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Konaté FO, Ancia P, Soma F, Bougouma M, Buess-Herman C, Yonli AH, Vitry V. Waste electrical and electronic equipments as urban mines in Burkina Faso: Characterization and release of metal particles. Waste Manag 2022; 139:17-24. [PMID: 34923185 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Like other developing countries, Burkina Faso is one of the preferential destinations for second-hand electrical and electronic equipments (EEE). At the end of their life, these EEEs are classified as waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) including Printed Circuit Boards (PCB). A particle size reduction is realized for the release of metals by shredding and grinding to obtain particles smaller 1.5 mm. A granulometric sorting was realized and nine granulometric portions were obtained. Particles were characterized by optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The experiments confirmed that the fractions contained polymers, glass fibers and metals under the form of single metals or alloys. The release of metal was efficient for particles with a size smaller than 0.71 mm. Three digestion procedures were experimented on four components to assess the impact on metals leaching. Microwave-assisted digestion method was the best procedure, compared to the analysis methods ISO 11466: 1995, and method 3050B, adapted. The characterization by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) of these PCBs exhibited important amounts of precious metals (Ag, Au, Pd) and other metals in greater quantities (Cu, Pb, Ni, Co, etc.), leading to their qualification as "Urban Mines" calling for their recovery. The characterization of metals in each granulometric portion is realized. Precious and others metals were distributed in all granulometric size portions. So granulometric size reduction was not efficient for metal separation and recovery from PCBs and alternative methods should be investigated for selective precious metal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis O Konaté
- Service de Métallurgie, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, 56 Rue de l'Epargne, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés - Ingénieurie Biologie Santé (LaGeP-IBS), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Philippe Ancia
- Service du Génie Minier, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, 56 Rue de l'Epargne, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Fousseni Soma
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux et de l'Environnement (LCME), Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR-ST), Université Norbert ZONGO de Koudougou (U-NZK), BP 376 Koudougou, Burkina Faso; Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and nanomaterials, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 2, CP 255, B-1050 Bruxels, Belgium
| | - Moussa Bougouma
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux et de l'Environnement (LCME), Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR-ST), Université Norbert ZONGO de Koudougou (U-NZK), BP 376 Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Claudine Buess-Herman
- Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and nanomaterials, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 2, CP 255, B-1050 Bruxels, Belgium
| | - Arsène H Yonli
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés - Ingénieurie Biologie Santé (LaGeP-IBS), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Véronique Vitry
- Service de Métallurgie, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, 56 Rue de l'Epargne, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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