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Ossa-López PA, Ramírez-Chaves HE, Álvarez López ME, Castaño Villa GJ, Rivera-Páez FA. Bacterial community of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mammals from Arauca, Colombian Orinoquia. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2024; 24:100943. [PMID: 38778917 PMCID: PMC11109883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of vertebrates and are relevant worldwide due to the number of bacterial and other pathogens they can transmit. To date, the knowledge about the microorganisms that ticks harbor and transmit to their hosts is incipient. In this study, 24 samples of mammals belonging to four taxonomic orders and ticks of the genera Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus from the Orinoco region of Colombia were analyzed to described and compare the bacterial microbiome. Genetic extraction was performed, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR. Libraries were created, and those samples with adequate quality indices were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. Bacterial taxonomic assignment analyses were conducted through Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) and Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). The results correspond to 16 samples that passed the quality filters, with 3218 OTUs (415 families). Although a considerable number of unknown bacteria was found, Enterobacteriaceae, Beijerinckiaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Burkholderiaceae are the most prevalent families, and the presence of the genera Coxiella, Escherichia-Shigella, Enterobacter, which can harbor pathogenic species was confirmed. In individuals of Amblyomma mixtum found actively feeding on Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, bacteria of the genera Escherichia-Shigella and Enterobacter were documented. Similarly, Rhipicephalus microplus found actively feeding on Odocoileus virginianus cariacou shared Escherichia-Shigella. Ralstonia was shared among the blood samples of H. hydrochaeris, while Anaplasma and Eubacterium were shared in blood and liver samples of O. v. cariacou. Shared bacteria between A. mixtum and R. microplus included Bacillus, Coxiella, and Escherichia-Shigella. The results highlight the need of additional studies in other natural regions of Colombia and other American countries where tick-borne diseases have been detected. Likewise, the recorded data are the first at the level of bacterial communities in ticks of the family Ixodidae and provide valuable knowledge for the understanding host-tick and pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A. Ossa-López
- Doctorado en Ciencias, Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Héctor E. Ramírez-Chaves
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
- Centro de Museos, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 58 No. 21-50, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - María Elena Álvarez López
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Jaime Castaño Villa
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Desarrollo Rural y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Fredy A. Rivera-Páez
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
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Wang H, Zhan J, Jia H, Jiang H, Pan Y, Zhong X, Zhao S, Huo J. Relationship between Rumen Microbial Differences and Phenotype Traits among Hu Sheep and Crossbred Offspring Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1509. [PMID: 38791726 PMCID: PMC11117386 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three-way hybrid sheep and Hu sheep on serum indicators, rumen fermentation, rumen enzyme activity, and microorganisms in sheep. Healthy and similar birth weights from three groups (Hu, n = 11; Charolais × Australian White × Hu, CAH, n = 11; Charolais × Dorper × Hu, CDH, n = 11) were selected to be fed by the ewes until 45 days of age. Subsequently, they were weaned intensively and underwent short-term fattening for 3 months along with selected male lambs fed intensively. During this period, they were fed and watered ad libitum. Blood and rumen fluid were collected and analyzed for serum indicators and rumen fluid microorganisms, enzyme activity, and VFA, respectively, at the end of the fattening period. Compared with Hu lamb, the offspring of the three-way hybrid lamb showed significant improvements in body weight, serum lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine content. However, there was no significant effect on serum immunity and antioxidant indices. In addition, the rumen fluid volatile fatty acid (VFA) molar concentration and microcrystalline cellulose and lipase content were significantly lower in the three-way hybrid lamb compared to Hu lamb, but β-glucosidase, amylase, pepsin, and VFA molar ratio were not significantly affected. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing diversity analysis revealed that three-way hybrid lamb significantly increased rumen microbial ACE and Chao1 indices compared to Hu lamb. Meanwhile, the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and Synergistota significantly increased at the phylum level. Correlation analysis showed that Prevotella had the highest proportion, while Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group correlated most closely with others genus. The microbial communities isovaleric acid molar concentration and proportion were strongly correlated. In addition, there were significant differences in correlations between microbial communities and isobutyric acid, butyric acid and valeric acid content, and their molar proportion, but they were not significantly correlated with digestive enzymes. From the functional enrichment analysis, it was found that hybrid progeny were mainly enriched in the pyruvate metabolism, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, carbon metabolism, and quorum sensing pathways. In contrast, the Hu sheep were primarily enriched in the cysteine and methionine, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolite pathways. These results suggest that hybridization can play a role in regulating organismal metabolism and improve animal production performance by influencing the structure and characteristics of microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jinshun Zhan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Haobin Jia
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Haoyun Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yue Pan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Junhong Huo
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China; (J.Z.); (H.J.); (H.J.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
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Liu S, Zheng N, Wang J, Zhao S. Relationships among bacterial cell size, diversity, and taxonomy in rumen. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1376994. [PMID: 38628864 PMCID: PMC11018980 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1376994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The rumen microbial community plays a crucial role in the digestion and metabolic processes of ruminants. Although sequencing-based studies have helped reveal the diversity and functions of bacteria in the rumen, their physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as their dynamic regulation along the digestion process in the rumen, remain poorly understood. Addressing these gaps requires pure culture studies to demystify the intricate mechanisms at play. Bacteria exhibit morphological differentiation associated with different species. Based on the difference in size or shape of microorganisms, size fractionation by filters with various pore sizes can be used to separate them. Methods In this study, we used polyvinylidene difluoride filters with pore sizes of 300, 120, 80, 40, 20, 8, 6, 2.1, and 0.6 μm. Bacterial suspensions were successively passed through these filters for the analysis of microbial population distribution using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Results We found that bacteria from the