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Hennessey S, González-Gómez R, McCarthy K, Burke CS, Le Houérou C, Sarangi NK, McArdle P, Keyes TE, Cucinotta F, Farràs P. Enhanced Photostability and Photoactivity of Ruthenium Polypyridyl-Based Photocatalysts by Covalently Anchoring Onto Reduced Graphene Oxide. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13872-13882. [PMID: 38559923 PMCID: PMC10976380 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Recentstudies toward finding more efficient ruthenium metalloligands for photocatalysis applications have shown that the derivatives of the linear [Ru(dqp)2]2+ (dqp: 2,6-di(quinolin-8-yl)-pyridine) complexes hold significant promise due to their extended emission lifetime in the μs time scale while retaining comparable redox potential, extinction coefficients, and absorption profile in the visible region to [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy: 2,2'-bipyridine) and [Ru(tpy)2]2+ (tpy: 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) complexes. Nevertheless, its photostability in aqueous solution needs to be improved for its widespread use in photocatalysis. Carbon-based supports have arisen as potential solutions for improving photostability and photocatalytic activity, yet their effect greatly depends on the interaction of the metal complex with the support. Herein, we present a strategy for obtaining Ru-polypyridyl complexes covalently linked to aminated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to generate novel materials with long-term photostability and increased photoactivity. Specifically, the hybrid Ru(dqp)@rGO system has shown excellent photostable behavior during 24 h of continual irradiation, with an enhancement of 10 and 15% of photocatalytic dye degradation in comparison with [Ru(dqp)2]2+ and Ru(tpy)@rGO, respectively, as well as remarkable recyclability. The presented strategy corroborates the potential of [Ru(dqp)2]2+ as an interesting photoactive molecule to produce more advantageous light-active materials by covalent attachment onto carbon-based supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán Hennessey
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Energy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Roberto González-Gómez
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Energy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Kathryn McCarthy
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Energy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Christopher S. Burke
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
- School
of Chemistry and Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
(ABCRF), University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Camille Le Houérou
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Energy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Nirod Kumar Sarangi
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Patrick McArdle
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Energy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Tia E. Keyes
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Fabio Cucinotta
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Pau Farràs
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Energy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
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2
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Kausar A. Carbohydrate polymer derived nanocomposites: design, features and potential for biomedical applications. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2121221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- National Center for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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3
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Zahid M, Saeeda M, Nadeem N, Shakir HMF, El-Saoud WA, Attala OA, Attia KA, Rehan ZA. Carboxylated Graphene Oxide (c-GO) Embedded ThermoPlastic Polyurethane (TPU) Mixed Matrix Membrane with Improved Physicochemical Characteristics. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:144. [PMID: 36837647 PMCID: PMC9962581 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water is an important component of our life. However, the unavailability of fresh water and its contamination are emerging problems. The textile industries are the major suppliers of contamination of water, producing high concentrations of heavy metals and hazardous dyes posing serious health hazards. Several technologies for water purification are available in the market. Among them, the membrane technology is a highly advantageous and facile strategy to remediate wastewater. Herein, the distinguished combination of pore-forming agents, solvent, and nanoparticles has been used to achieve improved functioning of the polymeric composite membranes. To do so, graphene oxide (GO) was fabricated via Hummer's technique and GO functionalization using chloroacetic acid (c-GO) was performed. Thermoplastic polyurathane (TPU) membranes having different concentrations c-GO were made using the phase inversion technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to examine surface morphology, chemical functionalities on membranes surfaces, and crystallinity of membranes, respectively. The temperature-dependent behavior of c-GO composite membranes has been analyzed using DSC technique. The water contact angle measurements were performed for the estimation of hydrophilicity of the c-GO based TPU membrane. The improved water permeability of the composite membrane was observed with increasing the c-GO concentration in polymeric membranes. c-GO was observed as a potential candidate that enhanced membrane physicochemical properties. The proposed membranes can behave as efficient candidates in multiple domains of environmental remediation. Furthermore, the improved dye rejection characteristics of proposed composite membranes suggest that the membranes can be best suited for wastewater treatment as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Saeeda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Nadeem
- Department of Textile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan
| | | | - Waleed A. El-Saoud
- Natural Hazards Research Unit, Department of Environmental and Health Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Attala
- Department of Environmental and Health Research, The Custodian of the Holy Mosques Institute for Hajj and Umrah Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal A. Attia
- Biology Department, Al-Jammoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad Rehan
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan
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4
