (p = 0.007; p = 0.002), and dietary LJP linearly increased ADG and ADFI (p = 0.002; p < 0.001). In addition, the supplementation of the 200 and 400 mg/kg LJP significantly increased faecal amylase activity (p < 0.001) compared to the control group, and dietary LJP linearly increased faecal amylase and lipase activities (p = 0.001; p = 0.037). Moreover, dietary LJP at 400 mg/kg increased serum histidine content compared to the other groups (p = 0.002), and dietary LJP linearly increased the contents of serum histidine and asparagine in piglets (p < 0.001; p = 0.046). In conclusion, supplementation of 200 and 400 mg/kg LJP could enhance growth performance and faecal digestive enzyme activity and modulate the serum amino acid content of weaned piglets, potentially contributing to the health of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Wang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China; (Y.X.); (S.F.); (J.F.)
| | - Wenning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Yun Xu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China; (Y.X.); (S.F.); (J.F.)
| | - Shaomeng Fu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China; (Y.X.); (S.F.); (J.F.)
| | - Jiamin Fu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China; (Y.X.); (S.F.); (J.F.)
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, Nanchang 330200, China;
| | - Junfeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Aonong Group, Zhangzhou 363000, China;
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA;
| | - Xianren Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
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Navrátilová A, Kovár M, Kopčeková J, Mrázová J, Trakovická A, Požgajová M. Protective effect of Aronia melanocarpa juice against acrylamide-induced cellular toxicity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:139-149. [PMID: 36734814 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2172287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) a widely used industrial chemical is also formed during food processing by the Maillard reaction, which makes its exposure to humans almost unavoidable. In this study, we used Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model organism to investigate AA toxicity (10 or 20 mM concentration) in eukaryotes. In S. pombe, AA delays cell growth causes oxidative stress by enhancement of ROS production and triggers excitement of the antioxidant defence system resulting in the division arrest. Aronia fruit contains a variety of health-promoting substances with considerable antioxidant potential. Therefore, Aronia juice supplementation was tested to evaluate its protective effect against AA-derived perturbations of the organism. Cell treatment with several Aronia juice concentrations ranging from 0 to 2% revealed the best protective effect of 1 or 2% Aronia juice solutions. Both chosen Aronia juice concentrations alleviated AA toxicity through the improvement of the antioxidant cell capacity and metabolic activity by their strong ROS scavenging property. Efficiency of Aronia juice cell protection is dose dependent as the 2% solution led to significantly higher cellular defence compared with 1%. Due to the high similarity of biological processes of S. pombe with higher eukaryotes, the protective effect of Aronia juice against AA toxicity might also apply to higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alica Navrátilová
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Kovár
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jana Kopčeková
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jana Mrázová
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Anna Trakovická
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Požgajová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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Pietropaoli F, Pantalone S, Cichelli A, d'Alessandro N. Acrylamide in widely consumed foods - a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:853-887. [PMID: 35286246 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2046292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) is considered genotoxic, neurotoxic and a 'probable human carcinogen'. It is included in group 2 A of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The formation of AA occurs when starch-based foods are subjected to temperatures higher than 120 °C in an atmosphere with very low water content. The aim of this review is to shed light on the toxicological aspects of AA, showing its regulatory evolution, and describing the most interesting mitigation techniques for each food category involved, with a focus on compliance with EU legislation in the various classes of consumer products of industrial origin in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pietropaoli
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Pantalone
- Department of Engineering and Geology, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelo Cichelli
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola d'Alessandro
- Department of Engineering and Geology, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
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Zhang Y, Xu H, Hu Z, Yang G, Yu X, Chen Q, Zheng L, Yan Z. Eleocharis dulcis corm: phytochemicals, health benefits, processing and food products. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:19-40. [PMID: 34453323 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Eleocharis dulcis, an aquatic plant belonging to Cyperaceae family, is indigenous to Asia, and also occurs in tropical Africa and Australia. The edible corm part of E. dulcis is a commonly consumed aquatic vegetable with a planting area of 44.46 × 103 hm2 in China. This work aims to explore the potential of E. dulcis corm for use as a new food source for sufficient nutrients and health benefits by reviewing its nutrients, phytochemicals, functions, processing and food products. Eleocharis dulcis corm contains starches, dietary fibers, non-starch polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, phenolics, sterols, puchiin, saponins, minerals and vitamins. Among them, phenolics including flavonoids and quinones could be the major bioconstituents that largely contribute to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and hypolipidemic functions. Peel wastes of E. dulcis corm tend to be enriched in phenolics to a much higher extent than the edible pulp. Fresh-cut E. dulcis corm can be consumed as a ready-to-eat food or processed into juice for beverage production, and anti-browning processing is a key to prolonging shelf life. Present food products of E. dulcis corm are centered on various fruit and vegetable beverages, and suffer from single categories and inadequate development. In brief, underutilized E. dulcis corm possesses great potential for use as a new food source for sufficient nutrients and health benefits. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Zhenbiao Hu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Guihong Yang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Qianfeng Chen
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Lixue Zheng
