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Das T, Sen A, Mahapatra S. Characterization of plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from rhizosphere of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) grown in two different soil orders of eastern India. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3101-3111. [PMID: 37620686 PMCID: PMC10689660 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentil, which is an important grain legume, can be co-inoculated with plant growth-promoting rhizobia and rhizobacteria to boost nitrogen fixation, increase biomass, and a possibility for early nodulation. The goal of the ongoing study was to identify plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere of lentil growing soils in eastern India. Sixteen rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from two different soil orders, and their capacity to solubilize phosphate and generate hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, and indole acetic acid (IAA) was assessed. The three best strains were selected for compatibility study with twenty Rhizobium isolated from lentil root nodules. The isolated rhizobacteria were able to produce ammonia and different mycolytic enzymes. Isolate B3 produced the highest amount of IAA and siderophore; the highest amount of phosphate solubilized by PSB1 strain; and isolates AB1, AB2, B3, PS2, and PSB2 produced considerable amount of HCN gas. Among all the isolates, B3, PSB1, and PS2 performed better based on different plant growth-promoting abilities. These three bacterial isolates showed compatible reaction with most of the Rhizobium strains. Isolates B3, PS2, and PSB1 were identified as Bacillus subtilis (MT729775), Pseudomonas palmensis (MT729782), and Paraburkholderia caribenis (MZ956803), respectively. Lentil shoot weight, root length, nodule number, N uptake, and P uptake were increased in the pot culture experiment when inoculated with these strains. PGPR strain B3 performed best among the three strains in the pot culture experiment. Strain B3 can be used as potential biofertilizer along with compatible Rhizobium species for better production of lentil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanusree Das
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Arup Sen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Sunita Mahapatra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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Ma T, Xue H, Piao C, Jiang N, Li Y. Phylogenomic reappraisal of the family Rhizobiaceae at the genus and species levels, including the description of Ectorhizobium quercum gen. nov., sp. nov. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1207256. [PMID: 37601364 PMCID: PMC10434624 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1207256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Rhizobiaceae contains 19 validly described genera including the rhizobia groups, many of which are important nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Early classification of Rhizobiaceae relied heavily on the poorly resolved 16S rRNA genes and resulted in several taxonomic conflicts. Although several recent studies illustrated the taxonomic status of many members in the family Rhizobiaceae, several para- and polyphyletic genera still needed to be elucidated. The rapidly increasing number of genomes in Rhizobiaceae has allowed for a revision of the taxonomic identities of members in Rhizobiaceae. In this study, we performed analyses of genome-based phylogeny and phylogenomic metrics to review the relationships of 155-type strains within the family Rhizobiaceae. The UBCG and concatenated protein phylogenetic trees, constructed based on 92 core genes and concatenated alignment of 170 single-copy orthologous proteins, demonstrated that the taxonomic inconsistencies should be assigned to eight novel genera, and 22 species should be recombined. All these reclassifications were also confirmed by pairwise cpAAI values, which separated genera within the family Rhizobiaceae with a demarcation threshold of ~86%. In addition, along with the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, a novel strain BDR2-2T belonging to a novel genus of the family Rhizobiaceae was also confirmed, for which the name Ectorhizobium quercum gen. nov., sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain is BDR2-2T (=CFCC 16492T = LMG 31717T).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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Roca-Couso R, Flores-Felix JD, Igual JM, García-Fraile P, Velázquez E, Rivas R. Ferranicluibacter rubi gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of family Rhizobiaceae isolated from stems of elmleaf blackberry ( Rubus ulmifolius Schott) in Northwest Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37093735 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Strain CRRU44T was isolated from the stems of Rubus ulmifolius plants growing in Salamanca (Spain). The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence places this strain within the family Rhizobiaceae showing that it is equidistant to the type species of several genera from this family with similarity values ranging from 91.0 to 96.3 %. Strain CRRU44T formed a divergent lineage which clustered with Endobacterium cereale RZME27T, Neorhizobium galegae HAMBI540T and Pseudorhizobium pelagicum R1-200B4T. The phylogenomic analysis showed that strain CRRU44T was equal to or more distant from the remaining genera of the family Rhizobiaceae than other genera among them. The calculated average nucleotide identity based on blast and average amino acid identity values with respect to the type species of all genera from the family Rhizobiaceae were lower than 78.5 and 76.5 %, respectively, which are the currently cut-off values proposed to differentiate genera within this family. All these results together with those from phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses support that strain CRRU44T represents a novel species of a novel genus within the family Rhizobiaceae, for which the name Ferranicluibacter rubi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed (type strain CRRU44T=CECT 30117T=LMG 31822T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Roca-Couso