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Rehan ZA, Zahid M, Kanwal S, Nadeem N, Hafeez A, Jamil A, Zubair Z. Optimization of carboxylated graphene oxide (C-GO) content in polymer matrix: Synthesis, characterization, and application study. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136900. [PMID: 36265713 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylated graphene oxide (C-GO) embedded in polysulfone (PSF) membrane composites were prepared with different wt. % (i.e., 0.2% M - 1, 0.3% M - 2, 0.4% M - 3, and 0.5% M - 4) using non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method and ultrafiltration assembly was applied for the removal of dye effluents. The optimization of C-GO content into polymer matrix was found influencing factor in determining the composite membranes efficiency and application in various research fields. The membranes were characterized in terms of surface morphology (SEM), crystallinity (XRD), and functional groups identification (FTIR). The water permeability of the developed membranes was analyzed, and it is observed that increasing the content of C-GO in PSF membranes imposed a positive impact on permeation performance. M - 3 was found to be a potential candidate among all the membranes with a maximum water flux of about 183 LMH which is considerably higher as compared to the pristine PSF membrane's water flux (i.e., 27 LMH). Moreover, contact angle measurements of membranes were also checked to assess the hydrophilicity of PSF membranes. The results of contact angle also support the water permeability and efficient correlation was observed as contact angle decreases with increasing the content of C-GO. The minimum contact angle with excellent hydrophilicity was shown by the M - 3 membrane and it was found of about ±58.19° and this value is close to the M - 4 membrane having maximum C-GO content. The photocatalytic performance of the M - 3 membrane was checked under UV-254 nm using methylene blue dye and 97% dye removal was achieved within 220 min of reaction time under neutral pH conditions. The M - 3 membrane having C-GO content of 0.4% was found to be the best membrane with high pure water flux (183 LMH) and efficient dye rejection (82%) capability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Nadeem
- Department of Textile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Hafeez
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Jamil
- Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore (New Campus), Pakistan
| | - Zakariya Zubair
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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5
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Ling L, Wu C, Xing F, Memon SA, Sun H. Recycling Nanoarchitectonics of Graphene Oxide from Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer by the Electrochemical Method. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203657. [PMID: 36296845 PMCID: PMC9609354 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an electrochemical method was proposed to recycle nanoarchitectonics of graphene oxide (GO) from carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). In the recycling process, NaCl solution with varied concentrations (3% and 10%) and tap water were used as electrolyte, while the impressed current density varied from 2.67 A/m2 to 20.63 A/m2. The results indicated that in NaCl electrolyte, the obtained nanoarchitectonics of GO contained a large amount of nano-carbon onions (NCO) produced by etching CFRP, while high purity GO was produced when tap water was used as electrolyte. The higher current density improved the production efficiency and resulted in a finer GO particle size. The proposed recycling method of GO is economical and simple to operate. It also provides an alternate approach to handle discarded CFRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shazim Ali Memon
- Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Hongfang Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Correspondence:
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6
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Farooq S, Aziz H, Ali S, Murtaza G, Rizwan M, Saleem MH, Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Riaz MN, Murtaza B. Synthesis of Functionalized Carboxylated Graphene Oxide for the Remediation of Pb and Cr Contaminated Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710610. [PMID: 36078326 PMCID: PMC9518387 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With the growing scarcity of water, the remediation of water polluted with heavy metals is the need of hour. The present research work is aimed to address this problem by adsorbing heavy metals ions (Pb (II) and Cr (VI)) on modified graphene oxide having an excess of carboxylic acid groups. For this, graphene oxide (GO) was modified with chloroacetic acid to produce carboxylated graphene oxide (GO-COOH). The successful synthesis of graphene oxide and its modification has been confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The increase in surface area of graphene oxide after treatment with chloroacetic acid characterized by BET indicated its successful modification. A batch experiment was conducted to optimize the different factors affecting adsorption of both heavy metals on GO-COOH. After functionalization, we achieved maximum adsorption capacities of 588.23 mg g-1 and 370.37 mg g-1 for Pb and Cr, respectively, by GO-COOH which were high compared to the previously reported adsorbents of this kind. The Langmuir model (R2 = 0.998) and Pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999) confirmed the monolayer adsorption of Pb and Cr on GO-COOH and the chemisorption as the dominant process governing adsorption mechanism. The present work shows that the carboxylation of GO can enhance its adsorption capacity efficiently and may be applicable for the treatment of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Humera Aziz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A. Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mian N. Riaz
- 2476 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 778, USA
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vehari-Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
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7
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The Design of Ternary Composite Polyurethane Membranes with an Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation Potential for the Removal of Anionic Dyes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060630. [PMID: 35736337 PMCID: PMC9230618 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is an efficient and an eco-friendly way to eliminate organic pollutants from wastewater and filtration media. The major dilemma coupled with conventional membrane technology in wastewater remediation is fouling. In this study, the photocatalytic degradation potential of novel thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) based NiO on aminated graphene oxide (NH2-GO) nanocomposite membranes was explored. The fabrication of TPU-NiO/NH2-GO membranes was achieved by the phase inversion method and analyzed for their performances. The membranes were effectively characterized in terms of surface morphology, functional group, and crystalline phase identification, using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis, respectively. The prepared materials were investigated in terms of photocatalytic degradation potential against selected pollutants. Approximately 94% dye removal efficiency was observed under optimized conditions (i.e., reaction time = 180 min, pH 3-4, photocatalyst dose = 80 mg/100 mL, and oxidant dose = 10 mM). The optimized membranes possessed effective pure water flux and excellent dye rejection (approximately 94%) under 4 bar pressure. The nickel leaching in the treated wastewater sample was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The obtained data was kinetically analyzed using first- and second-order reaction kinetic models. A first-order kinetic study was suited for the present study. Besides, the proposed membranes provided excellent photocatalytic ability up to six reusability cycles. The combination of TPU and NH2-GO provided effective strength to membranes and the immobilization of NiO nanoparticles improved the photocatalytic behavior.