different pore sizes were clustered into four branches (> 120 μm, 40-120 μm, 6-20 μm, 20-40 μm, and < 0.6 μm), indicating that size fractionation had effects on enriching specific groups but could not effectively separate dominant groups by cell size alone. The species of unclassified Flavobacterium, unclassified Chryseobacterium, unclassified Delftia, Methylotenera mobilis, unclassified Caulobacteraceae, unclassified Oligella, unclassified Sphingomonas, unclassified Stenotrophomonas, unclassified Shuttleworthia, unclassified Sutterella, unclassified Alphaproteobacteria, and unclassified SR1 can be efficiently enriched or separated by size fractionation. Discussion In this study, we investigated the diversity of sorted bacteria populations in the rumen for preliminary investigations of the relationship between the size and classification of rumen bacteria that have the potential to improve our ability to isolate and culture bacteria from the rumen in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jiang B, Qin C, Xu Y, Song X, Fu Y, Li R, Liu Q, Shi D. Multi-omics reveals the mechanism of rumen microbiome and its metabolome together with host metabolome participating in the regulation of milk production traits in dairy buffaloes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1301292. [PMID: 38525073 PMCID: PMC10959287 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1301292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been discovered that certain dairy buffaloes can produce higher milk yield and milk fat yield under the same feeding management conditions, which is a potential new trait. It is unknown to what extent, the rumen microbiome and its metabolites, as well as the host metabolism, contribute to milk yield and milk fat yield. Therefore, we will analyze the rumen microbiome and host-level potential regulatory mechanisms on milk yield and milk fat yield through rumen metagenomics, rumen metabolomics, and serum metabolomics experiments. Microbial metagenomics analysis revealed a significantly higher abundance of several species in the rumen of high-yield dairy buffaloes, which mainly belonged to genera, such as Prevotella, Butyrivibrio, Barnesiella, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, and Bacteroides. These species contribute to the degradation of diets and improve functions related to fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the rumen of high-yield dairy buffaloes exhibited a lower abundance of methanogenic bacteria and functions, which may produce less methane. Rumen metabolome analysis showed that high-yield dairy buffaloes had significantly higher concentrations of metabolites, including lipids, carbohydrates, and organic acids, as well as volatile fatty acids (VFAs), such as acetic acid and butyric acid. Meanwhile, several Prevotella, Butyrivibrio, Barnesiella, and Bacteroides species were significantly positively correlated with these metabolites. Serum metabolome analysis showed that high-yield dairy buffaloes had significantly higher concentrations of metabolites, mainly lipids and organic acids. Meanwhile, several Prevotella, Bacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, and Butyrivibrio species were significantly positively correlated with these metabolites. The combined analysis showed that several species were present, including Prevotella.sp.CAG1031, Prevotella.sp.HUN102, Prevotella.sp.KHD1, Prevotella.phocaeensis, Butyrivibrio.sp.AE3009, Barnesiella.sp.An22, Bacteroides.sp.CAG927, and Bacteroidales.bacterium.52-46, which may play a crucial role in rumen and host lipid metabolism, contributing to milk yield and milk fat yield. The "omics-explainability" analysis revealed that the rumen microbial composition, functions, metabolites, and serum metabolites contributed 34.04, 47.13, 39.09, and 50.14%, respectively, to milk yield and milk fat yield. These findings demonstrate how the rumen microbiota and host jointly affect milk production traits in dairy buffaloes. This information is essential for developing targeted feeding management strategies to improve the quality and yield of buffalo milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxing Jiang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yixue Xu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinhui Song
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiheng Fu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ruijia Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Yang D, Shen J, Tang C, Lu Z, Lu F, Bie X, Meng F, Zhao H. Prevention of high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice by soluble dietary fiber from fermented and unfermented millet bran. Food Res Int 2024; 179:113974. [PMID: 38342528 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Obesity-related diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension pose many risks to human health. Thus, mice on a high-fat diet were gavaged with millet bran (unfermented/fermented) soluble dietary fiber (RSDF/FSDF, 500 mg·kg-1) for 10 weeks in current research, and then evaluated the various biological indicators. These findings revealed that RSDF and FSDF supplements could prevent fat synthesis by inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c gene expression. The RSDF supplements can also accelerate fat catabolism through enhanced the mRNA expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. FSDF supplements can prevent obesity by decreasing 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase expression and increasing cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression. Moreover, FSDF also controls obesity development by lowering total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and bile acid levels in the liver. Notably, FSDF supplements can promote Bacteroides and Prevotella propagation; excretive propionic acid binds to free fatty acid receptor 2/3 and then stimulates intestinal epithelial cells to generate glucagon-like-peptide-1 and peptide YY, which can reduce food and energy intake and ultimately prevent obesity. All evidence suggests that FSDF supplements play a crucial role in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fanqiang Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haizhen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Kim M, Park T, Park C, Baek YC, Cho A, Lee HG, Kim E, Bok EY, Jung YH, Hur TY, Do YJ. Impact of rumen cannulation surgery on rumen microbiota composition in Hanwoo steers. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:353-365. [PMID: 38628677 PMCID: PMC11016741 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2024.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Rumen cannulation is a surgical technique used to collect rumen contents from ruminants. However, rumen cannulation surgery may potentially impact the composition of the rumen microbiota. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal alterations in the rumen microbiota composition of Hanwoo steers after cannulation surgery. In this study, eight Hanwoo steers were used; four steers underwent rumen cannulation surgery (cannulation group), while the remaining four were left intact (control group). Rumen samples were collected from all eight steers using the stomach tubing method on the day before surgery (day 0) and on postoperative days 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28, resulting in 80 samples (10 timepoints × 8 animals). The microbiota of all 80 samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing with Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology version 2 (QIIME2). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in all major phyla and most major genera representing at least 0.5% of total sequences across all 80 samples between the control and cannulation groups on the preoperative and postoperative days. However, while the alpha diversity indices did not differ (p > 0.05) between the two groups on the preoperative day, they significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the two groups on the postoperative days. Further, the overall microbial distribution based on both unweighted and weighted principal coordinate analysis plots significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the two groups on both the preoperative and postoperative days. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts indicated that major genera and microbial diversity in the cannulation group decreased following surgery but returned to their initial states by postoperative day 28. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that rumen cannulation surgery affects some major taxa and microbial diversity, suggesting that the rumen cannulation method can alter the composition of rumen microbiota in Hanwoo steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Kim