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Investigation in Agrobiotechnology (CIALE), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose David Flores-Felix
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Investigation in Agrobiotechnology (CIALE), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose M Igual
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Associated Unit USAL-CSIC (IRNASA), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula García-Fraile
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Investigation in Agrobiotechnology (CIALE), Salamanca, Spain
- Associated Unit USAL-CSIC (IRNASA), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Encarna Velázquez
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Investigation in Agrobiotechnology (CIALE), Salamanca, Spain
- Associated Unit USAL-CSIC (IRNASA), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Raúl Rivas
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Investigation in Agrobiotechnology (CIALE), Salamanca, Spain
- Associated Unit USAL-CSIC (IRNASA), Salamanca, Spain
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Adeleke BS, Ayangbenro AS, Babalola OO. In vitro Screening of Sunflower Associated Endophytic Bacteria With Plant Growth-Promoting Traits. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.903114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Harnessing endophytic microbes as bioinoculants promises to solve agricultural problems and improve crop yield. Out of fifty endophytic bacteria of sunflowers, 20 were selected based on plant growth-promoting. These plant growth-promoting bacteria were identified as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas. The qualitative screening showed bacterial ability to produce hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, siderophore, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), exopolysaccharide, and solubilize phosphate. The high quantity of siderophore produced by B. cereus T4S was 87.73%. No significant difference was observed in the Bacillus sp. CAL14 (33.83%), S. indicatrix BOVIS40 (32.81%), S. maltophilia JVB5 (32.20%), S. maltophilia PK60 (33.48%), B. subtilis VS52 (33.43%), and P. saponiphilia J4R (33.24%), exhibiting high phosphate-solubilizing potential. S. indicatrix BOVIS40, B. thuringiensis SFL02, B. cereus SFR35, B. cereus BLBS20, and B. albus TSN29 showed high potential for the screened enzymes. Varied IAA production was recorded under optimized conditions. The medium amended with yeast extract yielded high IAA production of 46.43 μg/ml by S. indicatrix BOVIS40. Optimum IAA production of 23.36 and 20.72 μg/ml at 5% sucrose and 3% glucose by S. maltophilia JVB5 and B. cereus T4S were recorded. At pH 7, maximum IAA production of 25.36 μg/ml was obtained by S. indicatrix BOVIS40. All the isolates exhibited high IAA production at temperatures 25, 30, and 37°C. The in vitro seed inoculation enhanced sunflower seedlings compared to the control. Therefore, exploration of copious endophytic bacteria as bioinoculants can best be promising to boost sunflower cultivation.
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Adeleke BS, Babalola OO. Meta-omics of endophytic microbes in agricultural biotechnology. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ali M, Ali Q, Sohail MA, Ashraf MF, Saleem MH, Hussain S, Zhou L. Diversity and Taxonomic Distribution of Endophytic Bacterial Community in the Rice Plant and Its Prospective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810165. [PMID: 34576331 PMCID: PMC8465699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacterial communities are beneficial communities for host plants that exist inside the surfaces of plant tissues, and their application improves plant growth. They benefit directly from the host plant by enhancing the nutrient amount of the plant’s intake and influencing the phytohormones, which are responsible for growth promotion and stress. Endophytic bacteria play an important role in plant-growth promotion (PGP) by regulating the indirect mechanism targeting pest and pathogens through hydrolytic enzymes, antibiotics, biocontrol potential, and nutrient restriction for pathogens. To attain these benefits, firstly bacterial communities must be colonized by plant tissues. The nature of colonization can be achieved by using a set of traits, including attachment behavior and motility speed, degradation of plant polymers, and plant defense evasion. The diversity of bacterial endophytes colonization depends on various factors, such as plants’ relationship with environmental factors. Generally, each endophytic bacteria has a wide host range, and they are used as bio-inoculants in the form of synthetic applications for sustainable agriculture systems and to protect the environment from chemical hazards. This review discusses and explores the taxonomic distribution of endophytic bacteria associated with different genotypes of rice plants and their origin, movement, and mechanism of PGP. In addition, this review accentuates compressive meta data of endophytic bacteria communities associated with different genotypes of rice plants, retrieves their plant-growth-promoting properties and their antagonism against plant pathogens, and discusses the indication of endophytic bacterial flora in rice plant tissues using various methods. The future direction deepens the study of novel endophytic bacterial communities and their identification from rice plants through innovative techniques and their application for sustainable agriculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Ali
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qurban Ali
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: (Q.A.); (L.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Aamir Sohail
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | | | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.A.); (L.Z.)
