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Santonocito D, Delli Carri M, Campisi A, Sposito G, Pellitteri R, Raciti G, Cardullo N, Aquino G, Basilicata MG, Pepe G, Pignatello R, Puglia C. Steroidal Alkaloids from Food Waste of Tomato Processing Inhibit Neuroblastoma Cell Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16915. [PMID: 38069237 PMCID: PMC10706926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there is considerable attention toward the use of food waste from food processing as possible sources of compounds with health properties, such as anticancer activity. An example is tomato processing, which is responsible for generating a remarkable amount of waste (leaves, peel, seeds). Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the potential anticancer property of tomato extracts, in particular "Datterino" tomato (DT) and "Piccadilly" tomato (PT), and to study their phytochemical composition. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) results showed that these extracts are rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, fatty acids, lipids, and terpenes. Furthermore, their potential anticancer activity was evaluated in vitro by MTT assay. In particular, the percentage of cell viability was assessed in olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a particular glial cell type of the olfactory system, and in SH-SY5Y, a neuroblastoma cell line. All extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) did not lead to any significant change in the percentage of cell viability on OECs when compared with the control. Instead, in SH-SY5Y we observed a significant decrease in the percentage of cell viability, confirming their potential anticancer activity; this was more evident for the ethanolic extracts. In conclusion, tomato leaves extracts could be regarded as a valuable source of bioactive compounds, suitable for various applications in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Santonocito
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (R.P.); (C.P.)
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Matteo Delli Carri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Agatina Campisi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (R.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Giovanni Sposito
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (R.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Rosalia Pellitteri
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Raciti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (R.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.G.B.); (G.P.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Rosario Pignatello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (R.P.); (C.P.)
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (R.P.); (C.P.)
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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