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Tansol Park
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Cheolju Park
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Youl-Chang Baek
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology
Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Han Gyu Lee
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Eunju Kim
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Eun-Yeong Bok
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Young-Hun Jung
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Tai-Young Hur
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Do
- Division of Animal Diseases &
Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365,
Korea
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Liang J, Zhang P, Chen L, Chang J, Zhang R, Zhang G, Tian Y. Effect of high corn straw loads on short-chain fatty acid production in semi-continuous rumen reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130396. [PMID: 38301941 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ruminal microorganisms can efficiently hydrolyze biomass waste for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. However, the continuous SCFA production by ruminal microorganisms at high loads is unclear. In this study, the effectiveness of a rumen semi-continuous reactor at high load for SCFA production was explored. Results showed that SCFA concentration reached 13.3 g/L at 8 % (w/v) corn straw load. The higher the corn straw load, the lower the volatile solid removal. Rumen microbial community composition changed significantly with increasing corn straw load. A significant decrease in bacterial diversity and abundance was observed at 8 % corn straw load. Some core genera such as Prevotella, Saccharofermentans, and Ruminococcus significantly increased. As corn straw loads increased, the expression of functional genes related to hydrolysis and acidogenesis gradually increased. Thus, the 8.0 % load is suitable for SCFA production. These findings provide new insights into high load fermentation of ruminal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Liang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Panyue Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Le Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianning Chang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Yang Z, Bao L, Song W, Zhao X, Liang H, Yu M, Qu M. Nicotinic acid changes rumen fermentation and apparent nutrient digestibility by regulating rumen microbiota in Xiangzhong black cattle. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:240-252. [PMID: 37905319 PMCID: PMC10766483 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary nicotinic acid (NA) on apparent nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbiota in uncastrated Xiangzhong black cattle. METHODS Twenty-one uncastrated Xiangzhong black cattle (385.08±15.20 kg) aged 1.5 years were randomly assigned to the control group (CL, 0 mg/kg NA in concentrate diet), NA1 group (800 mg/kg NA in concentrate diet) and NA2 group (1,200 mg/kg NA in concentrate diet). All animals were fed a 60% concentrate diet and 40% dried rice straw for a 120-day feeding experiment. RESULTS Supplemental NA not only enhanced the apparent nutrient digestibility of acid detergent fiber (p<0.01), but also elevated the rumen acetate and total volatile fatty acid concentrations (p<0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of rumen microbiota revealed that dietary NA changed the diversity of rumen microbiota (p<0.05) and the abundance of bacterial taxa in the rumen. The relative abundances of eight Erysipelotrichales taxa, five Ruminococcaceae taxa, and five Sphaerochaetales taxa were decreased by dietary NA (p< 0.05). However, the relative abundances of two taxa belonging to Roseburia faecis were increased by supplemental 800 mg/kg NA, and the abundances of seven Prevotella taxa, three Paraprevotellaceae taxa, three Bifidobacteriaceae taxa, and two operational taxonomic units annotated to Fibrobacter succinogenes were increased by 1,200 mg/kg NA in diets. Furthermore, the correlation analysis found significant correlations between the concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and the abundances of bacterial taxa, especially Prevotella. CONCLUSION The results from this study suggest that dietary NA plays an important role in regulating apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber, acetate, total volatile fatty acid concentrations, and the composition of rumen microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Linbin Bao
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Guangchang County, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, 344900,
China
| | - Wanming Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045,
China
| | - Huan Liang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045,
China
| | - Mingjin Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045,
China
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Shinkai T, Takizawa S, Fujimori M, Mitsumori M. - Invited Review - The role of rumen microbiota in enteric methane mitigation for sustainable ruminant production. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:360-369. [PMID: 37946422 PMCID: PMC10838666 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminal methane production functions as the main sink for metabolic hydrogen generated through rumen fermentation and is recognized as a considerable source of greenhouse gas emissions. Methane production is a complex trait affected by dry matter intake, feed composition, rumen microbiota and their fermentation, lactation stage, host genetics, and environmental factors. Various mitigation approaches have been proposed. Because individual ruminants exhibit different methane conversion efficiencies, the microbial characteristics of low-methane-emitting animals can be essential for successful rumen manipulation and environment-friendly methane mitigation. Several bacterial species, including Sharpea, uncharacterized Succinivibrionaceae, and certain Prevotella phylotypes have been listed as key players in low-methane-emitting sheep and cows. The functional characteristics of the unclassified bacteria remain unclear, as they are yet to be cultured. Here, we review ruminal methane production and mitigation strategies, focusing on rumen fermentation and the functional role of rumen microbiota, and describe the phylogenetic and physiological characteristics of a novel Prevotella species recently isolated from low methane-emitting and high propionate-producing cows. This review may help to provide a better understanding of the ruminal digestion process and rumen function to identify holistic and environmentally friendly methane mitigation approaches for sustainable ruminant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Shinkai
- NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki 305-0901,
Japan
| | - Shuhei Takizawa
- NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki 305-0901,
Japan
| | - Miho Fujimori
- NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki 305-0901,
Japan
| | - Makoto Mitsumori
- NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Ibaraki 305-0901,
Japan
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10
