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Wang Y, Guo X, Huang C, Shi C, Xiang X. Biomedical potency and mechanisms of marine polysaccharides and oligosaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131007. [PMID: 38508566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Derived from bountiful marine organisms (predominantly algae, fauna, and microorganisms), marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides are intricate macromolecules that play a significant role in the growth and development of marine life. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides as auspicious natural products due to their promising biological attributes. Herein, we provide an overview of recent advances in the miscellaneous biological activities of marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides that encompasses their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-diabetes mellitus, and anticoagulant properties. Furthermore, we furnish a concise summary of the underlying mechanisms governing the behavior of these biological macromolecules. We hope that this review inspires research on marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides in medicinal applications while offering fresh perspectives on their broader facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xueying Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Chunxiao Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Chuanqin Shi
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, China.
| | - Xinxin Xiang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, China.
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Sahu S, Sharma S, Kaur A, Singh G, Khatri M, Arya SK. Algal carbohydrate polymers: Catalytic innovations for sustainable development. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121691. [PMID: 38171696 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Algal polysaccharides, harnessed for their catalytic potential, embody a compelling narrative in sustainable chemistry. This review explores the complex domains of algal carbohydrate-based catalysis, revealing its diverse trajectory. Starting with algal polysaccharide synthesis and characterization methods as catalysts, the investigation includes sophisticated techniques like NMR spectroscopy that provide deep insights into the structural variety of these materials. Algal polysaccharides undergo various preparation and modification techniques to enhance their catalytic activity such as immobilization. Homogeneous catalysis, revealing its significance in practical applications like crafting organic compounds and facilitating chemical transformations. Recent studies showcase how algal-derived catalysts prove to be remarkably versatile, showcasing their ability to customise reactions for specific substances. Heterogeneous catalysis, it highlights the significance of immobilization techniques, playing a central role in ensuring stability and the ability to reuse catalysts. The practical applications of heterogeneous algal catalysts in converting biomass and breaking down contaminants, supported by real-life case studies, emphasize their effectiveness. In sustainable chemistry, algal polysaccharides emerge as compelling catalysts, offering a unique intersection of eco-friendliness, structural diversity, and versatile catalytic properties. Tackling challenges such as dealing with complex structural variations, ensuring the stability of the catalyst, and addressing economic considerations calls for out-of-the-box and inventive solutions. Embracing the circular economy mindset not only assures sustainable catalyst design but also promotes efficient recycling practices. The use of algal carbohydrates in catalysis stands out as a source of optimism, paving the way for a future where chemistry aligns seamlessly with nature, guiding us toward a sustainable, eco-friendly, and thriving tomorrow. This review encapsulates-structural insights, catalytic applications, challenges, and future perspectives-invoking a call for collective commitment to catalyze a sustainable scientific revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Sahu
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anupreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gursharan Singh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Madhu Khatri
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shailendra Kumar Arya
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Cotas J, Lomartire S, Gonçalves AMM, Pereira L. From Ocean to Medicine: Harnessing Seaweed's Potential for Drug Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:797. [PMID: 38255871 PMCID: PMC10815561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweed, a miscellaneous group of marine algae, has long been recognized for its rich nutritional composition and bioactive compounds, being considered nutraceutical ingredient. This revision delves into the promising role of seaweed-derived nutrients as a beneficial resource for drug discovery and innovative product development. Seaweeds are abundant sources of essential vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and unique secondary metabolites, which reveal a wide range of biological activities. These bioactive compounds possess potential therapeutic properties, making them intriguing candidates for drug leads in various medical applications and pharmaceutical drug development. It explores their pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, shedding light on their potential as therapeutic agents. Moreover, the manuscript provides insights into the development of formulation strategies and delivery systems to enhance the bioavailability and stability of seaweed-derived compounds. The manuscript also discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of seaweed-based nutrients into the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Regulatory considerations, sustainability, and scalability of sustainable seaweed sourcing and cultivation methods are addressed, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach in harnessing seaweed's potential. This revision underscores the immense potential of seaweed-derived compounds as a valuable reservoir for drug leads and product development. By bridging the gap between marine biology, pharmacology, and product formulation, this research contributes to the critical advancement of sustainable and innovative solutions in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cotas
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Silvia Lomartire
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (A.M.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (A.M.M.G.)
