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Tjeerdema E, Lee Y, Metry R, Hamdoun A. Semi-automated, high-content imaging of drug transporter knockout sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2024; 342:313-329. [PMID: 38087422 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
A defining feature of sea urchins is their extreme fecundity. Urchins produce millions of transparent, synchronously developing embryos, ideal for spatial and temporal analysis of development. This biological feature has been effectively utilized for ensemble measurement of biochemical changes. However, it has been underutilized in imaging studies, where single embryo measurements are used. Here we present an example of how stable genetics and high content imaging, along with machine learning-based image analysis, can be used to exploit the fecundity and synchrony of sea urchins in imaging-based drug screens. Building upon our recently created sea urchin ABCB1 knockout line, we developed a high-throughput assay to probe the role of this drug transporter in embryos. We used high content imaging to compare accumulation and toxicity of canonical substrates and inhibitors of the transporter, including fluorescent molecules and antimitotic cancer drugs, in homozygous knockout and wildtype embryos. To measure responses from the resulting image data, we used a nested convolutional neural network, which rapidly classified embryos according to fluorescence or cell division. This approach identified sea urchin embryos with 99.8% accuracy and determined two-cell and aberrant embryos with 96.3% and 89.1% accuracy, respectively. The results revealed that ABCB1 knockout embryos accumulated the transporter substrate calcein 3.09 times faster than wildtypes. Similarly, knockouts were 4.71 and 3.07 times more sensitive to the mitotic poisons vinblastine and taxol. This study paves the way for large scale pharmacological screens in the sea urchin embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Tjeerdema
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yoon Lee
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rachel Metry
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Amro Hamdoun
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Marine Organisms as a Prolific Source of Bioactive Depsipeptides. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020120. [PMID: 36827161 PMCID: PMC9966715 DOI: 10.3390/md21020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Depsipeptides, an important group of polypeptides containing residues of hydroxy acids and amino acids linked together by amide and ester bonds, have potential applications in agriculture and medicine. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that marine organisms are prolific sources of depsipeptides, such as marine cyanobacteria, sponges, mollusks, microorganisms and algae. However, these substances have not yet been comprehensively summarized. In order to enrich our knowledge about marine depsipeptides, their biological sources and structural features, as well as bioactivities, are highlighted in this review after an extensive literature search and data analysis.
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Abstract
Covering: 2020This review covers the literature published in 2020 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 757 citations (747 for the period January to December 2020) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1407 in 420 papers for 2020), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. A meta analysis of bioactivity data relating to new MNPs reported over the last five years is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. .,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Enivironment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Cheung CHP, Chow HY, Li C, Blasco P, Chen K, Chen S, Li X. Synthesis of a daptomycin thiolactone analogue via the
MeDbz
‐linker‐based cyclative‐cleavage approach. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hoi Yee Chow
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Pilar Blasco
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Kaichao Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health The City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health The City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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Qiu Z, Wu Y, Lan K, Wang S, Yu H, Wang Y, Wang C, Cao S. Cytotoxic compounds from marine actinomycetes: Sources, Structures and Bioactivity. ACTA MATERIA MEDICA 2022; 1:445-475. [PMID: 36588746 PMCID: PMC9802659 DOI: 10.15212/amm-2022-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Marine actinomycetes produce a substantial number of natural products with cytotoxic activity. The strains of actinomycetes were isolated from different sources like fishes, coral, sponges, seaweeds, mangroves, sediments etc. These cytotoxic compounds can be categorized briefly into four classes: polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides and hybrids, isoprenoids and hybrids, and others, among which majority are polyketides (146). Twenty two out of the 254 compounds showed potent cytotoxicity with IC50 values at ng/mL or nM level. This review highlights the sources, structures and antitumor activity of 254 natural products isolated from marine actinomycetes, which were new when they were reported from 1989 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Yinshuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Kunyan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Shiyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China,Correspondence: (C.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA,Correspondence: (C.W.); (S.C.)
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Hai Y, Wei MY, Wang CY, Gu YC, Shao CL. The intriguing chemistry and biology of sulfur-containing natural products from marine microorganisms (1987-2020). MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:488-518. [PMID: 37073258 PMCID: PMC10077240 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-021-00101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural products derived from marine microorganisms have received great attention as a potential resource of new compound entities for drug discovery. The unique marine environment brings us a large group of sulfur-containing natural products with abundant biological functionality including antitumor, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. We reviewed all the 484 sulfur-containing natural products (non-sulfated) isolated from marine microorganisms, of which 59.9% are thioethers, 29.8% are thiazole/thiazoline-containing compounds and 10.3% are sulfoxides, sulfones, thioesters and many others. A selection of 133 compounds was further discussed on their structure-activity relationships, mechanisms of action, biosynthesis, and druggability. This is the first systematic review on sulfur-containing natural products from marine microorganisms conducted from January 1987, when the first one was reported, to December 2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-021-00101-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237 China
| | - Mei-Yan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237 China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Chang-Lun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237 China
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