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Rabee AE, Mohamed M Ghandour M, Sallam A, Elwakeel EA, Mohammed RS, Sabra EA, Abdel-Wahed AM, Mourad DM, Hamed AA, Hafez OR. Rumen fermentation and microbiota in Shami goats fed on condensed tannins or herbal mixture. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:35. [PMID: 38297287 PMCID: PMC10829277 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemical compounds can modify the rumen microbiome and improve rumen fermentation. This study evaluated the impact of supplementation with tannin and an herbal mixture containing ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), Artemisia (Artemisia vulgaris), and turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the rumen fermentation and microbiota, and histology of rumen tissue of goats. Eighteen Shami male goats were divided into three groups (n = 6): non-supplemented animals fed the basal diet (C, control); animals fed basal diet and supplemented with condensed tannin (T); and animals fed basal diet and supplemented with herbal mixture (HM). Each animal received a basal diet composed of Alfalfa hay and a concentrate feed mixture. RESULTS Group HM revealed higher (P < 0.05) rumen pH, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, and valeric. Principal Co-ordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that rumen microbial communities in the control group and supplemented groups were distinct. The supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundances of phylum Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria and declined (P < 0.05) Firmicutes and Fibrobacterota. Additionally, the dominant genus Prevotella and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group were increased (P < 0.05) and the family Ruminococcaceae was declined (P < 0.05) due to the supplementation. The supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the archaeal genus Methanobrevibacter and increased (P < 0.05) Candidatus Methanomethylophilus. Tannin supplementation in T group shortened the rumen papillae. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that the herbal mixture might be used to alter the rumen microbiota to improve rumen fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Emara Rabee
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa Mohamed M Ghandour
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sallam
- Animal and Poultry Breeding Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A Elwakeel
- Department of Animal and Fish production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Mohammed
- Animal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebrahim A Sabra
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Adel M Abdel-Wahed
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Disouky Mohamed Mourad
- Animal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Amin Hamed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama Raef Hafez
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Cabral LDS, Weimer PJ. Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis. Microorganisms 2024; 12:219. [PMID: 38276203 PMCID: PMC10819428 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii was first isolated from the rumen in 1953 and is common in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Its ability to use either lactate or glucose as its major energy sources for growth has been well documented, although it can also ferment amino acids into ammonia and branched-chain fatty acids, which are growth factors for other bacteria. The ruminal abundance of M. elsdenii usually increases in animals fed grain-based diets due to its ability to use lactate (the product of rapid ruminal sugar fermentation), especially at a low ruminal pH (<5.5). M. elsdenii has been proposed as a potential dietary probiotic to prevent ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle and high-producing dairy cows. However, this bacterium has also been associated with milk fat depression (MFD) in dairy cows, although proving a causative role has remained elusive. This review summarizes the unique physiology of this intriguing bacterium and its functional role in the ruminal community as well as its role in the health and productivity of the host animal. In addition to its effects in the rumen, the ability of M. elsdenii to produce C2-C7 carboxylic acids-potential precursors for industrial fuel and chemical production-is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano da Silva Cabral
- Department of Animal Science and Rural Extension, Agronomy and Animal Science School, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá 780600-900, Mato Grosso, Brazil;
| | - Paul J. Weimer
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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12
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Gu M, Liu H, Jiang X, Qiu S, Li K, Lu J, Zhang M, Qiu Y, Wang B, Ma Z, Gan Q. Analysis of Rumen Degradation Characteristics, Attached Microbial Community, and Cellulase Activity Changes of Garlic Skin and Artemisia argyi Stalk. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:169. [PMID: 38200900 PMCID: PMC10778316 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to study the chemical composition, rumen degradation characteristics, surface attached microbial community and cellulase activity of garlic skin (GS) and Artemisia argyi stalk (AS), in order to explain their feeding value. Four 14-month-old healthy Min Dong male goats with permanent rumen fistula were selected as experimental animals. The rumen degradation characteristics of GS and AS were determined by using the nylon bag method, and the bacterial composition, cellulase activity and their relationship on the surface of the two groups were analyzed with high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that in GS and AS, the effective degradation rate (ED) values of dry matter (DM) were 42.53% and 37.12%, the ED values of crude protein (CP) were 37.19% and 43.38%, the ED values of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were 36.83% and 36.23%, and the ED values of acid detergent fiber (ADF) were 33.81% and 34.77%. During rumen degradation, the richness and evenness of bacteria attached to the AS surface were higher. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were always the main rumen bacteria in the two groups. At the genus level, fiber-degrading bacteria such as Prevotella, Treponema, and Ruminococcus showed higher levels in GS (p < 0.05). Compared with GS, the activity of β-glucosidase (BG enzyme), endo-β-1,4-glucanase (C1 enzyme), exo-β-1,4-glucanase (Cx enzyme) and neutral xylanase (NEX enzyme) attached to AS surface showed a higher trend. Correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of Succinivibrio and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group was positively correlated with the rumen degradability of nutrients in GS, and the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae R-7_group, Succinivibrio and Ruminococcus was positively correlated with the rumen degradability of nutrients in AS. The conclusion of this study shows that AS has more potential to become ruminant roughage than GS. In addition, this study also revealed the relationship between cellulase activity and bacteria, which provided new information for us to better analyze the effects of GS and AS on the rumen of ruminants and provided an important theoretical basis for the development and utilization of agricultural by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Gu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Haoyu Liu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xinghui Jiang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Shuiling Qiu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Keyao Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Jianing Lu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Mingrui Zhang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Yujun Qiu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Benzhi Wang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhiyi Ma
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Qianfu Gan
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China; (M.G.); (H.L.); (X.J.); (S.Q.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (Y.Q.); (B.W.); (Z.M.)