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Zhao J, Ai G, Yang S, Zhang X, Zhang G. Detection, Structural Elucidation, and Biological Effects of Diverse N-Acyl-homoserine Lactone Signaling Molecules in the Plant-Promoting Endophytic Bacterium Rhizobium oryzihabitans M15. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9693-9705. [PMID: 34428903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), usually performed by N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) in Gram-staining-negative bacteria, plays an important role in plant-bacteria interactions. Rhizobium oryzihabitans M15 is a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) isolated from rice roots. In this study, we found a QS system in the endogenous plasmid of R. oryzihabitans M15 and detected the activity of AHLs by a bioassay method. We identified five AHL analogues in R. oryzihabitans M15 using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The most dominant AHL analogue was N-(3R-hydroxy-7-cis-tetradecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone according to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Mosher's reactions. Furthermore, the rosI mutant abolished AHL production and significantly decreased growth, exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, biofilm formation, and motility compared to the wild-type strain. These results lay the foundation for further investigating the QS regulation mechanism and signal pathway of R. oryzihabitans M15 and its interactions with the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guomin Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guishan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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Gao JL, Sun P, Sun YC, Xue J, Wang G, Wang LW, Du Y, Zhang X, Sun JG. Caulobacter endophyticus sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium harboring three lasso peptide biosynthetic gene clusters and producing indoleacetic acid isolated from maize root. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:1213-1224. [PMID: 34002321 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium with a single polar flagellum or a stalk at the end of the cell, was isolated from maize roots in the Fangshan District of Beijing, People's Republic of China. The new strain designated 774T produced indole acetic acid (IAA). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain 774T belongs to the genus Caulobacter and is closely related to Caulobacter flavus RHGG3T, Caulobacter zeae 410Tand Caulobacter radices 695T, all with sequence similarities of 99.9%. The genome size of strain774T was 5.4 Mb, comprising 5042 predicted genes with a DNA G+C content of 68.7%.Three striking lasso peptide biosynthetic gene clusters and two IAA synthesis genes belonging to the TPM pathway were also found in the genome of strain 774T. The average nucleotide identity values and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of the strain774T with its closely phylogenetic neighbours were less than 91.5% and 45.0%, respectively, indicating a new Caulobacter species. The major fatty acids of strain774T were identified as C16: 0 (27.7%), summed feature 3 (C16: 1ω6c and/or C16: 1ω7c) (12.6%) and summed feature 8 (C18: 1ω7c and/or C18: 1ω6c) (42.9%).The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidyl-glycerol and glycolipids. The predominant ubiquinone was identified as Quinone 10. Based on the polyphasic characterization, strain 774T represents a novel species of the genus Caulobacter, for which the name Caulobacter endophyticus sp. nov. is proposed with 774T (= CGMCC 1.16558T = DSM 106777T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Lian Gao
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yu-Chen Sun
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xue
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wei Wang
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Du
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhai Zhang
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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de Lajudie P, Mousavi SA, Young JPW. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria Minutes of the closed meeting by videoconference, 6 July 2020. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33956594 PMCID: PMC8289204 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe de Lajudie
- IRD, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, SupAgro, LSTM, Montpellier, France
| | - Seyed Abdollah Mousavi
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biology, University of Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter W Young
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
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Gaete A, Mandakovic D, González M. Isolation and Identification of Soil Bacteria from Extreme Environments of Chile and Their Plant Beneficial Characteristics. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081213. [PMID: 32785053 PMCID: PMC7466141 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The isolation of soil bacteria from extreme environments represents a major challenge, but also an opportunity to characterize the metabolic potential of soil bacteria that could promote the growth of plants inhabiting these harsh conditions. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria from two Chilean desert environments and characterize the beneficial traits for plants through a biochemical approach. By means of different culture strategies, we obtained 39 bacterial soil isolates from the Coppermine Peninsula (Antarctica) and 32 from Lejía Lake shore soil (Atacama Desert). The results obtained from the taxonomic classification and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the isolates belonged to four phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes), and that the most represented genus at both sites was Pseudomonas. Regarding biochemical characterization, all strains displayed in vitro PGP capabilities, but these were in different proportions that grouped them according to their site of origin. This study contributes with microbial isolates from natural extreme environments with biotechnological potentials in improving plant growth under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Gaete
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, El Libano 5524, 7810000 Santiago, Chile;
- Center for Genome Regulation, El Libano 5524, Santiago 7810000, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur Universidad de Chile. Santa Rosa 11315, 8820808 Santiago, Chile
| | - Dinka Mandakovic
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, 8320000 Santiago, Chile;
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Genética de Interacciones Biológicas (LGIB). Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimento, Universidad de Chile. El Líbano 5524, 7810000 Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, El Libano 5524, 7810000 Santiago, Chile;
- Center for Genome Regulation, El Libano 5524, Santiago 7810000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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