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Saad MH, Sidkey NM, El-Fakharany EM. Identification and statistical optimization of a novel alginate polymer extracted from newly isolated Synechocystis algini MNE ON864447 with antibacterial activity. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:229. [PMID: 37932753 PMCID: PMC10629183 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02240-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a potential source of promising secondary metabolites with different biological activities, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and anticancer activities. To combat the emergence of antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent requirement for new drugs, and cyanobacteria metabolites can constitute alternative new antibacterial medication. The chemical complexity of their exopolysaccharides indicates that they have the potential to be bioactive molecules with many biological activities. The present study aimed to produce and optimise a novel alginate polymer from a newly isolated cyanobacterium, S. algini MNE ON864447, in addition to its promising antibacterial activity. We successfully isolated a new cyanobacterium strain, S. algini MNE ON864447 from the Nile River, which produces alginate as an extracellular polymeric substance. The isolated cyanobacterial alginate was identified using a set of tests, including FTIR, TLC, HPLC, GC-MS, and 1H NMR. Plackett-Burman statistical design showed that working volume (X1), the incubation period (X2), and inoculum size (X3) are the most significant variables affecting the production of alginate. The highest alginate production (3.57 g/L) was obtained using 4% inoculum size in 400 mL medium/L conical flask after 20 days of the incubation period. The extracted alginate showed potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and Streptococcus mutants (NCTC10449) are the most sensitive tested pathogen for purified cyanobacterial alginate with inhibition zone diameters of 34 ± 0.1 mm at 10 mg/mL of purified alginate while Vibro cholera (NCTC 8021) the lowest sensitive one and showed inhibition zone diameters of 22.5 ± 0.05 mm at the same cyanobacterial alginate concentration. This antibacterial activity is a critical step in the development of antibacterial drugs and presents a new challenge to fight against multi-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabroka H Saad
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research andTechnological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg AL Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Sidkey
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research andTechnological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg AL Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Voycheva C, Slavkova M, Popova T, Tzankova D, Stefanova D, Tzankova V, Ivanova I, Tzankov S, Spassova I, Kovacheva D, Tzankov B. Thermosensitive Hydrogel-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Parenteral Application of Chemotherapeutics. Gels 2023; 9:769. [PMID: 37754450 PMCID: PMC10530711 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels can offer many opportunities for drug delivery strategies. They can be used on their own, or their benefits can be further exploited in combination with other nanocarriers. Intelligent hydrogels that react to changes in the surrounding environment can be utilized as gatekeepers and provide sustained on-demand drug release. In this study, a hybrid nanosystem for temperature- and pH-sensitive delivery was prepared from MCM-41 nanoparticles grafted with a newly synthesized thermosensitive hydrogel (MCM-41/AA-g-PnVCL). The initial particles were chemically modified by the attachment of carboxyl groups. Later, they were grafted with agar (AA) and vinylcaprolactam (VCL) by free radical polymerization. Doxorubicin was applied as a model hydrophilic chemotherapeutic drug. The successful formulation was confirmed by FT-IR and TGA. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis showed small particles with negative zeta potential. Their release behaviour was investigated in vitro in media with different pH and at different temperatures. Under tumour simulating conditions (40 °C and pH 4.0), doxorubicin was almost completely released within 72 h. The biocompatibility of the proposed nanoparticles was demonstrated by in vitro haemolysis assay. These results suggest the possible parenteral application of the newly prepared hydrogel-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for temperature-sensitive and pH-triggered drug delivery at the tumour site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Voycheva
- Department Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (C.V.); (T.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Marta Slavkova
- Department Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (C.V.); (T.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Teodora Popova
- Department Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (C.V.); (T.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Diana Tzankova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Denitsa Stefanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Virginia Tzankova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Ivelina Ivanova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria; (I.I.); (S.T.)
| | - Stanislav Tzankov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria; (I.I.); (S.T.)
| | - Ivanka Spassova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Daniela Kovacheva
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (I.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Borislav Tzankov
- Department Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (C.V.); (T.P.); (B.T.)
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Pereira L, Valado A. Algae-Derived Natural Products in Diabetes and Its Complications-Current Advances and Future Prospects. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1831. [PMID: 37763235 PMCID: PMC10533039 DOI: 10.3390/life13091831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Natural products and their derivatives have emerged as promising candidates for diabetes management due to their diverse compositions and pharmacological effects. Algae, in particular, have garnered attention for their potential as a source of bioactive compounds with anti-diabetic properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of algae-derived natural products for diabetes management, highlighting recent developments and future prospects. It underscores the pivotal role of natural products in diabetes care and delves into the diversity of algae, their bioactive constituents, and underlying mechanisms of efficacy. Noteworthy algal derivatives with substantial potential are briefly elucidated, along with their specific contributions to addressing distinct aspects of diabetes. The challenges and limitations inherent in utilizing algae for therapeutic interventions are examined, accompanied by strategic recommendations for optimizing their effectiveness. By addressing these considerations, this review aims to chart a course for future research in refining algae-based approaches. Leveraging the multifaceted pharmacological activities and chemical components of algae holds significant promise in the pursuit of novel antidiabetic treatments. Through continued research and the fine-tuning of algae-based interventions, the global diabetes burden could be mitigated, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pereira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Valado
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro-SM Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
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