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13
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Noronha GN, Hess MK, Dodds KG, Silva AGME, de Souza SM, da Silva JAR, Graças DAD, de Carvalho Rodrigues TCG, da Silva WC, da Silva ÉBR, Janssen PH, Henry HM, Rowe SJ, de Castro VCG, Lourenço-Júnior JDB. Characterization of the Ruminal Microbiome of Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Kept in Different Ecosystems in the Eastern Amazon. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3858. [PMID: 38136895 PMCID: PMC10740732 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing the efficiency of rumen fermentation is one of the main ways to maximize the production of ruminants. It is therefore important to understand the ruminal microbiome, as well as environmental influences on that community. However, there are no studies that describe the ruminal microbiota in buffaloes in the Amazon. The objective of this study was to characterize the rumen microbiome of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the eastern Amazon in the dry and rainy seasons in three grazing ecosystems: Baixo Amazonas (BA), Continente do Pará (CP), Ilha do Marajó (IM), and in a confinement system: Tomé-Açu (TA). Seventy-one crossbred male buffaloes (Murrah × Mediterranean) were used, aged between 24 and 36 months, with an average weight of 432 kg in the rainy season and 409 kg in the dry season, and fed on native or cultivated pastures. In the confinement system, the feed consisted of sorghum silage, soybean meal, wet sorghum premix, and commercial feed. Samples of the diet from each ecosystem were collected for bromatological analysis. The collections of ruminal content were carried out in slaughterhouses, with the rumen completely emptied and homogenized, the solid and liquid fractions separated, and the ruminal pH measured. DNA was extracted from the rumen samples, then sequenced using Restriction Enzyme Reduced Representation Sequencing. The taxonomic composition was largely similar between ecosystems. All 61 genera in the reference database were recognized, including members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea. The abundance of 23 bacterial genera differed significantly (p < 0.01) between the Tomé-Açu confinement and other ecosystems. Bacillus, Ruminococcus, and Bacteroides had lower abundance in samples from the Tomé-Açu system. Among the Archaea, the genus Methanomicrobium was less abundant in Tomé-Açu, while Methanosarcina was more abundant. There was a difference caused by all evaluated factors, but the diet (available or offered) was what most influenced the ruminal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerlane Nunes Noronha
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Melanie K. Hess
- Invermay Agriculture Centre, AgResearch, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand; (M.K.H.); (K.G.D.); (H.M.H.); (S.J.R.)
| | - Ken G. Dodds
- Invermay Agriculture Centre, AgResearch, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand; (M.K.H.); (K.G.D.); (H.M.H.); (S.J.R.)
| | - André Guimarães Maciel e Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Shirley Motta de Souza
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, South of Minas Gerais, Pouso Alegre 37550-000, Brazil;
| | | | - Diego Assis das Graças
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Guamá Science and Technology Park, Belem 66075-750, Brazil;
| | - Thomaz Cyro Guimarães de Carvalho Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Welligton Conceição da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Éder Bruno Rebelo da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - Peter H. Janssen
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Hannah M. Henry
- Invermay Agriculture Centre, AgResearch, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand; (M.K.H.); (K.G.D.); (H.M.H.); (S.J.R.)
| | - Suzanne J. Rowe
- Invermay Agriculture Centre, AgResearch, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand; (M.K.H.); (K.G.D.); (H.M.H.); (S.J.R.)
| | - Vinicius Costa Gomes de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
| | - José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (G.N.N.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.); (É.B.R.d.S.); (V.C.G.d.C.); (J.d.B.L.-J.)
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14
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Diaz GR, Gaire TN, Ferm P, Case L, Caixeta LS, Goldsmith TJ, Armstrong J, Noyes NR. Effect of castration timing and weaning strategy on the taxonomic and functional profile of ruminal bacteria and archaea of beef calves. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:61. [PMID: 38041127 PMCID: PMC10691087 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beef cattle experience several management challenges across their lifecycle. Castration and weaning, two major interventions in the early life of beef cattle, can have a substantial impact on animal performance. Despite the key role of the rumen microbiome on productive traits of beef cattle, the effect of castration timing and weaning strategy on this microbial community has not been formally described. We assessed the effect of four castration time windows (at birth, turnout, pre-weaning and weaning) and two weaning strategies (fence-line and truck transportation) on the rumen microbiome in a randomized controlled study with 32 male calves across 3 collection days (i.e., time points). Ruminal fluid samples were submitted to shotgun metagenomic sequencing and changes in the taxonomic (microbiota) and functional profile (metagenome) of the rumen microbiome were described. RESULTS Using a comprehensive yet stringent taxonomic classification approach, we identified 10,238 unique taxa classified under 40 bacterial and 7 archaeal phyla across all samples. Castration timing had a limited long-term impact on the rumen microbiota and was not associated with changes in alpha and beta diversity. The interaction of collection day and weaning strategy was associated with changes in the rumen microbiota, which experienced a significant decrease in alpha diversity and shifts in beta diversity within 48 h post-weaning, especially in calves abruptly weaned by truck transportation. Calves weaned using a fence-line weaning strategy had lower relative abundance of Bacteroides, Lachnospira, Fibrobacter and Ruminococcus genera compared to calves weaned by truck transportation. Some genes involved in the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway (fwdB and fwdF) had higher relative abundance in fence-line-weaned calves post-weaning. The antimicrobial resistance gene tetW consistently represented more than 50% of the resistome across time, weaning and castration groups, without significant changes in relative abundance. CONCLUSIONS Within the context of this study, castration timing had limited long-term effects on the rumen microbiota, while weaning strategy had short-term effects on the rumen microbiota and methane-associated metagenome, but not on the rumen resistome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo R Diaz
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Tara N Gaire
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Peter Ferm
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Lacey Case
- North Central Research and Outreach Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Luciano S Caixeta
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Timothy J Goldsmith
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Joe Armstrong
- Agricultural and Natural Resource Systems, University of Minnesota Extension, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Noelle R Noyes