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Lin Z, Luo P, Lin X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Li F, Tan X, Liu H. Effects of a sulfated glycosaminoglycan from Sepia esculenta ink on transcriptional and metabolic profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118715. [PMID: 34823761 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Four fractions of water-extracted Sepia esculenta ink polysaccharides (SIP) were separated by dicthylaminoethy (DEAE) cellulose chromatography. The eluted fraction with the highest yield was characterized as a sulfate-rich glycosaminoglycan named SIP-IV. According to the analysis of laser scattering and refractive index signals, SIP-IV was determined to be 14.4 kDa and spherical molecular conformation in salt solution. SIP-IV is composed of fucose, galactosamine, glucosamine, mannose and glucuronic acid with a molar ratio of 5.1:7.3:3.8:1:4.4, which is obviously different from reported SIPs. SIP-IV promoted yeast proliferation and intercellular antioxidant level. Based on multi-omics strategy, data of transcriptome analysis suggested that growth promotion of SIP-IV on Saccharomyces cerevisiae might be attributed to regulation of Rho protein signal transduction, nuclear autophagy and nitrogen utilization. Combined with the metabolome results, SIP-IV also re-profiled metabolism of amino acids and phospholipids in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lin
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Ping Luo
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yini Chen
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Fangping Li
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xiaohui Tan
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Huazhong Liu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Multi-omics based strategy for toxicity analysis of acrylamide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae model. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 349:109682. [PMID: 34610338 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Although the toxicity of acrylamide (ACR) has been extensively investigated in different experimental models, its perturbations to multiple nodes of the cellular signaling network have not been systematically associated. In this study, changes at different omics layers in ACR exposed Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were monitored using a multi-omics strategy. The results of the analysis highlighted the impairment of oxidative-reductive balance, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and ribosome function in yeast cells. Response to acute ACR damage, glutathione synthesis was upregulated, the process of protein degradation was accelerated, and the autophagy flux was initiated. Meanwhile, yeast upregulates gene expression levels of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism and speeds up the oxidation process of fatty acids to compensate for energy depletion. Importantly, the multi-omics strategy captures features that have rarely been addressed in previous studies on the toxicology of ACR, including blocked de novo nucleotide synthesis, decreased levels of metabolic enzyme cofactors thiamine and D-biotin, increased intracellular concentrations of neurotoxic N-methyl d-aspartic acid and l-glutamic acid, and release of death mediators ceramide. The ACR perturbation network constructed in this work and the discovery of new damage features provide a theoretical basis for subsequent point-to-point toxicological studies.
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Luan F, Zou J, Rao Z, Ji Y, Lei Z, Peng L, Yang Y, He X, Zeng N. Polysaccharides from Laminaria japonica: an insight into the current research on structural features and biological properties. Food Funct 2021; 12:4254-4283. [PMID: 33904556 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00311a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Laminaria japonica, one of the most widespread seafood consumed in China and many other nations, has been traditionally utilized as an effective therapeutically active substance for treating weight loss, phlegm elimination, and detumescence for more than 2000 years. Numerous studies have found that the polysaccharides play an indispensable role in the nutritional and medicinal value of L. japonica. Water extraction and alcohol precipitation method is the most used method. Approximately 56 LJPs were successfully isolated and purified from L. japonica, whereas only few of them were well characterized. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that L. japonica polysaccharides (LJPs) have high-order structural features and multiple biological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-thrombotic, anti-atherosclerosis, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, renoprotective, and immunomodulatory. In addition, the structural characteristics of LJPs are closely related to their biological activity. In this review, the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, biological activities, clinical settings, toxicities, and structure-activity relationships of LJPs are comprehensively summarized. The structural characteristics and biological activities as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of LJPs were also outlined. Furthermore, the clinical settings and structure-activity functions of LJPs were highlighted. Some research perspectives and challenges in the study of LJPs were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, P. R. China.
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Zhang N, Zhou Q, Fan D, Xiao J, Zhao Y, Cheng KW, Wang M. Novel roles of hydrocolloids in foods: Inhibition of toxic maillard reaction products formation and attenuation of their harmful effects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Complex Coronary Instent Chronic Total Occlusion Lesions: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Coronary Stent Lengths. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8815048. [PMID: 33936387 PMCID: PMC8062172 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8815048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative stress and inflammation played the key roles in the development of atherosclerotic coronary plaques. However, the relationships between pro/antioxidant, pro/anti-inflammatory status, and complex coronary instent chronic total occlusion lesions were not clear in the elderly patients with very long stent implantations. We tried to evaluate the roles of pro/antioxidant and pro/anti-inflammatory biomarkers in the diagnosis of complex reocclusion lesions in elderly patients after coronary stenting. We evaluated the expression levels of acrolein (ACR), malondialdehyde (MDA), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in the elderly patients with very long stent implantations and complex reocclusion lesions. Levels of ACR, MDA, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were remarkably increased (P < 0.001), and levels of SOD3, PON-1, eNOS, and SDF-1α were decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in the elderly patients with very long stents and complex reocclusion lesions. The prooxidant and proinflammatory biomarkers were remarkably increased, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biomarkers were decreased significantly in the elderly patients with very long stent implantations and complex reocclusion lesions after coronary stenting. In conclusion, these findings indicated that the imbalance between prooxidant/proinflammatory and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory status was associated with complex reocclusion lesions, suggesting that oxidative stress and inflammation played the key roles in progression of complex reocclusion lesions in the elderly patients with very long stent implantations.
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