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8
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Casals-Terré J. Microfluidics and MEMS Technology for Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060586. [PMID: 35736293 PMCID: PMC9231052 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Casals-Terré
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Graphene-Based Functional Hybrid Membranes for Antimicrobial Applications: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12104834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials have shown wide applications in antimicrobial fields due to their accelerated rate of pathogen resistance and good antimicrobial properties. To apply graphene materials in the antimicrobial test, the graphene materials are usually fabricated as two-dimensional (2D) membranes. In addition, to improve the antimicrobial efficiency, graphene membranes are modified with various functional nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, biomolecules, polymers, etc. In this review, we present recent advances in the fabrication, functional tailoring, and antimicrobial applications of graphene-based membranes. To implement this goal, we first introduce the synthesis of graphene materials and then the fabrication of 2D graphene-based membranes with potential techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, vacuum filtration, spin-coating, casting, and layer-by-layer self-assembly. Then, we present the functional tailoring of graphene membranes by adding metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, polymers, biopolymers, metal–organic frameworks, etc., with graphene. Finally, we focus on the antimicrobial mechanisms of graphene membranes, and demonstrate typical studies on the use of graphene membranes for antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal applications. It is expected that this work will help readers to understand the antimicrobial mechanism of various graphene-based membranes and, further, to inspire the design and fabrication of functional graphene membranes/films for biomedical applications.
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10
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Preparation of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nano-Filtration Membranes Modified with Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Textile Dye Removal. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020224. [PMID: 35207145 PMCID: PMC8879563 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity has become one of the most significant problems globally. Membrane technology has gained considerable attention in water treatment technologies. Polymeric nanocomposite membranes are based on several properties, with enhanced water flux, high hydrophilicity and anti-biofouling behavior, improving the membrane performance, flexibility, cost-effectiveness and excellent separation properties. In this study, aminated graphene oxide (NH2-GO)-based PVDF membranes were fabricated using a phase-inversion method for textile dye removal. These fabricated membranes showed the highest water flux at about 170.2 (J/L.h−1.m−2) and 98.2% BSA rejection. Moreover, these membranes removed about 96.6% and 88.5% of methylene blue and methyl orange, respectively. Aminated graphene oxide-based polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes emerge as a good membrane material that enhances the membrane performance.
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11
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Teymourian T, Alavi Moghaddam MR, Kowsari E. Performance of novel GO-Gly/HNTs and GO-GG/HNTs nanocomposites for removal of Pb(II) from water: optimization based on the RSM-CCD model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:9124-9141. [PMID: 34494195 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16297-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, in this study, two novel glycogen-graphene oxide/halloysite nanotubes (GO-Gly/HNTs) and guar gum-graphene oxide/halloysite nanotubes (GO-GG/HNTs) nanocomposites were synthesized as the adsorbents for removal of Pb(II) from water, and the ionic liquid was used in the synthesis as a green solvent. According to the SEM, TEM, EDS, BET, zeta potential, FTIR, and XRD results, GO-Gly/HNTs and GO-GG/HNTs were synthesized successfully. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the experimental conditions. Nanocomposites followed the Langmuir equilibrium model and were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. According to the thermodynamic model, the adsorption process was endothermic. Due to several features, these two novel nanocomposites can be considered the proper candidate for Pb(II) removal from water and wastewater. First, these nanocomposites have good adsorption capacity for Pb(II) removal, which is 219 mg/g for GO-Gly/HNTs and 315 mg/g for GO-GG/HNTs. Moreover, nanocomposites can be recycled with proper adsorption capacity after four repeated cycles. These materials can be used to remove Pb(II) from water in the presence of other contaminants because nanocomposites have selective tendency toward Pb(II) in the presence of other pollutants such as Cd2+, Cu2+, Cr2+, and Co2+. In addition, the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+ improve Pb(II) removal. Finally, possible mechanisms for each nanocomposite were represented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Targol Teymourian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez St, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghaddam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez St, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran.