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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15
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Popov IV, Einhardt Manzke N, Sost MM, Verhoeven J, Verbruggen S, Chebotareva IP, Ermakov AM, Venema K. Modulation of Swine Gut Microbiota by Phytogenic Blends and High Concentrations of Casein in a Validated Swine Large Intestinal In Vitro Model. Vet Sci 2023; 10:677. [PMID: 38133228 PMCID: PMC10748322 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytogenic feed additives are gaining popularity in livestock as a replacement for antibiotic growth promotors. Some phytogenic blends (PB) positively affect the production performance, inhibit pathogens within the gut microbiota, and improve the overall health of farm animals. In this study, a swine large intestine in vitro model was used to evaluate the effect of two PBs, alone or in combination with casein, on swine gut microbiota. As a result, the combination of casein with PB1 had the most beneficial effects on swine gut microbiota, as it increased the relative abundance of some commensal bacteria and two genera (Lactobacillus and Oscillospiraceae UCG-002), which are associated with greater production performance in pigs. At the same time, supplementation with PBs did not lead to an increase in opportunistic pathogens, indicating their safety for pigs. Both PBs showed fewer changes in swine gut microbiota compared to interventions with added casein. In contrast, casein supplementation significantly increased beta diversity and the relative abundance of commensal as well as potentially beneficial bacteria. In conclusion, the combination of casein with PBs, in particular PB1, had the most beneficial effects among the studied supplements in vitro, with respect to microbiota modulation and metabolite production, although this data should be proven in further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Popov
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University—Campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, The Netherlands; (I.V.P.); (M.M.S.); (S.V.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine, Don State Technical University, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia (A.M.E.)
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | | | - Mônica Maurer Sost
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University—Campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, The Netherlands; (I.V.P.); (M.M.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Jessica Verhoeven
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University—Campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, The Netherlands; (I.V.P.); (M.M.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Sanne Verbruggen
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University—Campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, The Netherlands; (I.V.P.); (M.M.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Iuliia P. Chebotareva
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine, Don State Technical University, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia (A.M.E.)
- Division of Nanobiomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Alexey M. Ermakov
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine, Don State Technical University, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia (A.M.E.)
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University—Campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, The Netherlands; (I.V.P.); (M.M.S.); (S.V.)
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16
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Xu X, Xu Z, Yang B, Yi K, He F, Sun A, Li J, Luo Y, Wang J. Assessing the Effects of Dietary Cadmium Exposure on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Beef Cattle via Microbiota and Transcriptome Profile. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3104. [PMID: 37835710 PMCID: PMC10571678 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant, widely existing in soil, and can be absorbed and accumulated by plants. Hunan Province exhibits the worst cadmium contamination of farmland in China. Ruminants possess an abundant microbial population in the rumen, which enables them to tolerate various poisonous plants. To investigate whether the rumen microbiota could respond to Cd and mitigate the toxicity of Cd-accumulated maize to ruminants, 6-month-old cattle were fed with 85.82% (fresh basis) normal whole-plant maize silage diet (CON, n = 10) or Cd-accumulated whole-plant maize silage diet (CAM, n = 10) for 107 days. When compared to the CON cattle, CAM cattle showed significantly higher gain-to-feed ratio and an increased total bacterial population in the rumen, but a decreased total bacterial population in the colon. CAM cattle had higher relative abundance of Prevotella and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group in the rumen, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Clostridia vadinBB60 group in the colon. Notably, microbial correlations were enhanced in all segments of CAM cattle, especially Peptostreptococcaceae in the jejunum. Transcriptome analysis revealed down-regulation of several immune-related genes in the rumen of CAM cattle, and differentially expressed genes in the rumen were mostly involved in immune regulation. These findings indicated that feeding Cd-accumulated maize diet with a Cd concentration of 6.74 mg/kg dry matter (DM) could stimulate SCFA-related bacteria in the rumen, induce hormesis to promote weight gain, and improve energy utilization of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
| | - Zebang Xu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Kangle Yi
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Fang He
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Ao Sun
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianbo Li
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Yang Luo
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
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Yang Z, Huang T, Guo A, Chen W, Bai W, Wei L, Tian L. Insights into the fermentation patterns of wheat bran cell wall polysaccharides using an in-vitro batch fermentation model. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 317:121100. [PMID: 37364962 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to study the structural characteristics and fermentation properties of wheat bran cell wall polysaccharides (CWPs). Sequential extractions of CWPs from wheat bran produced the water-extractable (WE) and alkali-extractable (AE) fractions. The extracted fractions were structurally characterized based on their molecular weight (Mw) and monosaccharide composition. Our findings revealed that the Mw and the ratio of arabinose to xylose (A/X) of AE were higher than those of WE and that the two fractions were mainly composed of arabinoxylans (AXs). The substrates were then subjected to in vitro fermentation by human fecal microbiota. As fermentation progressed, the total carbohydrates of WE were significantly more utilized than that of AE (p < 0.05). The AXs in WE were utilized at a higher rate than those in AE. The relative abundance of Prevotella_9, which can efficiently utilize AXs, was significantly increased in AE. The presence of AXs in AE shifted the balance away from protein fermentation and caused a delay in protein fermentation. Our study demonstrated that wheat bran CWPs can modulate the gut microbiota in a structure-dependent manner. However, future studies should further characterize the fine structure of wheat CWPs to clarify their detailed relationship with gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Yang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiyi Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wei
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Cheng X, Du X, Liang Y, Degen AA, Wu X, Ji K, Gao Q, Xin G, Cong H, Yang G. Effect of grape pomace supplement on growth performance, gastrointestinal microbiota, and methane production in Tan lambs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264840. [PMID: 37840727 PMCID: PMC10569316 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace (GP), a by-product in wine production, is nutritious and can be used as a feed ingredient for ruminants; however, its role in shaping sheep gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota is unclear. We conducted a controlled trial using a randomized block design with 10 Tan lambs fed a control diet (CD) and 10 Tan lambs fed a pelleted diet containing 8% GP (dry matter basis) for 46 days. Rumen, jejunum, cecum, and colon bacterial and archaeal composition were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Dry matter intake (DMI) was greater (p < 0.05) in the GP than CD group; however, there was no difference in average daily gain (ADG, p < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR, p < 0.05) between the two groups. The GP group had a greater abundance of Prevotella 1 and Prevotella 7 in the rumen; of Sharpe, Ruminococcaceae 2, and [Ruminococcus] gauvreauii group in the jejunum; of Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 and Romboutsia in the cecum, and Prevotella UCG-001 in the colon; but lesser Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group in the rumen and cecum, and Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 in the colon than the CD group. The pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, such as L-rhamnose degradation in the rumen, starch and glycogen degradation in the jejunum, galactose degradation in the cecum, and mixed acid fermentation and mannan degradation in the colon were up-graded; whereas, the pathways of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle VIII, and pyruvate fermentation to acetone in the rumen and colon were down-graded with GP. The archaeal incomplete reductive TCA cycle was enriched in the rumen, jejunum, and colon; whereas, the methanogenesis from H2 and CO2, the cofactors of methanogenesis, including coenzyme M, coenzyme B, and factor 420 biosynthesis were decreased in the colon. The study concluded that a diet including GP at 8% DM did not affect ADG or FCR in Tan lambs. However, there were some potential benefits, such as enhancing propionate production by microbiota and pathways in the GIT, promoting B-vitamin production in the rumen, facilitating starch degradation and amino acid biosynthesis in the jejunum, and reducing methanogenesis in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Du
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Abraham Allan Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Xiukun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kaixi Ji
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoxian Gao
- Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guosheng Xin
- Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Haitao Cong
- Shandong Huakun Rural Revitalization Institute Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Guo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Yellow River Estuary Tan Sheep Institute of Industrial Technology, Dongying, China
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19
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Mao Y, Wang F, Kong W, Wang R, Liu X, Ding H, Ma Y, Guo Y. Dynamic changes of rumen bacteria and their fermentative ability in high-producing dairy cows during the late perinatal period. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1269123. [PMID: 37817752 PMCID: PMC10560760 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1269123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High-producing dairy cows face varying degrees of metabolic stress and challenges during the late perinatal period, resulting in ruminal bacteria abundance and their fermentative ability occurring as a series of changes. However, the dynamic changes are still not clear. Aims/methods Ten healthy, high-producing Holstein dairy cows with similar body conditions and the same parity were selected, and ruminal fluid from the dairy cows at postpartum 0, 7, 14, and 21 d was collected before morning feeding. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, GC-MS/MS targeted metabolomics, and UPLC-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics were applied in the study to investigate the dynamic changes within 21 d postpartum. Results The results displayed that the structures of ruminal bacteria were significantly altered from 0 to 7 d postpartum (R = 0.486, P = 0.002), reflecting the significantly declining abundances of Euryarchaeota and Chloroflexi phyla and Christensenellaceae, Methanobrevibacter, and Flexilinea genera (P < 0.05) and the obviously ascending abundances of Ruminococcaceae, Moryella, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Prevotellaceae genera at 7 d postpartum (P < 0.05). The structures of ruminal bacteria also varied significantly from 7 to 14 d postpartum (R = 0.125, P = 0.022), reflecting the reducing abundances of Christensenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Moryella genera (P < 0.05), and the elevating abundances of Sharpea and Olsenella genera at 14 d postpartum (P < 0.05). The metabolic profiles of ruminal SCFAs were obviously varied from 0 to 7 d postpartum, resulting in higher levels of propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid at 7 d postpartum (P < 0.05); the metabolic profiles of other ruminal metabolites were significantly shifted from 0 to 7 d postpartum, with 27 significantly elevated metabolites and 35 apparently reduced metabolites (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis indicated that propionic acid was positively correlated with Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae (P < 0.05), negatively correlated with Methanobrevibacter (P < 0.01); butyric acid was positively associated with Prevotellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Pseudobutyrivibrio (P < 0.05), negatively associated with Christensenellaceae (P < 0.01); valeric acid was positively linked with Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae (P < 0.05); pyridoxal was positively correlated with Flexilinea and Methanobrevibacter (P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with Ruminococcaceae (P < 0.01); tyramine was negatively linked with Ruminococcaceae (P < 0.01). Conclusion The findings contribute to the decision of nutritional management and prevention of metabolic diseases in high-producing dairy cows during the late perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Weiyi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruiling Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yansheng Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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20