| | - Elaheh Kowsari
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez St, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
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12
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Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonated Graphene Oxide (SGO) Doped PVDF Nanocomposite Membranes with Improved Anti-Biofouling Performance. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100749. [PMID: 34677515 PMCID: PMC8540047 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of membrane technology for effective performance is qualified due to its low energy consumption, no use of chemicals, high removal capacity and easy accessibility of membrane material. The hydrophobic nature of polymeric membranes limits their applications due to biofouling (assemblage of microorganisms on surface of membrane). Polymeric nanocomposite membranes emerge to alleviate this issue. The current research work was concerned with the fabrication of sulfonated graphene oxide doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane and investigation of its anti-biofouling and anti-bacterial behavior. The membrane was fabricated through phase inversion method, and its structure and morphology were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-rays diffraction (XRD) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Performance of the membrane was evaluated via pure water flux; anti-biofouling behavior was determined through Bovine Serum albumin (BSA) rejection. Our results revealed that the highest water flux was shown by M7 membrane about 308.7 Lm−2h−1/bar having (0.5%) concentration of SGO with improved BSA rejection. Furthermore, these fabricated membranes showed high antibacterial activity, more hydrophilicity and mechanical strength as compared to pristine PVDF membranes. It was concluded that SGO addition within PVDF polymer matrix enhanced the properties and performance of membranes. Therefore, SGO was found to be a promising material for the fabrication of nanocomposite membranes.
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13
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Mrazík L, Kříž P. Porous Medium Equation in Graphene Oxide Membrane: Nonlinear Dependence of Permeability on Pressure Gradient Explained. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090665. [PMID: 34564482 PMCID: PMC8469019 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Membrane performance in gas separation is quantified by its selectivity, determined as a ratio of measured gas permeabilities of given gases at fixed pressure difference. In this manuscript a nonlinear dependence of gas permeability on pressure difference observed in the measurements of gas permeability of graphene oxide membrane on a manometric integral permeameter is reported. We show that after reasoned assumptions and simplifications in the mathematical description of the experiment, only static properties of any proposed governing equation can be studied, in order to analyze the permeation rate for different pressure differences. Porous Medium Equation is proposed as a suitable governing equation for the gas permeation, as it manages to predict a nonlinear behavior which is consistent with the measured data. A coefficient responsible for the nonlinearity, the polytropic exponent, is determined to be gas-specific—implications on selectivity are discussed, alongside possible hints to a deeper physical interpretation of its actual value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Mrazík
- Department of Computing and Control Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Pavel Kříž
- Department of Mathematics, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
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14
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Zahid M, Rashid A, Akram S, Shakir HMF, Rehan ZA, Javed T, Shabbir R, Hessien MM. Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonated Graphene Oxide-Doped Polymeric Membranes with Improved Anti-Biofouling Behavior. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080563. [PMID: 34436326 PMCID: PMC8399323 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) was blended with sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) nanomaterials to endow a nanocomposite membrane for wastewater treatment with improved hydrophilicity and anti-biofouling behavior. The phase inversion method was employed for membrane fabrication using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the solvent. The characteristics of CA-SGO-doped membranes were investigated through thermal analysis, contact angle, SEM, FTIR, and anti-biofouling property. Results indicated that anti-biofouling property and hydrophilicity of CA-SGO nanocomposite membranes were enhanced with addition of hydrophilic SGO nanomaterials in comparison to pristine CA membrane. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful decoration of SGO groups on CA membrane surface while revealing its morphological properties through SEM analysis. Thermal analysis performed using DSC confirmed the increase in thermal stability of CA-SGO membranes with addition of SGO content than pure CA membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Anum Rashid
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
| | - Saba Akram
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
| | - H. M. Fayzan Shakir
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad Rehan
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-3009-844-363
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.J.); (R.S.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Rubab Shabbir
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.J.); (R.S.)
- Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud M. Hessien
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
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