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Liu R, Shen Y, Ma H, Li Y, Lambo MT, Dai B, Shen W, Qu Y, Zhang Y. Silibinin reduces in vitro methane production by regulating the rumen microbiome and metabolites. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1225643. [PMID: 37680535 PMCID: PMC10481870 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1225643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study used Silibinin as an additive to conduct fermentation experiments, wherein its effects on rumen gas production, fermentation, metabolites, and microbiome were analyzed in vitro. The silibinin inclusion level were 0 g/L (control group), 0.075 g/L, 0.15 g/L, 0.30 g/L, and 0.60 g/L (experimental group). Fermentation parameters, total gas production, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2), and their percentages were determined. Further analysis of the rumen microbiome's relative abundance and α/β diversity was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform. Qualitative and quantitative metabolomics analyses were performed to analyze the differential metabolites and metabolic pathways based on non-targeted metabolomics. The result indicated that with an increasing dose of silibinin, there was a linear reduction in total gas production, CO2, CH4, H2 and their respective percentages, and the acetic acid to propionic acid ratio. Concurrent with a linear increase in pH, when silibinin was added at 0.15 g/L and above, the total volatile fatty acid concentration decreased, the acetic acid molar ratio decreased, the propionic acid molar ratio increased, and dry matter digestibility decreased. At the same time, the relative abundance of Prevotella, Isotricha, Ophryoscolex, unclassified_Rotifera, Methanosphaera, Orpinomyces, and Neocallimastix in the rumen decreased after adding 0.60 g/L of silibinin. Simultaneously, the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum, NK4A214_group, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and unclassified_Lachnospiraceae increased, altering the rumen species composition, community, and structure. Furthermore, it upregulated the ruminal metabolites, such as 2-Phenylacetamide, Phlorizin, Dalspinin, N6-(1,2-Dicarboxyethyl)-AMP, 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydromethanopterin, Flavin mononucleotide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (FMNH), Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate, Silibinin, and Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate, affecting phenylalanine metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and folate biosynthesis pathways. In summary, adding silibinin can alter the rumen fermentation parameters and mitigate enteric methane production by regulating rumen microbiota and metabolites, which is important for developing novel rumen methane inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yueyu Shen
- Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Haokai Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Modinat Tolani Lambo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Baisheng Dai
- College of Electrical Engineering and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Weizheng Shen
- College of Electrical Engineering and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongli Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Frias H, Murga Valderrama NL, Flores GJ, Cornejo VG, Del Solar JC, Romani AC, Bardales W, Segura GT, Polveiro RC, Vieira DDS, Lopez Lapa RM, Maicelo Quintana JL. An analysis of the cecum microbiome of three breeds of the guinea pig: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:50-61. [PMID: 37321011 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of host genetics on the structure and composition of the cecum microbiota of three breeds of guinea pigs: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Fifteen guinea pigs were distributed into three groups according to their breed: Andina (5), Inti (5), and Peru (5). We discovered that four main phyla were shared between the three breeds: Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Spirochaetota, and Synergistota. Although there were no significant differences in the alpha and beta diversity analysis, we found that the Linear discriminant analysis effect size and the heat tree analysis showed significant differences between the abundance of several taxa present in the cecum microbiome of the three breeds. These results suggest that host genetics could be a factor in the structure and composition of the guinea pig cecum microbiome. In addition, we found unique genera for each breed that have fermentation capacity and, therefore can be analyzed in further studies to determine if there is a functional relationship between them and the breed and its industrial profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Frias
- Academic Department of Zootechnics, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Nilton Luis Murga Valderrama
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Gary J Flores
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Victor G Cornejo
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Jakson Ch Del Solar
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Ana C Romani
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - William Bardales
- Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness, and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - G T Segura
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Richard C Polveiro
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Sector of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Department of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Dielson da S Vieira
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rainer M Lopez Lapa
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru.
| | - Jorge Luis Maicelo Quintana
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
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22
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Impact of Molasses on Ruminal Volatile Fatty Acid Production and Microbiota Composition In Vitro. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040728. [PMID: 36830515 PMCID: PMC9952058 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess if molasses could modify VFA production and the rumen microbial community in vitro. Three beet (treatment Beet) and three cane (treatment Cane) molasses preparations were randomly selected from a variety of samples collected worldwide and incubated in vitro with rumen fluid along with a control sample (treatment CTR, in which no molasses was used). Flasks for VFA analysis were sampled at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h of each incubation. For microbiota analysis, samples from each fermentation flask after 12 and 24 h were subjected to microbial DNA extraction and V3-V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Total net VFA production was higher in the beet and cane preparations than in the control (CTR) group at 24 h (33 mmol/L, 34 mmol/L, and 24.8 mmol/L, respectively), and the composition of VFAs was affected by the inclusion of molasses: acetic acid increased in the CTR group (73.5 mol%), while propionic acid increased in the beet and cane molasses (19.6 mol% and 18.6 mol%, respectively), and butyric acid increased, especially in the cane group (23.2 mol%). Molasses even influenced the composition of the rumen microbiota, and particularly the relative abundance of the most dominant family in the rumen, Prevotellaceae, which decreased compared to CTR (37.13%, 28.88%, and 49.6%, respectively). In contrast, Streptococcaceae (19.62% and 28.10% in molasses compared to 6.23% in CTR), Veillonellaceae (6.48% and 8.67% in molasses compared to 4.54% in CTR), and Fibrobacteraceae (0.90% and 0.88% in molasses compared to 0.62% in CTR) increased in the beet and cane groups compared to the CTR group. Another important finding is the lower proportion of Methanobacteriaceae following the addition of molasses compared to CTR (0.26%, 0.28%, and 0.43%, respectively). This study showed the impact of molasses in influencing VFA production and composition as a result of a modified rumen microbial composition.
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